Object Oriented Programming - Lecture 1

Objected Oriented Programming INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING & OOP OVERVIEW Department of Information Technologies University of Haripur  Objected Oriented Programming WHAT IS A PROGRAM? A program i...

Objected Oriented Programming INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING & OOP OVERVIEW Department of Information Technologies University of Haripur  Objected Oriented Programming WHAT IS A PROGRAM? A program is a set of instructions given to a computer to perform a specific task. It takes input, processes it, and gives an output. Example: A calculator app that adds two numbers. Department of Information Technologies University of Haripur  Objected Oriented Programming WHAT IS A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE?  Set of words and symbols used to write a program  A programming language is a formal way to write programs that a computer can understand.  Communication between users and computers. Types of programming languages:  1️⃣Low-Level Languages (Close to hardware and far from human)  2️⃣High-Level Languages (Easier for humans to understand) Department of Information Technologies University of Haripur  Objected Oriented Programming WHAT IS A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE? Low-Level Programming High-Level Programming Languages Languages 1️⃣Machine Language Written in English-like syntax for Instructions are written in binary forms better readability. Binary code (0s and 1s). Needs a compiler or interpreter to Directly executed by the computer. run. Example: 10101101 11000011. Examples: C, C++, Java, Python. 1️⃣Procedural Languages – Focus 2️⃣Assembly Language on step-by-step instructions (C, One step higher than machine. Pascal). Uses symbols and mnemonics instead of 0s and 1s. 2️⃣Object-Oriented Languages – Needs an Assembler to convert it into Use objects & classes to model machine language. real-world scenarios (C++, Java, Example: MOV AX, 5. Python). Department of Information Technology University of Haripur  Objected Oriented Programming WHAT IS A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE? Department of Information Technologies University of Haripur  Objected Oriented Programming DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LOW-LEVEL & HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGES Low-Level Language High-Level Language Hard to learn and understand Easy to write & read Far from human language Near to human language Fast (directly executed) Slightly slower (needs translation) Used to write hardware programs Used to write Application programs Machine code, Assembly C, C++, Java, Python Department of Information Technologies University of Haripur  Objected Oriented Programming TYPES OF CODES  1️⃣Source Code  Program written in high-level language  The original code written by a programmer (C++, Java, etc.).  Also known as source program  Cannot executed directly  2️⃣Object Code  The program is machine language is called object code/machine code.  The translated version that the machine can understand.  Computers understand it directly.  Example:  Source Code: cout