p-block elements practice questions PDF

1. Which of the following elements is *not* in the p-block of the periodic table? * A) Aluminium * B) Chlorine * C) Calcium * D) Phosphorus 2. What is the typical maximum oxidation state of elements in Group 3 (13)? * A) +1 * B) +2 * C) +3 * D) +4 3. What is the trend in metallic character as you...

1. Which of the following elements is *not* in the p-block of the periodic table? * A) Aluminium * B) Chlorine * C) Calcium * D) Phosphorus 2. What is the typical maximum oxidation state of elements in Group 3 (13)? * A) +1 * B) +2 * C) +3 * D) +4 3. What is the trend in metallic character as you go down Group 3 (13)? * A) Decreases * B) Increases * C) Remains constant * D) Fluctuates 4. Which of the following is the correct formula for aluminium oxide? * A) AlO * B) Al2O3 * C) AlO2 * D) Al3O2 5. Aluminium oxide is described as being... * A) Acidic * B) Basic * C) Amphoteric * D) Neutral 6. What is formed when aluminium oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid? * A) aluminium hydroxide and water * B) Aluminium Chloride and water * C) aluminium, chlorine and water * D) aluminium chloride, hydrogen and water 7. What is formed when aluminium oxide reacts with sodium hydroxide solution? * A) Sodium aluminate and water * B) Sodium chloride and water * C) Aluminium hydroxide and sodium chloride * D) No reaction 8. What is the formula for the compound formed between aluminium and chlorine? * A) AlCl * B) Al2Cl3 * C) AlCl2 * D) AlCl3 9. What is the bonding in aluminium chloride, AlCl3? * A) Simple covalent * B) Ionic * C) Metallic * D) Giant covalent 10. What is observed when water is added to solid aluminium chloride? * A) a calm reaction, producing a solution * B) A vigorous reaction, releasing hydrogen chloride gas * C) a slow reaction forming a precipitate * D) No reaction 11. What is the structure of solid aluminium chloride? * A) An ionic lattice * B) A simple molecular structure * C) A giant covalent structure * D) a liquid 12. What type of bonding is present in the Al2Cl6 dimer? * A) Ionic bonding * B) Metallic bonding * C) Coordinate (dative covalent) bonding * D) Hydrogen bonding 13. Which of the following chlorides is *most* likely to be ionic? * A) NaCl * B) MgCl2 * C) AlCl3 * D) SiCl4 14. Which of the following chlorides is a solid at room temperature? * A) NaCl * B) SiCl4 * C) PCl5 * D) SCl2 15. Which of the following chlorides is a liquid at room temperature? * A) NaCl * B) MgCl2 * C) AlCl3 * D) SiCl4 16. Which of the following chlorides has a giant covalent structure? * A) NaCl * B) PCl3 * C) SiCl4 * D) None 17. Which of the following chlorides reacts *vigorously* with water to produce an acidic solution and misty fumes? * A) NaCl * B) MgCl2 * C) AlCl3 * D) SiCl4 18. What is formed when silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4) reacts with water? * A) silicon dioxide and hydrochloric acid * B) silicic acid and chlorine gas * C) silicon hydroxide and hydrogen chloride * D) No reaction 19. What is the pH of the solution formed when sodium chloride (NaCl) dissolves in water? * A) Strongly acidic (pH 1-2) * B) Weakly acidic (pH 5-6) * C) Neutral (pH 7) * D) Weakly alkaline (pH 8-9) 20. What is the pH of the solution formed when phosphorus(V) chloride (PCl5) reacts with water? * A) strong acid, pH 1-2 * B) Weakly acidic (pH 5-6) * C) Neutral (pH 7) * D) Strongly alkaline (pH 12-14) 21. What are the products of the reaction between phosphorus(V) chloride (PCl5) and water? * A) Phosphoric(V) acid and hydrogen * B) Phosphoric(III) acid and chlorine * C) Phosphoric(V) acid and hydrogen chloride * D) phosphorous, chlorine and water 22. Which of the following oxides is basic? * A) Na2O * B) SiO2 * C) P4O10 * D) SO3 23. Which of the following oxides is acidic? * A) MgO * B) Al2O3 * C) SO3 * D) Na2O 24. Which of the following oxides is amphoteric? * A) Na2O * B) MgO * C) Al2O3 * D) SiO2 25. What is formed when sulfur trioxide (SO3) reacts with water? * A) Sulfurous acid (H2SO3) * B) Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) * C) Hydrogen sul de (H2S) * D) Sulfur and oxygen 26. What is the structure of silicon dioxide (SiO2)? * A) Simple molecular fi * B) Giant covalent * C) Ionic * D) Metallic 27. Which of the following best describes the trend in the bonding of the oxides of Period 3 elements (Na to S)? * A) Ionic -> giant covalent -> simple molecular * B) Metallic -> ionic -> covalent * C) Covalent -> ionic -> metallic * D) Simple molecular -> giant covalent -> ionic 28. What is formed when sodium oxide (Na2O) reacts with water? * A) Sodium hydroxide * B) Sodium and hydrogen * C) Sodium hydride and oxygen * D) No reaction 29. What is formed when P4O10 reacts with water? * A) Phosphoric(III) acid * B) Phosphoric(V) acid * C) Phosphorus acid * D) Phosphine 30. Why does silicon dioxide (SiO2) have a high melting point? * A) has weak intermolecular forces * B) It has strong ionic bonds. * C) It has a giant covalent structure with strong covalent bonds. * D) It has strong metallic bonds. Answers and Explanations: 1. C) Calcium - Calcium is in Group 2 (s-block). 2. C) +3 - They have three valence electrons. 3. B) Increases - Metallic character increases down the group. 4. B) Al2O3 - Aluminium has a +3 charge, oxygen has a -2 charge. 5. C) Amphoteric - It reacts with both acids and bases. 6. B) Aluminium Chloride and water Correct de nition. 7. A) Sodium aluminate and water - This is the reaction with a base. 8. D) AlCl3 - Aluminium forms a +3 ion. 9. A) Simple covalent Although the bonding is polar, it is best described as covalent due to the small size/high charge density of Al3+ 10. B) A vigorous reaction, releasing hydrogen chloride gas - AlCl3 reacts violently with water. 11. A) An ionic lattice - At room temperature, AlCl3 is an ionic solid. 12. C) Coordinate (dative covalent) bonding - Chlorine atoms donate lone pairs to aluminium. 13. A) NaCl - The largest electronegativity difference fi