Nursing Theories PowerPoint PDF

Nursing Goo Theories d  Biography of Hildegard E.  𝑯𝒊𝒍𝒅𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒓𝒅 Peplau 𝑬𝒍𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒉 𝑷𝒆𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒖 𝑴𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉 17, 1999) 𝒘𝒂𝒔 (𝑺𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 1, 1909 – 𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒏𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒆 𝒘𝒉𝒐 𝒊𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒐𝒏𝒍𝒚 𝒐𝒏𝒆 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑨𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝑵𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝑨𝒔𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝑨𝑵𝑨) 𝒂𝒔 𝑬𝒙𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝑫𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒂𝒏𝒅  Biography...

Nursing Goo Theories d  Biography of Hildegard E.  𝑯𝒊𝒍𝒅𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒓𝒅 Peplau 𝑬𝒍𝒊𝒛𝒂𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒉 𝑷𝒆𝒑𝒍𝒂𝒖 𝑴𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒉 17, 1999) 𝒘𝒂𝒔 (𝑺𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒆𝒓 1, 1909 – 𝒂𝒏 𝑨𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝒏𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒆 𝒘𝒉𝒐 𝒊𝒔 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒐𝒏𝒍𝒚 𝒐𝒏𝒆 𝒕𝒐 𝒔𝒆𝒓𝒗𝒆 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝑨𝒎𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒏 𝑵𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒆𝒔 𝑨𝒔𝒔𝒐𝒄𝒊𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 (𝑨𝑵𝑨) 𝒂𝒔 𝑬𝒙𝒆𝒄𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝑫𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒂𝒏𝒅  Biography of Hildegard E. Peplau  Peplau was well- known for her Theory of Interpersonal Relations, which helped to revolutionize nurses’ scholarly work. Her achievements are valued by nurses worldwide and became known to  Major Concepts of the Health is defined as “a Interpersonal word symbol that Relations Theory implies forward Man movement of Peplau defines man personality and as an organism that other ongoing "strives in its own human processes in way to reduce the direction of tension generated creative, by needs." constructive,  Major Concepts Society or Environment of the Although Peplau Interpersonal does not directly Relations Theory address Nursing society/environment, Hildegard Peplau she does encourage considers nursing to the nurse to be a “significant, consider the therapeutic, patient’s culture and interpersonal mores when the process.” patient adjusts to Four Phases of the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship: 1. Orientation Phase The nurse's orientation phase involves engaging the client in treatment, providing explanations and  Four Phases of the therapeutic nurse-patient 2. relationship: Identification Phase The identification phase begins when the client works interdependently with the nurse,  Four Phases of the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship: 3. Exploitation Phase In the exploitation phase, the client makes full use of the services offered.  Four Phases of the therapeutic nurse-patient relationship: 4. Resolution Phase In the resolution phase, the client no longer needs professional services and gives up dependent behavior. The  Strengths Weaknesses Peplau’s theory helped later Though Peplau nursing stressed the theorists and nurse-client clinicians relationship as develop more the foundation of therapeutic nursing interventions practice, health regarding the roles that show promotion and the dynamic maintenance character were less Conclusion Peplau’s theory has proved greatly used to later nurse theorists and clinicians in developing more sophisticated and therapeutic nursing interventions, including the seven nursing roles, which show the “Deliber ative Nursing Process Theory.”  