Other Nematodes.ppsx

Other Nematodes Discuss various uncommon parasites found in the dog and cat Objectives Where adults live How a diagnosis is made Intermediate hosts Pathology Common name: Stomach worm (Spiruroidea). Physalopte ra rara Importance: Infrequently causes gastric mucosal erosion and gastritis; adults atta...

Other Nematodes Discuss various uncommon parasites found in the dog and cat Objectives Where adults live How a diagnosis is made Intermediate hosts Pathology Common name: Stomach worm (Spiruroidea). Physalopte ra rara Importance: Infrequently causes gastric mucosal erosion and gastritis; adults attach with mouth parts. Diagnosis: Larvated eggs fecal flotation or worms in vomitus. Ingestion of intermediated host or ingestion of paratenic host Intermediate host: roach, cricket, beetles Pathology: chronic vomiting- gastritis Remove the adult worms endoscopically Treatment Pyrantel Pamoate every 2 weeks for at least 3 treatments or until clinical signs resolve Common name: Esophageal worm (Spiruroidea). Spirocerca lupi Importance: May predispose to malignant tumors and dystrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy. Intermediate host: dung beetle Diagnosis: Eggs in feces in patent infections Spirocerca lupi ova Feline stomach worm Rarely dogs Ollulanus tricuspis Transmission –ingestion of larvae from infected host (i.e., another cat) Prepatent period 33-35 days Larva can live in vomitus up to 12 days Pathology-chronic vomiting (especially after meals), gastritis, weight loss Diagnosis-Baermann technique using vomitus may be useful, but diagnosis can be done by biopsy, endoscopy Treatment: Fenbendazole Strongyloides stercoralis Nematode of GI tract Free living Parasitic males do not exist Lives in the small intestines dogs (can be seen in cats) Infections is generally through penetration Transmammary infection Diagnosis if by direct smear Straight tail Need to make sure the fecal sample is fresh Zoonotic implications http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fkkwkMRssg o&NR=1 Aelurostrongylus abstrusus Nematode of respiratory tract Lung Parasite of cats Direct smear, fecal flotation, Baermann technique Diagnosis is by identifying the larvae S shaped bend and dorsal spine Infection is by eating snails or the paratenic host (mice , birds) Clinical signs-coughing dyspnea Nematode of respiratory tract Ingestion of earthworms Eucoleus (Capillaria ) aerophila Found in the trachea and bronchi of canines and felines Diagnosis by identifying the eggs found in fecal flotation Often confused with Trichuris sp. Eggs are smaller, rounder, and lighter in color than Trichuris http://www.k-state.edu/parasitology/625tuto rials/Nematodes02.html Canine lung parasite Filaroide s hirthi and osleri Direct lifecycle Easily transmitted especially in kennel situations Detection is by seeing larvae in feces and/or saliva/vomitus Filaroides osleri-has distinct kink at the end of the tail Thelazia californiensis Common name: Eyeworm Importance: May cause conjunctivitis, lacrimation, photophobia. Diagnosis: Eggs in lachrymal secretions. Parasites can be seen in conjunctival sac. Treatment: Surgical removal of worms from the conjunctival sac under local anesthesia Zoonotic potential but rare.