Nursing Science - Digestion.docx

**Nursing Science - Digestion** **Why does bile's contribution to lipid digestion,** **describe the process and functions that occur in response to digestion?** Bile is a fluid produced by the liver that helps to break down lipids in the small intestine. It is stored in the gallbladder and release...

**Nursing Science - Digestion** **Why does bile's contribution to lipid digestion,** **describe the process and functions that occur in response to digestion?** Bile is a fluid produced by the liver that helps to break down lipids in the small intestine. It is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine when needed to aid in the digestion of fats. **What is the significance of pancreatic juice? Describe the process and functions that occur in response to digestion?** Pancreatic juice is a fluid produced by the pancreas that contains enzymes that help to break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in the small intestine. It is released into the small intestine when food is present in the stomach. **Describe the actions of the enteric nervous system & the nerves involved in this system and how the process and functions that occur in response to digestion?** The enteric nervous system is a network of nerves that controls the gastrointestinal system. It is responsible for regulating digestion, absorption, and elimination of food. **What happens from at the beginning in the oral cavity and ending with final breakdown of carbohydrates degestion?** Carbohydrate digestion begins in the oral cavity, where enzymes in saliva break down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars. The food is then swallowed and passes through the esophagus into the stomach, Where it is mixed with stomach acid and further broken down. The partially digested food then enters the small intestine Where enzymes produced by the pancreas and bile produced by the liver complete the breakdown of carbohydrates into monosaccharides Which are then absorbed into the bloodstream. The polysaccharide produced by plants that the body cannot digest but is useful to the body because of its function associated with adding bulk to faeces is called cellulose. Name the proteins that the body cannot manufacture essential amino acids. Which vitamins are likely to cause deficiencies: water or fat soluble? Water-soluble. Some micronutrients called minerals are only required in small amounts, these include copper, fluoride, iodine, iron. These minerals are classified/named minerals. The teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas are not part of the digestive tract, therefore they are called accessory organs. Peristalsis is best described as the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine that propels the contents forward. Teeth begin to appear at approx. 6 months of age. These are replaced by 'milk teeth'. The correct name for milk teeth is: deciduous teeth. Hydrochloric acid is found in the stomach, secreted (in the stomach) by parietal cells. Hydrochloric acid (in the stomach) activates pepsinogen into pepsin. This conversion is needed for the digestion of proteins. Brush Border Enzymes ensure the digestion of carbohydrates. What is secreted by the liver & needed for the mechanical breakdown lipids/fats so that they can be chemically digested? Bile. What is manufactured in the large intestine necessary for clotting: Vitamin K.