NSW Boating Handbook PDF

Transport for NSW Boating Handbook Contents Staying safe on NSW waterways 4 Lifejackets and safety equipment 30 Marine safety rules When to wear a lifejacket 31 and regulations 5 Carrying lifejackets 37 Ab...

Transport for NSW Boating Handbook Contents Staying safe on NSW waterways 4 Lifejackets and safety equipment 30 Marine safety rules When to wear a lifejacket 31 and regulations 5 Carrying lifejackets 37 About Transport for NSW 6 Approved types of lifejacket 37 Types of vessels 7 Children and lifejackets 40 Parts of a vessel 8 Dog lifejackets 41 General maritime terms 9 Looking after your lifejacket 42 Licences and registration 10 Essential safety equipment 46 Safety equipment checklist 52 Getting your boat licence 11 Recommended Getting your PWC licence 16 safety equipment 57 Licence restrictions for drivers aged under 16 18 Be prepared 58 Renewing your licence 19 Before you go on the water 59 Changing your details 19 Checking the weather 64 Interstate and overseas Loading your vessel 67 licences 19 Maintaining your vessel 69 Driving without a licence 20 Registering a vessel 21 Rules72 Transferring registration 25 Proper lookout 73 Using a vessel commercially 26 Giving way 76 Hiring a vessel 29 Overtaking 81 Avoiding collision 82 Channels and rivers 82 Safe distance 83 Safe speed 86 Alcohol limits 88 People on board 90 Wash 92 2  Contents Towing94 Emergencies and incidents 142 Towing a person 95 Alerting search and Towing a trailer 101 rescue services 143 If you’re involved in an incident 145 Navigation marks, Fire 147 lights and sounds 102 Carbon monoxide and Navigation marks 103 gas leaks 149 Lights to display on your vessel 110 Person overboard 151 Identifying vessels at night 116 Cold water and hypothermia 153 Sound signals 121 Capsizing and swamping 156 Propeller strikes 158 Waterways and designated areas 122 Protecting the environment 160 Open waters 123 Enclosed waters 127 Waste and sewage disposal 161 Coastal bars 129 Protecting marine life 162 Alpine waters 132 Marine mammals 165 Sydney Harbour 133 Noise 167 Exclusion and restriction zones 136 Index168 Mooring and anchoring 138 COVER: The joy of boating on NSW waterways. Wagonga Head and Wagonga Inlet, Narooma. Destination NSW photo. 3 Staying safe on NSW waterways The NSW Boating Handbook is all the questions in the General Boat for everyone using NSW waterways. Licence Knowledge Test and PWC Whether you’re a newcomer or an Licence Knowledge Test. It also experienced skipper, being safe provides practical information about on the water is a responsibility we vessel registration. all share. The NSW Government is committed The handbook is designed to help to reducing fatalities and serious you understand the key rules to injuries on NSW waterways. keep you and everyone else safe. Certain behaviours and factors are It’s essential reading for anyone commonly linked to incidents on the without experience of being on the water. Avoiding these behaviours and water. It aims to prepare you for making better decisions will reduce the challenges and reduce your risk. your risk. For those more experienced, it’s Always wear a lifejacket – it can a useful guide for refreshing your only save your life if you are knowledge and checking the rules wearing it for any recent changes. It helps you Check the weather before you go understand your responsibilities – and when you’re out, and take extra from giving way and towing to safe care in cold water distance and speed. Always travel at a safe speed You’ll find helpful information on and keep a look out for others how to prepare for a safe day on Know your limitations, and those of the water. This includes checklists your vessel. Head out with others for essential safety equipment, whenever possible rules for wearing a lifejacket, and Avoid alcohol and illegal drugs what to do in an emergency. when boating. The handbook also outlines how to Your behaviour and decisions on the safely dispose of waste and minimise water are an essential part of making your impact on marine animals and our waterways safer and more plants. Following these rules helps enjoyable for everyone. protect our waterways. The handbook is the main resource to get your boat licence and personal watercraft (PWC) licence. It covers 4  Introduction Lifejacket wear rules apply on NSW waterways. See the safety equipment chapter for full details. Marine safety rules and regulations The Boating Handbook covers including keeping a look out, the main rules for using NSW travelling at a safe speed, and how to waterways. It’s not intended to travel in narrow channels. They also cover all the laws and regulations. include requirements for travelling in See the Marine Safety Act 1998 restricted visibility, including lights, and Marine Safety Regulation 2016 shapes and signals used to prevent at legislation.nsw.gov.au collisions. This handbook provides a summary of these rules. As the skipper, you must be aware of the International