Orlando’s Deliberative Biography of Ida Jean Nursing Process Theory Orlando  Ida Jean Orlando Ida Jean Orlando- Pelletier (August 12, 1926 developed – November 28, 2007) her Deliberative was an internationally Nursing Process that known psychiatric health allows nurses to nurse, theorist, and formulate an effective researcher who nursing care plan that developed the “Deliberative Nursing can also be easily Process Theory.” Her adapted when and if theory allows nurses to any complexity comes create an up with the patient. effective nursing care  Major Concepts The nursing metaparadigm Health consists of four In Orlando’s concepts: person, environment, health, theory, health and nursing. is replaced by Human Being Orlando uses the a sense of concept of human as helplessness as she emphasizes the initiator of individuality and the dynamic nature of the a necessity for nurse-patient nursing. Environment Nursing Orlando completely Orlando speaks of disregarded the environment in her nursing as unique theory, only and independent focusing on the in its concerns for patient’s immediate an individual’s need, chiefly the need for help in relationship and actions between the an immediate nurse and the situation. patient (only an individual in her  5 Stages of the Deliberative Assessment In the assessment Nursing Process stage, the nurse completes a The Deliberative holistic Nursing Process assessment of the has five patient’s needs. stages: assessme This is done nt, diagnosis, without taking the reason for the planning, encounter into implementation, consideration.  Planning Diagnosis The planning stage addresses each of The diagnosis the problems identified in the stage uses diagnosis. Each the nurse’s problem is given a clinical specific goal or outcome, and each judgment goal or outcome is about health given nursing Implementatio Evaluation Finally, in the n evaluation stage, In the the nurse looks at the patient’s implementat progress toward ion stage, the goals set in the nursing care plan. the nurse Changes can be made to the begins using nursing care plan Analysis Strength It uplifts the The guarantee that integrity of patients will be treated individualized as individuals is very much applied in nursing care. Orlando’s theory of the This strengthens the Deliberative Nursing role of the nurse as Process. Each patient an independent will have an active and nurse advocate for constant input into their the patient. own care. The assertion of The nurse-patient nursing’s independence interaction’s as a profession and her dynamic concept was belief that this Weaknesses Conclusion The The lack of operational Deliberative definitions of Nursing society or Process helps environment nurses achieve was evident, more limiting the successful development of patient  Joyce Travelbee (1926-1973) developed the Human-to-Human Relationship Model presented in her book Interpersonal Aspects of Nursing (1966, 1971). She dealt with the interpersonal aspects of nursing. A psychiatric nurse, educator and writer DESCRIPTION OF THE THEORY Travelbee believed nursing is accomplished through human-to-human relationships that begin with the original encounter and then progress through stages of emerging identities, developing feelings of Travelbee's ideas have greatly influenced the hospice movement in the west. It has five phases. 1.The inaugural meeting or original encounter 2.Visibility of personal identities/ emerging identities. 3.Empathy 4.Sympathy 5.Establishing mutual understanding and contact/ rapport. Biography of Lydia E. 𝐿𝓎𝒹𝒾𝒶 𝐻𝒶𝓁𝓁’𝓈: Hall 𝒞𝒶𝓇𝑒, 𝒞𝑜𝓇𝑒, 𝒞𝓊𝓇𝑒 Lydia Eloise Hall (September 21, 1906 – February 27, 1969) was 𝐿𝓎𝒹𝒾𝒶 𝐻𝒶𝓁𝓁’𝓈: 𝒞𝒶𝓇𝑒, 𝒞𝑜𝓇𝑒, 𝒞𝓊𝓇𝑒𝑵𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒚, 𝒊𝒏 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆 𝒘𝒊𝒕𝒉 a nursing theorist who 𝑳𝒚𝒅𝒊𝒂 𝑯𝒂𝒍𝒍, 𝒊𝒔 developed the Care, 𝒏𝒐𝒕𝒉𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒉𝒐𝒓𝒕 𝒐𝒇 Cure, Core model of 𝒓𝒆𝒗𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏𝒂𝒓𝒚. 