Nutrition Care Process PDF

Nutrition Care Process Nutrition Care Process  Is a systematic approach to providing high-quality nutrition care. Steps of Nutrition Process: 1. Nutrition Assessment 2. Nutrition Diagnosis 3. Nutrition Intervention 4. Nutrition Monitoring 5. Evaluation Nutrition Assessment:...

Nutrition Care Process Nutrition Care Process  Is a systematic approach to providing high-quality nutrition care. Steps of Nutrition Process: 1. Nutrition Assessment 2. Nutrition Diagnosis 3. Nutrition Intervention 4. Nutrition Monitoring 5. Evaluation Nutrition Assessment: collecting and documenting information such as food or nutrition-related history; biochemical data, medical tests and procedures; anthropometric measurements, nutrition-focused physical findings, and client history. Nutrition Assessment:  Categories of Nutritional Assessment: 1. Food and Nutrition related History  Food and nutrient intake  Food and nutrient administration  Medications  Knowledge and food beliefs  Food availability  Physical activity  Quality of life 2. Anthropometric measurements:  Height  Weight  Body mass index(kg/m2)  Growth pattern  Weight history 3. Biochemical data, medical tests, and procedures:  Laboratory data(eg. electrolytes, glucose)  Laboratory tests(eg. Gastric emptying time and resting metabolic rate, cholesterol level) 4.Nutrition Focused Physical Findings:  Physical Appearance  muscle fat wasting  swallow function  appetite 5. Client History Personal history Medical history Family history Social history Nutrition Diagnosis and Plan of Care: Nutrition Diagnosis identifies the specific nutrition problem that can be resolved through treatment and nutrition intervention. Record the nutrition diagnoses as a problem, etiology, and signs and symptoms(PES). The format for each PES statement is: Nutrition diagnosis term(problem) related to (etiology) as evidenced by(signs and symptoms). Problem or Nutrition Diagnosis Term Describes the alterations in client’s nutritional status. Example: deficient, insufficient, altered, excessive etc. Etiology  Etiology is the cause or reason for the problem.  The nutrition intervention should be aimed at resolving the etiology. There is no incorrect etiology statement, but it should include these general points:  Etiology is the “root cause” of Nutrition Diagnosis.  The Nutrition Intervention should aim to resolve or at least attempt to improve the Etiology.  The Etiology is supported by the nutrition assessment data. Signs and Symptoms:  Signs- are objective data obtained through direct physical examination, observation, lab values, and test results.  Symptoms- are the subjective data reported by the client or the client’s family.  Example of Nutrition Diagnosis: 1. Inadequate oral intake related to the difficulty of swallowing as evidenced by the refusal of meals and supplements and unintentional weight loss of 3% in one week. 2. Severe Malnutrition related to decreased appetite and taste change secondary to current chemotherapy as evidenced by severe loss of subcutaneous fat and severe muscle mass loss. Nutrition Intervention: A nutrition intervention helps in resolving and improving the nutrition diagnosis or the nutrition problem. Nutrition Problems and needs  This refers to a condition when an individual’s body experiences a shortage of essential nutrients or some specific nutrient. The major nutrition problems include: 1. Maternal Nutritional Anemia 2. Protein-energy malnutrition 3. Vitamin A Deficiency 4. Lactation failure 5. Inadequate preparation and use of artificial milk products.  Nutrition intervention strategies are selected to change nutritional intake, nutrition-related knowledge or behavior, environmental conditions, or access to supportive care and services. Nutrition intervention goals provide the basis for monitoring progress and measuring outcomes. Food and Nutrient Delivery This is the most commonly used domain for nutrition interventions, and it entails an individual approach to providing food or nutrients to the patient. Domains of Food and Nutrient Delivery Classes in this domain:  Meals and Snacks  Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition  Nutrition Supplements  Feeding Assistance  Nutrition-Related Medication Management Food Administration  Oral Nutritional Supplements(ONS)are nutrition support products that provide a non-invasive way for people to meet their nutrition needs.  Enteral Nutrition is nutrition administered via the gastrointestinal tract.  Parenteral Nutrition is the intravenous administration of nutrients into a vein.  Short-term enteral access is a tube placed into the nares.  Long-term enteral access is generally required for individuals who cannot consume or tolerate foods for an extended period. Nutritional Problem A nutritional problem or deficiency refers to a condition when an individual's body experiences a shortage of essential nutrients or some specific nutrient. Nutrition Problems and Needs  Major Nutritional Problems include: 1. Maternal nutritional anemia 2. Protein-energy malnutrition 3. Vitamin A deficiency 4. Lactation failure 5. Inadequatepreparation and use of artificial milk products  There are seven main classes of nutrients that the body needs. These are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fiber and water. It is important that everyone consumes these seven nutrients on a daily basis to help them build their bodies and maintain their health. Thank you!!