Regulations This handbook explains the rules for Preventing Collisions at Sea using plain English. The words ‘must’ (COLREGS). These regulations apply or ‘must not’ are used for rules that in NSW and are modified through you have to follow. the Marine Safety Regulation 2016. The COLREGS outline internationally agreed rules for safe navigation. These include give way rules and other requirements for safe conduct, 5 When you break a rule, you not Laws change, so make sure you only put the safety of yourself always have the most recent version and others at risk, it’s an offence of this handbook. You can download and you can get a fine. For serious the latest copy or view it online at or repeat offences, you can lose ‘Safety and rules’ at nsw.gov.au your licence and your vessel can be taken away. See ‘Offences and For definitions of the common penalties’ at nsw.gov.au terms used in this book, see Maritime terms. About Transport for NSW Transport for NSW leads the Responding to marine pollution development of a safe, efficient, incidents, including maintaining integrated transport system that a clean and safe Sydney Harbour keeps people and goods moving, Managing grants for connects communities and shapes the recreational boating the future of our cities, centres infrastructure program. and regions. The Centre for Maritime Safety The Maritime branch of Transport branch of Transport for NSW is for NSW is the state’s maritime responsible for improving waterway safety regulator for commercial safety, access and sustainability for and recreational vessels and all NSW waterway users. their operators. Responsibilities include: Responsibilities include: Setting goals for reducing Providing recreational and boating trauma, including the commercial boating safety ‘Towards Zero’ vision for zero regulation, enforcement fatalities and serious injuries and education on NSW waterways by 2056 Implementing boating safety Developing maritime strategies and policies and plans policies to enhance boating safety, Installing and maintaining access and sustainability based on marine aids to navigation the latest available evidence across NSW waterways Developing evidence-based Preserving and protecting education resources and the maritime environment campaigns to promote safe for all waterway users waterway use. 6  Introduction Maritime terms The Boating Handbook uses is useful when you’re on the water specialised maritime terminology. and can help you understand and A working knowledge of these terms follow the rules. Types of vessels The handbook uses specific compartment. For example, jet ski or terminology to refer to vessels. jet‑powered surfboard. Vessel: Any vessel used as Paddlecraft: Vessel that you transport on the water. Includes paddle – for example, kayaks, canoes powered vessels, sailing vessels, and surf skis. paddlecraft and rowing vessels. Does not include surfboards, Rowing vessel: Vessel that you row – stand-up paddle boards, towed for example, rowing shells and skiffs, equipment – for example, water dragon boats, rowing boats, rowing skis, inflatable tubes or rafts – dinghies and small inflatable boats. or swimming equipment. Tender: Vessel used to transport Powered vessel: Vessel with an people and goods between its engine – for example, powerboats, parent vessel and the shore, or sailing boats using an engine and another vessel. It is less than 7.5m personal watercraft (PWC). long and doesn’t operate further than 1 nautical mile from the Sailing vessel: Any vessel using a parent vessel. sail for power. For example sailing boats without an engine or with an Skipper: The person in charge engine (but not using it), off-the- of a recreational vessel, whether beach sailing boats, sailboards driving or not. Often referred to and kiteboards. as the master. Personal watercraft (PWC): Driver: The person driving a vessel. Vessel with a fully enclosed hull Often referred to as the operator. that you drive standing up, lying down, sitting astride or kneeling. It uses waterjet propulsion and has an engine in a watertight 7 Parts of a vessel Stern Pulpit Bow Topsides Gunwale Cleat Pulpit Cockpit Waterline Console Wheel Deck Chine Transom house Bottom Starboard Port Starboard (Right side) (Left side) (Right side) Cabin Cockpit trunk Transom Depth Freeboard Stern Waterline Deck Draft Bow Length overall Towards the front of the boat is known as the bow, the back end is known as the stern. Beam: The widest part of a vessel. Cockpit: A lowered space in the deck of a boat where people can stand Bilge: Inside the bottom of a vessel’s or sit. hull where water collects. Console: Where controls are located, Bow: The front of a vessel. such as steering, radio, ignition and other switches. Cabin trunk: On a small boat, a raised cabin above the deck. Deckhouse (also coach house or coach roof): An enclosed cabin Centreline: The middle line of on the deck of a vessel. a vessel, from bow to stern. The dividing line between port Draft: Distance from the waterline and starboard. to the lowest part of the vessel. Chine: A sharp change in angle Freeboard: The vertical distance on the surface of a hull. Often from the waterline to the top of located where the topsides meet a vessel’s hull. the waterline. Gunwale: The top edge of a Cleat: A fitting on a vessel to which vessel’s sides. lines (ropes) can be attached. Hull: The main body of a vessel. 