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 nursing. Her theory 1960𝒔, 𝒔𝒉𝒆 𝒑𝒖𝒕 𝒅𝒐𝒘𝒏, 𝒊𝒏 defined Nursing as “a participation in care, 𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒐𝒘𝒏 𝒔𝒊𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆 𝒘𝒐𝒓𝒅𝒔, 𝒉𝒆𝒓 𝒕𝒉𝒐𝒖𝒈𝒉𝒕𝒔 𝒂𝒃𝒐𝒖𝒕 𝒏𝒖𝒓𝒔𝒊𝒏𝒈. 𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒔𝒆 core and cure aspects of 𝒍𝒆𝒂𝒅 𝒕𝒐 𝒕𝒉𝒆 patient care, where CARE is the sole  Abdellah’s 21 Biography of Faye Nursing Problems Glenn Abdellah Theory 1. To maintain good hygiene Faye Glenn Abdellah and physical comfort. (March 13, 1919 – 2. To promote optimal activity: present) is a nursing exercise, rest, sleep 3. To promote safety by research pioneer who preventing accidents, developed the injuries, or other trauma “Twenty-One Nursing and preventing the spread of infection. Problems.” Her 4. To maintain good body nursing model was mechanics and prevent and progressive for the correct the deformity. 5. To facilitate the time in that it refers to maintenance of a supply of a nursing diagnosis oxygen to all body cells. during a time in which 6. To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition nurses were taught 8. To facilitate the maintenance 15.To promote the development of fluid and electrolyte of productive interpersonal balance. relationships. 9. To recognize the physiologic 16.To facilitate progress toward responses of the body to achievement and personal disease conditions— spiritual goals. pathologic, physiologic, and 17.To create or maintain a compensatory. therapeutic environment. 10.To facilitate the maintenance 18.To facilitate awareness of self of regulatory mechanisms as an individual with varying and functions. physical, emotional, and 11.To facilitate the maintenance developmental needs. of sensory function. 19.To accept the optimum 12.To identify and accept possible goals in the light of positive and negative limitations, physical and expressions, feelings, and emotional. reactions. 20.To use community resources 13.To identify and accept as an aid in resolving problems interrelatedness of emotions that arise from an illness. and organic illness. ꜱᴛʀᴇɴɢᴛʜꜱ 𝘞𝘦𝘢𝘬𝘯𝘦𝘴𝘴𝘦𝘴 ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ-ꜱᴏʟᴠɪɴɢ 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘮𝘢𝘫 𝘰𝘳 𝘭 𝘪 𝘮𝘪 𝘵 𝘢𝘵 𝘪 𝘰𝘯 𝘵𝘰 ᴀᴘᴘʀᴏᴀᴄʜ ɪꜱ ʀᴇᴀᴅɪʟʏ 𝘈𝘣𝘥𝘦𝘭 𝘭 𝘢𝘩'𝘴 𝘵 𝘩𝘦𝘰𝘳 𝘺 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘵 𝘩𝘦 21 ɢᴇɴᴇʀᴀʟɪᴢᴀʙʟᴇ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ 𝘯𝘶𝘳 𝘴𝘪 𝘯𝘨 𝘱𝘳 𝘰𝘣𝘭 𝘦𝘮𝘴 𝘪 𝘴 : ᴄʟɪᴇɴᴛ ᴡɪᴛʜ ꜱᴘᴇᴄɪꜰɪᴄ 𝘚𝘩𝘦 𝘳 𝘢𝘵 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘤𝘦𝘱𝘵 𝘶𝘢𝘭 𝘪 𝘻𝘦𝘥 ʜᴇᴀʟᴛʜ ɴᴇᴇᴅꜱ ᴀɴᴅ 𝘯𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘴' 𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯𝘴 𝘪𝘯 𝘯𝘶𝘳𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘤𝘢𝘳 𝘦 𝘸𝘩𝘪 𝘤𝘩 𝘪 𝘴 𝘤𝘰𝘯𝘵 𝘳 𝘢𝘳 𝘺 𝘵 𝘰 ꜱᴘᴇᴄɪꜰɪᴄ ɴᴜʀꜱɪɴɢ 𝘩𝘦𝘳 𝘢𝘪 𝘮. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘭 𝘢𝘤𝘬 𝘰𝘧 𝘦𝘮𝘱𝘩𝘢𝘴𝘪 𝘴 ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍꜱ. ᴛʜᴇ 𝘰𝘯 𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘤𝘭𝘪𝘦𝘯𝘵 𝘪𝘴 𝘵𝘰 ʟᴀɴɢᴜᴀɢᴇ ᴏꜰ ꜰᴀʏᴇ 𝘢𝘤𝘩𝘪 𝘦𝘷𝘦 𝘸𝘢𝘴 𝘨𝘪 𝘷𝘦𝘯 𝘪 𝘯 𝘤𝘭 𝘪 𝘦𝘯𝘵 ᴀʙᴅᴇʟʟᴀʜ'ꜱ ꜰʀᴀᴍᴇᴡᴏʀᴋ 𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘦. 𝘛𝘩𝘦 𝘧𝘳𝘢𝘮𝘦𝘸𝘰𝘳𝘬 𝘴𝘦𝘦𝘮𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘧𝘰𝘤𝘶𝘴 ɪꜱ ꜱɪᴍᴘʟᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴇᴀꜱʏ ᴛᴏ 𝘲𝘶𝘪 𝘵 𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘷𝘪 𝘭 𝘺 𝘰𝘯 𝘯𝘶𝘳 𝘴𝘪 𝘯𝘨 ᴄᴏᴍᴘʀᴇʜᴇɴᴅ. 𝘱𝘳𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘤𝘦 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘪𝘯𝘥𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘥𝘶𝘢𝘭𝘴. ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜᴇᴏʀᴇᴛɪᴄᴀʟ 𝘛𝘩𝘪𝘴 𝘴𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘸𝘩𝘢𝘵 𝘭𝘪𝘮𝘪𝘵𝘴 𝘵𝘩𝘦 ꜱᴛᴀᴛᴇᴍᴇɴᴛ ɢʀᴇᴀᴛʟʏ 𝘨𝘦𝘯𝘦𝘳𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘻𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘣𝘪𝘭𝘪𝘵𝘺, ꜰᴏᴄᴜꜱᴇꜱ ᴏɴ ᴘʀᴏʙʟᴇᴍ- 𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘩𝘰𝘶𝘨𝘩 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘣𝘭𝘦𝘮- ꜱᴏʟᴠɪɴɢ, ᴀɴ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ 𝘴𝘰𝘭𝘷𝘪𝘯𝘨 𝘢𝘱𝘱𝘳𝘰𝘢𝘤𝘩 𝘪𝘴 𝘳𝘦𝘢𝘥𝘪𝘭𝘺  Biography of Virginia Henderson Virginia Avenel Henderson (November 30, 1897 – March 19, 1996) was a nurse, theorist, and author known for her Need Theory and defining nursing as: “The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge.” Henderson is also known as “The First Lady of  Major Concepts of Virginia the Nursing Need Henderson’s Theory Need Theory Individual Virginia Henderson Henderson states developed the that individuals Nursing Need Theory to define the unique have basic health focus of nursing needs and require practice. assistance to Henderson’s theory achieve health and emphasizes the basic independence or a human needs and peaceful death. Environment Although the Need Health Theory did not explicitly define Although not the environment, explicitly defined in Henderson stated Henderson’s that maintaining a theory, health was supportive taken to mean environment balance in all conducive to realms of human health is one of life. Nursing Virginia Henderson wrote her definition of nursing before the development of theoretical nursing. She defined nursing as “the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its  Nola Pender’s Biography of Health Promotion Nola J. Pender Model Nola J. Pender (1941– The Health Promotion present) is a nursing Model notes that each theorist who developed person has unique the Health Promotion personal Model in 1982. She is also an author and a characteristics and professor emeritus of experiences that nursing at the affect subsequent University of Michigan. actions. The set of Pender has been named a Living Legend variables for of the American behavioral specific  Health protection or illness prevention is Major Concepts of described as behavior the Health motivated desire to Promotion Model actively avoid illness, detect it early, or Health promotion is maintain functioning within illness defined as constraints. behavior motivated by the Individual desire to increase characteristics and well-being and experiences actualize human (prior related behavior and personal factors).  𝕊𝕦𝕓 𝕔𝕠𝕟𝕔𝕖𝕡𝕥𝕤 𝕠𝕗 𝕥𝕙𝕖 Behavior-specific ℍ𝕖𝕒𝕝𝕥𝕙 ℙ𝕣𝕠𝕞𝕠𝕥𝕚𝕠𝕟 𝕄𝕠𝕕𝕖𝕝 cognitions and affect ℙ𝕖𝕣𝕤𝕠𝕟𝕒𝕝 𝔽𝕒𝕔𝕥𝕠𝕣𝕤 (perceived benefits of Personal biological action, perceived factors barriers to action, Include variables such as perceived self-efficacy, age, gender, body mass activity-related affect, index, pubertal status, aerobic capacity, strength, interpersonal agility, or balance. influences, and Personal psychological factors situational influences). Includes variables such as self-esteem, self-motivation, Behavioral outcomes personal competence, (commitment to a plan perceived health status, and of action, immediate definition of health. competing demands  Personal psychological factors Include variables such as self-esteem, self- motivation, personal competence, perceived health status, and definition Personalofsocio-cultural health. factors Include variables such as race, ethnicity, acculturation, education, and socioeconomic status.  Biography of Madeleine Leininger Madeleine Leininger (July 13, 1925 – August 10, 2012) was an internationally known educator, author, theorist, administrator, researcher, consultant, public speaker, and the developer of the concept of transcultural nursing that has a great impact on how to deal  Culture Care Culture Culture is learned, Culture care is defined shared, and as the subjectively and transmitted objectively learned and transmitted values, beliefs, values, beliefs, and norms, and patterned lifeways lifeways of a that assist, support, particular group facilitate, or enable that guides their another individual or group to maintain thinking, their well-being, decisions, and health, improve