Patho 2nd Midterm PDF

lOMoARcPSD|40914474 Patho 2nd midterm pathophysiology (NorQuest College) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by Zakiya Ahmed ([email protected]) ...

lOMoARcPSD|40914474 Patho 2nd midterm pathophysiology (NorQuest College) Scan to open on Studocu Studocu is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university Downloaded by Zakiya Ahmed ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40914474 Pathophysiology 2nd midterm by:Rudie 1. Chronic/persistent pain vs. Acute pain 2. Thermoregulation- what controls it? 3. Heat stroke vs. Heat exhaustion. 4. Hypothermia (cause of it and problem associated with it) 5. Glaucoma (difference between close and open glaucoma) 6. Evaporation, radiation, conduction and convection 7. Seizure (all different stages of seizure) 8. Prodromal, aura, etc. 9. Cerebral edema (deals with the blood vessels)= vasogenic- increase your ICP (vasogenic causes most cerebral edema 10. Arousal (conscious stage, reticular activating system) (what does it mean?) 11. Dementia (what is it?) 12. How do we differentiate a patient with dementia and a patient with head injury? (They have very similar signs and symptoms of dementia (shot time memory loss)). 13. What are the difference between dementia and delirium? (People who suffers from delirium donÕt sleep) 14. What were the different stages of ICP? (etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment) 15. Difference between vasogenic and interstitial Edema. 16. ParkinsonÕs (etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment) (pill rolling tremor) 17. Diabetes (etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment) 18. Encephalopathy (causes) it is very similar to dementia (it is about injury, they get fluid build-up because of injury and have same signs and symptoms of dementia) 19. Stroke (TIAÕs= promissory note that it is coming) 20. What are the different kinds of stroke (lacunar stroke (most popular) etc.) 21. Head injury (coup/countercoup) 22. Graves disease (what is it?) 23. Diabetes 24. Thyroidism (hypo and hyper) 25. Addisons disease vs cushings disease 26. Anemia (what is it?, types, causes, etiology) 27. Thrombocytopenia 28. Aneurysm (know the spelling) 29. Thrombosis vs. Emblism 30. Myocardial ischemia (in other words myocardial infarct).= heart attack Downloaded by Zakiya Ahmed ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40914474 Pathophysiology 2nd midterm by:Rudie 1. Chronic/persistent pain vs. Acute pain 2. Thermoregulation- what controls it? 3. Heat stroke vs. Heat exhaustion. 4. Hypothermia (cause of it and problem associated with it) 5. Glaucoma (difference between close and open glaucoma) 6. Evaporation, radiation, conduction and convection 7. Seizure (all different stages of seizure) 8. Prodromal, aura, etc. 9. Cerebral edema (deals with the blood vessels)= vasogenic- increase your ICP (vasogenic causes most cerebral edema 10. Arousal (conscious stage, reticular activating system) (what does it mean?) 11. Dementia (what is it?) 12. How do we differentiate a patient with dementia and a patient with head injury? (They have very similar signs and symptoms of dementia (shot time memory loss)). 13. What are the difference between dementia and delirium? (People who suffers from delirium donÕt sleep) 14. What were the different stages of ICP? (etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment) 15. Difference between vasogenic and interstitial Edema. 16. ParkinsonÕs (etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment) (pill rolling tremor) 17. Diabetes (etiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment) 18. Encephalopathy (causes) it is very similar to dementia (it is about injury, they get fluid build-up because of injury and have same signs and symptoms of dementia) 19. Stroke (TIAÕs= promissory note that it is coming) 20. What are the different kinds of stroke (lacunar stroke (most popular) etc.) 21. Head injury (coup/countercoup) 22. Graves disease (what is it?) 23. Diabetes 24. Thyroidism (hypo and hyper) 25. Addisons disease vs cushings disease 26. Anemia (what is it?, types, causes, etiology) 27. Thrombocytopenia 28. Aneurysm (know the spelling) 29. Thrombosis vs. Emblism 30. Myocardial ischemia (in other words myocardial infarct).= heart attack Downloaded by Zakiya Ahmed ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40914474 31. Heart failure (difference between right sided and left sided)= then lead you to chronic heart failure. 32. Systolic and diastolic 33. Shock (renin/angiotensin) Acute Pain Chronic/persistent Pain o A protective mechanism. ¥ Prolonged o Sudden onset ¥ Allows for physiological adaptation o Resolves after stimulus is ¥ Physical and emotional components are removed/healed. significant o Its function is to alert the person to a ¥ Often has an insidious onset condition or experience that is harmful ¥ Behavior is adaptive Ð the goal is to and the tissues have healed. modify the pain ¥ Pain is usually perceived as meaningless ¥ Depression is common ¥ Thermoregulation: o Temperature regulation o Achieved by balancing: ▪ Heat production, heat conservation and heat loss o Thyroid and Adrenal gland: 2 body organs that work to help control thermoregulation. Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke ¥ The result of prolonged high core or o ÒThe potentially lethal result of a environmental temperature breakdown in control of an overstressed ¥ Lead to profound vasodilation and profuse thermoregulatory centreÓ sweating o (The brain cannot tolerate temperatures (greater than) > 40.5 ¥ This eventually leads to o Blood flow through the veins in the head and face increase with sweat production. ▪ dehydration, decreased plasma This helps cool the blood volume, hypotension, decreased o The cardiovascular and thermoregulatory cardiac output and tachycardia centers eventually stop functioning ¥ The person will feel weak, dizzy, properly nauseated and faint o Sweating stops Ð the skin is dry and ¥ This will cause the person to stop work flushed and rest o The person may be irritable, confused, ¥ Stopping work decreases muscle work stuporous or comatose which decreases heat production ¥ Lying down redistributes vascular volume Downloaded by Zakiya Ahmed ([email protected])  lOMoARcPSD|40914474 ¥ Hypothermia: o Core body temperature (less than) 35 o Caused by prolonged exposure to cold. o Leads to vasoconstriction, changes in microcirculation, coagulation (increases coagulation time), and ischemic tissue damage. o Severe hypothermia (temp.