8  Introduction Marlin board: A small deck on the the bow and the side on which a back of a boat to make getting green sidelight is displayed. into the water easier – similar to a swim board. Stern: The back or rear of a vessel. Port side: The left side of a Topsides: The sides of a vessel when you are looking towards vessel between the waterline the bow and the side on which a red and the gunwale. sidelight is displayed. Transom: The surface that forms the Pulpit: The railing at the bow stern of a vessel. of a boat. Wheel: Used for steering a vessel. Starboard side: The right side of the Also called the helm. vessel when you are looking towards General maritime terms Give way: Reduce speed, stop, Navigable waters: A waterway reverse or alter course to keep out that a vessel can navigate safely. of another vessel’s path. Planing: A vessel is planing when it Knots (speed): 1 knot is a speed speeds up enough to rise and skim of 1 nautical mile per hour, or on top of the water. Also called ‘on 1.852 kilometres per hour. the plane. Heavier boats are not capable of planing. Nautical miles (nm): A unit of measure for distances at sea. Underway: A vessel is underway One nautical mile per hour is equal when not at anchor or fastened to to 1.852 kilometres or 1.151 miles. the shore or ground. If a vessel is drifting, it’s underway. Vessels are underway unless anchored or fastened to the shore. 9 Licences and registration Getting your boat licence 11 Driving without a licence 20 Getting your PWC licence 16 Registering a vessel 21 Licence restrictions for drivers Transferring registration 25 aged under 16 18 Using a vessel commercially 26 Renewing your licence 19 Hiring a vessel 29 Changing your details 19 Interstate and overseas licences 19 10  Licences and registration Getting your boat licence You must have a NSW general boat driving licence (boat licence) to drive a powerboat or sailing boat using its engine for recreation on NSW waterways at a speed of 10 knots or more. This is approximately 18.5km/h. Ten knots is the speed at which most powerboats start to speed up, rise and plane (skim) on top of the water. You do not need a boat licence: Anyone driving a powerboat on NSW waterways to drive a powerboat under 10 knots at a speed of 10 knots or more must have a to drive a sailing boat using boat licence. its engine under 10 knots to sail a sailing boat without an engine Check if to use paddlecraft – for example, you’re eligible a canoe, kayak or surf ski To get a boat licence, you must: to use rowing vessels – for be aged 12 or over example, a rowing boat meet the practical to use a sailboard or kiteboard experience requirements if you hold a current certificate pass the General Boat of competency as a master, mate Licence Knowledge Test or coxswain. declare any medical To drive a personal watercraft (PWC) condition or physical – for example, a jet ski – you must disability that could affect have a PWC licence. You must have your driving a boat licence to get a PWC licence, meet eyesight standards. or you can get both licences at the same time. If you’re aged under 16, there are restrictions you must follow – see Licence restrictions on page 18. 11 If you have a boat licence from 1. Training with an somewhere outside NSW, you may be experienced skipper able to transfer to a NSW licence – see Interstate and overseas licences You must take a minimum of on page 19. 3 trips with an experienced skipper in a powerboat or sailing boat Some Australian Sailing and Royal using its engine. Yachting Association qualifications meet the practical experience and An experienced skipper must be test requirements for a NSW boat aged 18 or over and: licence. You still need to apply for have a current NSW or interstate a licence and pay the fee. To check boat licence, and have held if your qualification is recognised, their licence for a minimum call Transport for NSW (Maritime) of 3 consecutive years at any on 13 77 88. stage, or hold a certificate of competency. Get practical experience The boat must have the required To apply for your boat licence, safety equipment. If you take the you must get practical boating trips at night (between sunset and experience. This includes experience sunrise), the boat must have the using safety equipment and required lights. manoeuvring and handling a boat. You must record details of your You must apply for your licence practical experience in the Boat within 12 months of getting your Driving Licence Practical Logbook. practical experience. Both you and the skipper must verify these details with your initials. See ‘Practical boating experience’ at nsw.gov.au You can download the ‘Boat Driving Licence Practical Logbook’ or get There are 2 ways you can get a copy from a service centre – see your practical experience: ‘Find a Service NSW location’ at 1. Training with an experienced service.nsw.gov.au skipper OR 2. Training with an Authorised Training Provider (ATP) 2.Training with an Authorised Training Provider You can get your practical experience by doing a course with an ATP. ATPs are independent 12  Licences and registration organisations approved by NSW You can also take the online Maritime to deliver courses. They set ‘General Boat Knowledge Practice their own fees and conditions. Quiz’ at nsw.gov.au When you do your training with an There are 2 ways you can take the ATP, they will complete and sign the General Boat Licence Knowledge relevant sections of your application. Test: at a service centre or with an This is evidence you’ve done the Authorised Training Provider (ATP). practical experience. Taking the test at For a list of ATPs, see ‘Practical boating experience’ at nsw.gov.au a service centre You can book your test at service. nsw.gov.au. You can take the test Take the General at any service centre. Boat Licence You can also book to do the PWC Knowledge Test Licence Knowledge Test at the same You must pass the General Boat time. You must pass the boat licence Licence Knowledge Test to apply for test first. If you pass both tests, you your boat licence. can apply for a PWC licence. Your PWC licence allows you to drive The test has 50 multiple-choice a PWC and a powerboat. questions about rules and safety on the water. To pass, you must answer: There’s a fee for taking the tests – see ‘Licence fees’ at nsw.gov.au the first 20 questions correctly, and a minimum of 24 of the remaining Taking the test with 30 questions correctly. an Authorised Training If you’re aged under 16, a parent Provider (ATP) or legal guardian must be with You can take the General Boat you when you take the test. Licence Knowledge Test as part of an ATP course. When you pass, Preparing for the test they will complete and sign the Everything you need to know to pass relevant sections of your application the test is in this handbook. Study it as evidence. to give yourself the best chance to If you want to get your PWC licence pass the test. at the same time, you can do an ATP course that includes the PWC Licence Knowledge Test. 13 Interpreter service pay a fee – see ‘Licence fees’ at nsw.gov.au A free interpreter service is available if you need to take your boat licence If you took your test at a service or PWC licence test in another centre, you can apply in person at language. Call 13 14 50 to arrange the same time. If you did a course an interpreter. at an ATP, you can submit your application in person or by post If you have special needs or to a service centre. learning difficulties, call 13 77 88 before booking your test. Your application must include evidence of: If you fail the test or cheat your practical experience – either If you fail the test, depending on in a logbook or from an ATP availability, you can take it again on passing the General Boat Licence the same day or book to do it another Knowledge Test – either from time. You have to pay for the test a service centre or an ATP. each time you take it. If you have a recognised You must pass the test honestly. qualification, you must If you cheat, penalties are severe and include evidence of this with can include fines and imprisonment. your application. You also cannot resit the test for 6 weeks and must pay the fee again. See ‘Apply for a general boat driving licence’ at service.nsw.gov.au Apply for your Your boat licence card will be posted to you. You can also choose to boat licence get a digital licence, which can be When you’ve done your practical accessed via the Service NSW app – experience and passed the test, see ‘Digital boat licence and vessel you can apply for your boat licence. registration’ at nsw.gov.au To apply, you must: complete the Application for General Boat Driving Licence (available from a service centre or an ATP) prove who you are – see ‘Proving your identity’ at nsw.gov.au 14  Licences and registration You must have a personal watercraft licence to drive a PWC. How long a boat licence is valid Your boat licence is valid for 1, 3, 5 or 10 years. You can renew it for another 1, 3, 5 or 10 years. Combining your driver, boat and PWC licences If you have a NSW unrestricted driver licence, you can combine it with your boat licence or PWC licence. You can only do this when you renew your driver licence. See ‘Combined driver licence and boat licence’ at nsw.gov.au 15 Getting your PWC licence You must have a personal watercraft If you’re aged under 16, there are (PWC) licence to drive a PWC. restrictions you must follow – see Licence restrictions on page 18. A PWC is any vessel with a fully enclosed hull that you drive standing Some other qualifications may up, lying