Heart Failure Pathophysiology Semifinal Exam PDF 2021/2022
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Uploaded by Deleted User
2021
Vishal Kumar
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Summary
This document is a past exam paper covering heart failure pathophysiology. It explains the clinical significance, different forms, common causes and symptoms. The paper includes details on the classification of heart failure, forward/backward failure, and systolic/diastolic dysfunction.
Full Transcript
VISHAL KUMAR 2021/2022 3. Heart failure, its causes and symptoms Clinical significance of heart failure, classification of different forms + Explanation of the presenting symptoms Heart failure (HF): - A clinical syndrome...
VISHAL KUMAR 2021/2022 3. Heart failure, its causes and symptoms Clinical significance of heart failure, classification of different forms + Explanation of the presenting symptoms Heart failure (HF): - A clinical syndrome characterized by progressive weaking of the heart’s pump function, causing complex changes in processes at systemic, organ and cellular levels - It finally leads to death by progressive loss of myocardial cells and arrhythmias - Prevalence is increasing due to larger elderly population Classification: 1.Acute/chronic HF: - Depends on how quickly the disease develops - Acute = MI 2.Forward/backward failure: - Forward failure: cannot pump forward à decreased system perfusion (cyanosis) - Backward failure: heart cannot remove blood from veins, causing congestion in lungs and/or the systemic veins 3.Systolic/diastolic dysfunction: - Reduced ejection fraction (EF) = stroke volume (SV) / end diastolic volume (EDV) - In healthy persons, EF = 55-75% - Diastolic dysfunction: 35-50% (HF-PEF: heart failure with preserved EF) - Systolic dysfunction:
