Osteology PDF
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Медицински университет Пловдив
Assoc. Prof. A. Baltadjiev
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Summary
This presentation covers the structure and composition of bones, discussing different types of bone tissue, growth, and blood supply. Diagrams and illustrations aid in understanding the material. The presentation is suitable for undergraduate-level biology and anatomy courses.
Full Transcript
Osteology Assoc. Prof. A. Baltadjiev Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology MU-Plovdiv Cartilagenous connective tissue Textus cartilagineus Cells – Chondroblasts, Chondrocytes, placed in gaps/lacuna/ Intercellular subs...
Osteology Assoc. Prof. A. Baltadjiev Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology MU-Plovdiv Cartilagenous connective tissue Textus cartilagineus Cells – Chondroblasts, Chondrocytes, placed in gaps/lacuna/ Intercellular substance/matrix/– organic substance: proteoglycans, glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, collagen and elastic fibers. Types cartilaginous tissue: 1. Hyalinе – articular surfaces 2. Elastic – auricle 3. Fibrous – intervertebral disks Bonе connective tissue Textus osseus Cells: osteoblasts, osteocytes/ lacuna/, osteoclasts. Intercellular substance: 70% inorganic substance /minerals – crystallin hydroxyapatite/, 20% organic substance /ossein/: proteoglycans и collagen fibers, 10% water. Types: 1. Substantia compacta /compact substance/ 2. Substantia spongiosa/spongy substance/ osteon –a structural unit of bones. Osteon Substantia compacta Model of diaphysis - External general plates - osteons - Internal general plates Substantia spongiosa Trabeculae ossea /bony beam/ Bone gaps /lacunae/ Red bone marrow Periosteum Stratum fibrosum /fibrous layer/ Stratum cambiale /inner osteogenic layer/ Endosteum Long bones Structure of long bones 1. Periosteum 2. Hyaline articular 1. Epiphysis cartilage 2. Diaphysis 3. Substantia 4. Metaphysis spongiosa 4. Canalis medullaris 5. Substantia compacta 6. Endosteum 7. Metaepyphisеal cartilage plate Short bones External layer of substantia compacta Internality- substantia spongiosa Short bones Wrist bones Foot bones Flat bones Skull vault/calvaria/ sternum Hip bones /ilium/ Flat bones Composition Substantia compacta Diploe Substantia compacta Blood supply Haversian system Bone development and growth Membrane /endesmal/ osteogenesis Bone development and growth Chondral osteogenesis Chondral/cartilaginous/ model Perihondral osteogenesis Enchondral osteogenesis Growth of bones By periosteum in width Growth of bones By metaepyphisial plate at length Recommended textbooks THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