down, sitting astride or meet the test requirements. To check kneeling. For example, a jet ski or if your qualification is recognised, jet-powered surfboard. To check call Transport for NSW (Maritime) on the licence requirements for other 13 77 88. watercraft – such as engine-powered hydrofoil boards – see ‘Emerging If you have a PWC licence from technologies’ at nsw.gov.au somewhere outside NSW, you may be able to transfer to a NSW licence – PWC drivers must follow all the rules see Interstate and overseas licences and regulations for powered vessels. on page 19. There are also some specific PWC rules designed to keep everyone on If you do not have a boat licence, you the water safe. can take the General Boat Licence Knowledge Test, get your practical You do not need a PWC licence boat experience, and then apply for if you hold a current certificate your PWC licence. This licence allows of competency as a master, mate you to drive a powerboat and a PWC. or coxswain. Take the PWC Licence Check if you’re eligible Knowledge Test To get a PWC licence, you must: You must pass the PWC Licence have a boat licence Knowledge Test to apply for your be aged 12 or over PWC licence. pass the PWC Licence The test is about PWC rules and Knowledge Test safety on the water. To pass, you declare any medical condition or must answer a minimum of 12 of physical disability that could affect the 15 questions correctly. your driving If you’re aged under 16 you must meet eyesight standards. have a parent or legal guardian with you when you take the test. 16  Licences and registration When you pass, they will complete Preparing for the test and sign the relevant sections of your application as evidence. Everything you need to know to pass the test is in this For a list of ATPs, see ‘Practical handbook and the Personal boating experience’ at nsw.gov.au Watercraft Handbook. Study them to give yourself the best If you fail the test or cheat chance to pass the test. If you fail the test, depending on You can also take the online availability, you can take it again ‘General Boat Knowledge on the same day, or book to do Practice Quiz’ and ‘PWC it another time. You have to pay Knowledge Practice Quiz’ for the test each time you take it. at nsw.gov.au You must pass the test honestly. If you cheat, penalties are severe and There are 2 ways you can take the can include fines and imprisonment. PWC Licence Knowledge Test: You also cannot resit the test for at a service centre or with an 6 weeks and must pay the fee again. Authorised Training Provider (ATP). Taking the test at a Apply for your service centre PWC licence You can book your test at service. When you’ve passed the test, you can nsw.gov.au. You can take the test apply for your PWC licence. To apply, at any service centre. you must: complete the Application for There’s a fee for taking the test – Personal Watercraft Driving see ‘Licence fees’ at nsw.gov.au Licence and (if necessary) the Application for General Boat Taking the test with Driving Licence (available from an Authorised Training a service centre or ATP) Provider (ATP) prove who you are – see ‘Proving You can take your test as part of your identity’ at nsw.gov.au an ATP course. ATPs are independent organisations approved by Transport for NSW (Maritime) to deliver courses. They set their own fees and conditions. 17  provide 2 colour passport photos See ‘Apply for a personal watercraft pay a fee – see ‘Licence fees’ (PWC) driving licence’ at service. at nsw.gov.au nsw.gov.au If you have a recognised Your PWC licence card with photo qualification, you must include will be posted to you. If you have a evidence with your application. NSW unrestricted driver licence, you can combine your licences – see If you took your test at a service ‘Combined driver licence and boat centre, you can apply in person at the licence’ at nsw.gov.au same time. If you took your test at an ATP, you can submit your application How long a PWC licence to a service centre in person or is valid by post. Your PWC licence is valid for 1, 3, 5 or 10 years. You can renew it for another 1, 3, 5 or 10 years. Licence restrictions for drivers aged under 16 There are restrictions for people faster than 10 knots at night aged under 16 with a NSW boat (between sunset and sunrise) licence or personal watercraft (PWC) – for boats only licence. These restrictions help keep at night (between sunset and everyone safe. sunrise) – for PWC only If you’re aged under 16, you must not in any race, display, regatta, drive a powered vessel: exhibition or similar operation. faster than 10 knots unless People aged under 16 with an there’s a person aged 16 or interstate or overseas licence over on board who has a boat must also follow these restrictions or PWC licence when using NSW waterways. faster than 10 knots while towing a person There may be exemptions to these restrictions for participants of faster than 20 knots at any time licensed organised events. 