Organization & Management Lesson 1 PDF

Organization and Management Lesson 1 Managers and Managing What is Management?  Managers The people responsible for supervising the use of an organization’s resources to meet its goals  Management The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve or...

Organization and Management Lesson 1 Managers and Managing What is Management?  Managers The people responsible for supervising the use of an organization’s resources to meet its goals  Management The planning, organizing, leading, and controlling of human and other resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently Organizational Performance  Efficiency A measure of how well or how productively resources are used to achieve a goal  Effectiveness A measure of the appropriateness of the goals an organization is pursuing and the degree to which they are achieved. Why Study Management? 1. The more efficient and effective use of scarce resources that organizations make of those resources, the greater the relative well-being and prosperity of people in that society 2. Helps people deal with their bosses and coworkers 3. Opens a path to a well-paying job and a satisfying career 4. Four Tasks of Management Decisional Roles  Roles associated with methods managers use in planning strategy and utilizing resources └ Entrepreneur—deciding which new projects or programs to initiate and to invest resources in.  └ Disturbance handler—managing an unexpected event or crisis. └ Resource allocator—assigning resources between functions and divisions, setting the budgets of lower managers. └ Negotiator—reaching agreements between other managers, unions, customers, or shareholders. Interpersonal Roles  Roles that managers assume to provide direction and supervision to both employees and the organization as a whole └ Figurehead—symbolizing the organization’s mission and what it is seeking to achieve. └ Leader—training, counseling, and mentoring high employee performance. └ Liaison—linking and coordinating the activities of people and groups both inside and outside the organization. Informational Roles  Roles associated with the tasks needed to obtain and transmit information in the process of managing the organization. └ Monitor—analyzing information from both the internal and external environment. └ Disseminator—transmitting information to influence the attitudes and behavior of employees. └ Spokesperson—using information to positively influence the way people in and out of the organization respond to it. Levels of Managers  First-line managers └ responsible for the daily supervision of the nonmanagerial employees  Middle managers └ Supervises first-line managers └ responsible for finding the best way to use resources to achieve organizational goals  Top managers └ responsible for the performance of all departments └ establish organizational goals └ decide how different departments should interact └ monitor how well middle managers utilize resources to achieve goals Managerial Skills  Conceptual skills └ The ability to analyze and diagnose a situation and distinguish between cause and effect.  Human skills └ The ability to understand, alter, lead, and control the behavior of other individuals and groups.  Technical skills └ Job-specific skills required to perform a particular type of work or occupation at a high level. Recent Changes in Management Practices  global competition  and advances in information technology (IT). Restructuring and Outsourcing  Restructuring involves simplifying, shrinking, or downsizing an organization’s opera-tions to lower operating costs  Restructuring can be done by eliminating product teams, shrink-ing departments, and reducing levels in the hierarchy,  Outsourcing involves contracting with another company, usually in a low-cost country abroad, to have it perform a work activity the organization previously performed itself, such as manufacturing, marketing, or customer service.  Outsourcing increases efficiency because it lowers operating costs, freeing up money and resources that can be used in more effective ways Empowerment and Self-Managed Teams  Empowerment is a management technique that involves giving employees more authority and responsibility over how they perform their work activities.  self-managed team - a group of employees who assume collective responsibility for organizing, controlling, and supervising their own work activities. Challenges for Management in a Global Environment  The rise of global organizations , organizations that operate and compete in more than one country, has pressured many organizations to identify better ways to use their resources and improve their performance. Building Competitive Advantage  Competitive advantage is the ability of one organization to outperform other organizations because it produces desired goods or services more efficiently and effectively than its competitors. Building Blocks of Competitive Advantage Reference:  George, J., Jones, G. (2011). Contemporary Management: McGraw-Hill Education: 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121