their  Culture Care Culture Care Universality Diversity Culture care Culture care diversity indicates universality indicates the variabilities the common, similar, and/or differences in or dominant uniform meanings, patterns, care meanings, values, lifeways, or patterns, values, symbols of care lifeways, or symbols within or between manifest among collectives related to many cultures and assistive, reflect assistive, supportive, or Culture Shock Cultural Imposition Culture shock may Cultural imposition result when an refers to the outsider attempts to outsider’s efforts, comprehend or adapt both subtle and effectively to a not so subtle, to different cultural impose their own group. The outsider is likely to experience cultural values, feelings of discomfort beliefs, behaviors and helplessness and upon an individual, some degree of family, or group disorientation from another  Leininger’s Transcultural Major Concepts of the Nursing Theory Transcultural Nursing Theory In 1995, Madeleine Transcultural Nursing Leininger defined Transcultural nursing is transcultural nursing as “a defined as a learned substantive area of study subfield or branch of and practiced focused on nursing that focuses comparative cultural care (caring) values, beliefs, upon the comparative and practices of study and analysis of individuals or groups of cultures concerning similar or different nursing and health- cultures to provide illness caring practices, culture-specific and beliefs, and values to universal nursing care provide meaningful and practices in promoting efficacious nursing care health or well-being or to  Nursing Nursing is defined as a Ethno nursing learned humanistic and This is the study of scientific profession and nursing care beliefs, discipline which is focused values, and practices as on human care cognitively perceived phenomena and activities and known by a to assist, support, facilitate, or enable designated culture individuals or groups to through their direct maintain or regain their experience, beliefs, and well-being (or health) in value system (Leininger, culturally meaningful and 1979). beneficial ways, or to help people face handicaps or  Cultural Congruent (Nursing) Care Professional Nursing Care Cultural congruent (Caring) (nursing) care is Professional nursing care defined as those (caring) is defined as cognitively based formal and cognitively assistive, supportive, learned professional care facilitative, or enabling knowledge and practice acts or decisions that skills obtained through educational institutions are tailor-made to fit that are used to provide with the individual, assistive, supportive, group, or institutional, enabling, or facilitative cultural values, beliefs, acts to or for another and lifeways to provide individual or group to or support meaningful,  Human Beings Such are believed to be Health caring and capable of It is a state of well- being concerned about being that is others’ needs, well- being, and survival. culturally defined, Leininger also indicates valued, and that nursing as a caring practiced. It reflects science should focus individuals’ (or beyond traditional groups) ‘ ability to nurse-patient perform their daily interactions and dyads role activities in to include families, groups, communities, culturally expressed, Society and Worldview Environment Worldview is how Leininger did not people look at the define these terms; world, or the she speaks instead universe, and form of worldview, social a “picture or value structure, and stance” about the environmental world and their context. lives. Strengths Leininger has Weakness developed the Sunrise The theory and Model in a logical order to demonstrate the model are not interrelationships of the simple in terms. concepts in her theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality. Leininger’s theory is essentially parsimonious in that the necessary concepts are incorporated in such a manner that the theory On e