18  Licences and registration Renewing your licence When your boat or personal you’ll have to complete the entire watercraft (PWC) licence expires, licence process again. you can renew it for another 1, 3, 5 or 10 years. If you have combined your NSW driver licence with your boat or PWC You must renew your licence within licence, you must renew the licences 5 years after it expires, otherwise at the same time. Changing your details You must contact Transport for See ‘Renew, replace or update’ NSW (Maritime) within 14 days if at nsw.gov.au your personal details change – for example, if you change your name or address. Interstate and overseas licences If you live outside NSW, you can Most interstate and some New use your interstate or overseas Zealand licences can be transferred boat licence or personal watercraft directly to a NSW licence for a fee. (PWC) licence on NSW waterways for limited periods. You must: Overseas licences and certificates cannot be transferred. This means follow the rules and regulations you must get a NSW licence within in this handbook, including rules 3 months of coming to NSW to for lifejackets and navigation continue to drive a powered vessel meet the requirements in your in NSW. home port for safety equipment See ‘Moving your boat or PWC follow the licence restrictions licence to NSW’ at nsw.gov.au if you’re aged under 16. You must get a NSW licence if you’re: moving to NSW, or using the waterways for longer than 3 consecutive months, or already a resident of NSW. 19 Always carry your licence when using NSW waterways, and show it when asked by an authorised officer. Driving without a licence You must have a boat licence to drive NSW boat licence (card or a powerboat or a sailing boat using digital licence) its engine at a speed of 10 knots NSW PWC licence (card with or more. You must have a personal photo), or watercraft (PWC) licence to drive a PWC. This includes when driving interstate or overseas boat a boat or PWC you’ve borrowed or PWC licence. or hired. You must stop and show your licence Your licence can be cancelled for when asked. driving a PWC without a licence. Other people driving Carrying your licence your vessel You must always carry your boat or If you own a powered vessel, you PWC licence when driving at 10 knots must be able to identify any person or more, or when driving a PWC. who drives it, even if you’re not on board at the time. This person Transport for NSW (Maritime) must have a boat licence to drive at authorised officers and police 10 knots or more, or a PWC licence to can ask to see your licence drive your PWC. anytime. When asked, you must have a current: 20  Licences and registration Registering a vessel To use your recreational vessel on have a Hull Identification NSW waterways, you must register: Number (HIN) certificate powerboats and sailing boats with have an Australian Builders an engine power rating of 4.0kW or Plate (ABP) – for powerboats, more (approximately 5hp) and for PWC designed to carry powerboats and sailing boats more than 2 people (with or without an engine) be able to prove who you are 5.5m or longer – see ‘Proving your identity’ at any other vessels that need a nsw.gov.au mooring licence or marina berth pay a fee – see ‘Boat registration personal watercraft (PWC). fees’ at nsw.gov.au To check the registration You can submit your application to a requirements for other watercraft service centre in person or by post. – such as engine-powered hydrofoil If a vessel has been issued with a boards – see ‘Emerging technologies’ unique vessel identifier (UVI) by the at nsw.gov.au Australian Maritime Safety Authority To use your vessel for commercial, (AMSA), or used commercially, government or research activities on you must also provide a Letter of NSW waterways, see Using a vessel Agreement for Recreational Vessel commercially on page 26. Registration from Transport for NSW (Maritime) to register it for the You must be aged 16 or over to first time. For more information, call register a vessel in NSW. 13 12 36. See ‘Get NSW vessel registration’ What you need to register at nsw.gov.au a vessel It’s recommended that you get third- To register a vessel, you must: party insurance. This covers you for any damage your vessel causes to complete the Application for someone else’s property. Vessel Registration have proof of purchase – for Once you have your registration, you example, a receipt, bill of sale can access it digitally using your or consignment note smartphone or tablet – see ‘Digital boat licence and vessel registration’ at nsw.gov.au 21 Hull Identification Information on an ABP includes: Number (HIN) maximum weight and power rating of the engine The HIN system (also called Boatcode) gives all powered maximum number of people vessels a unique number. The HIN is (capacity) recorded on a certificate and a plate maximum weight (load), by the manufacturer. The HIN is also including people on board listed on the Personal Properties and equipment Security Register (PPSR) so you can check who owns the vessel. buoyancy statement (for boats up to 6m long) The HIN plate must be permanently warning statements. attached and clearly displayed on the hull. If a boat is modified, its ABP may no longer be valid. See ‘Hull Identification Number and Boatcode’ at nsw.gov.au PWC designed to carry more than 2 people also have an ABP, or a Australian Builders Plate (ABP) similar plate, showing maximum load and capacity. PWC that meet Most powerboats, including imported ISO 13590 are exempt. boats, built after 1 July 2006 must have an ABP. There are 2 types of See ‘Australian Builders Plate ABP – one for boats up to 6m long (ABP)’ at nsw.gov.au and one for boats over 6m. The manufacturer or importer When you’ve registered attaches the ABP to the boat. It must be permanently attached and clearly a vessel displayed where it can be seen by the All registered vessels have driver – for example, in the cockpit or a registration number with near the steering position. numerals and letters. The ABP provides safety information about the boat’s capability and capacity. It makes it easier to choose a boat to suit your needs. It also helps you plan for a safe trip. 22  Licences and registration The vessel registration number must be a minimum of 150mm high on the hull. WEARITN is a personalised registration number. Registration number The registration number must be displayed on both sides of the hull. Sailing boats can display it on the transom. The displayed number must be in a contrasting colour to the hull, solid and clear, and in numerals and upper case letters. For powerboats, it must be a minimum of 150mm high. For sailing boats and PWC it must be a minimum of 100mm high. It must be well above the normal waterline so it can be seen at The registration number must be in a all times. contrasting colour to the hull. 23 Sailing boats can display their registration number on the transom. Safety label Your registration can be cancelled or suspended if your vessel Powered vessels (not including is unsafe, unseaworthy or sailing boats with an engine or PWC) environmentally hazardous. must have a safety label that shows the maximum number of people and the load it can carry, as well as other important safety information. It must PWC Behaviour Label be displayed where everyone on board can see it. When driving a personal watercraft: Always wear a lifejacket Level 50S or greater at all times PWC behaviour label Applies to everyone on board Carry your PWC licence All personal watercraft (PWC) You must have a PWC driving licence to operate this vessel must have a PWC behaviour label Keep a safe distance and speed Stay at least 30m from other vessels, objects or the that shows the key rules the driver shore when travelling at 6 knots (11km/h) or more. Stay at least 60m from people or dive flags. must follow. Maintain a safe distance and speed when the above distances are not possible. Obey speed limit signs. Follow distance requirements for all swimming areas. Exclusion zones Renewing your PWC are prohibited from operating in exclusion zones. registration Irregular riding and restriction zones Irregular riding (e.g. driving in a circle, weaving or jumping) is not permitted within 200m of the shore when one or more dwellings are within 200m of shore and visible Registration is valid for 12 months. from the water. You must renew it on or before the Within restriction zones, irregular riding is not permitted within 200m of the shore. due date. See ‘Renew your vessel registration’ at nsw.gov.au Keep safe, stay right. Driving a PWC between sunset and sunrise is prohibited. If the registration expires, you Transport for NSW nsw.gov.au must not drive your vessel until you’ve renewed the registration. The PWC behaviour label must always be clearly visible to the driver. 24  Licences and registration Transferring registration When you buy or sell a registered See ‘Transfer your vessel vessel, you must transfer registration registration’ at nsw.gov.au within 14 days to avoid a late fee. If your vessel is registered interstate The buyer must pay a fee to transfer or overseas and you’re moving to registration. The seller is responsible NSW, or using NSW waterways for for the vessel until the transfer is longer than 3 consecutive months, complete. This includes any fines or you must register your vessel other issues with the vessel. in NSW. If the registration has expired, the buyer must pay a registration renewal fee to complete the transfer. Cruising the Corindi River on the North Coast. If you’re moving to NSW you must register your vessel in NSW. Destination NSW photo 25 Using a vessel commercially To use your vessel for commercial, National System for Domestic government or research activities, Commercial Vessel Safety. This it must meet certain safety provides a consistent approach to standards and requirements. safety for commercial vessel owners, Commercial activities include: drivers, users and crew. sightseeing and charter boats For a list of activities and water taxis exemptions, see ‘Is it a domestic ferries commercial vessel?’ at amsa.gov.au workboats boat shares or syndicates Certificate of survey renting boats for overnight Generally, a commercial vessel accommodation must have a certificate of survey. This survey checks the vessel commercial fishing is designed, built, operated and hire-and-drive vessels. maintained to meet specific National The Australian Maritime Safety Standards for Commercial Vessels Authority (AMSA) regulates (NSCV) requirements. commercial vessels under the Commercial vessels are regulated by AMSA under a national system. 26  Licences and registration A new vessel must have a Certificate of operation certificate of survey if it is used for commercial, government or research Commercial vessels must have activities, and: a certificate of operation. Some vessels are exempt if they meet is 12m or longer AMSA Exemption 03 conditions. carries passengers For example, non-passenger is used beyond enclosed waters, or PWC, kayaks, and sailing boats for training schools. is otherwise high risk. A certificate of operation can All other commercial vessels include one or more commercial are exempt, but they must be vessels. As the vessel owner, you’re designed, built and operated to responsible for identifying and meet specific NSCV requirements managing your own operational risks. or AMSA Exemption 03 conditions. See ‘Certificates of operation’ at These vessels include personal amsa.gov.au watercraft (PWC), paddlecraft, and sailing boats up to 7.5m. See ‘Certificates of survey’ at amsa.gov.au To work on a commercial vessel you must hold a commercial qualification or a certificate of competency. 27 Certificate of competency Hire-and-drive companies You must hold a commercial Hire-and-drive companies offer qualification or a certificate of vessels to the public for hire. competency to work on a commercial These vessels can carry up to vessel in Australia, for example, 12 passengers and include: as a master, engine driver, mate powerboats up to 24m long, or coxswain. including tinnies To get a certificate of competency, sailing boats up to 24m long, you must: including multihulls meet minimum sea service sailboards and kiteboards requirements houseboats and powerboats with complete an approved training a potential speed of up to 10 knots and first-aid course and fitted with overnight meet medical and accommodation. eyesight standards. This also includes PWC designed You can get your certificate to carry 2 or more people. of competency or commercial To be available for hire, these qualification at a registered training vessels must have a certificate of organisation. See ‘Domestic operation. This makes sure they are qualifications’ at amsa.gov.au operating at a suitable standard and You do not need a boat or PWC the company follows appropriate licence if you hold a certificate and consistent procedures. See of competency as a master, mate ‘Safety management systems’ or coxswain. at amsa.gov.au If you hire a vessel, the hire-and- drive company must give you a safety briefing before you use the vessel on NSW waterways. 28  Licences and registration Hiring a vessel You can hire a recreational vessel Safety instructions and to use on NSW waterways – for example, a powerboat, sailing boat, rules you must follow canoe, personal watercraft (PWC) When you hire a vessel, the hire or houseboat. company must give you safety instructions before you go out on the Vessels offered for hire must meet water. Depending on the size and commercial safety standards – see type of vessel, this can include Using a vessel commercially on information about: page 26. safety equipment and how to use it lifejacket rules When you need a licence operating controls You must have a boat licence to drive a powerboat or a sailing boat using navigation equipment its engine at a speed of 10 knots what to do in an emergency or more. charts and safe navigation To hire and drive a PWC you pre-departure checks and planning must have a PWC licence and passenger and load capacity. be aged 16 or over. There are some licensing exemptions – Hire companies set their own fees see ‘Personal watercraft hire and and conditions for hiring a vessel drive tours’ at nsw.gov.au – for example, the maximum number of passengers, where you can go and Hire companies also set their how long you can stay on the water. own requirements – for example, minimum competency, age and You must also follow all the rules medical requirements for drivers in this handbook, including for and passengers. lifejackets, giving way, alcohol limits and towing. 29 Lifejackets and safety equipment When to wear a lifejacket  31 Essential safety equipment  46 Carrying lifejackets  37 Safety equipment checklist  52 Approved types of lifejacket  37 Recommended safety equipment  57 Children and lifejackets  40 Dog lifejackets  41 Looking after your lifejacket  42 30  Lifejackets and safety equipment When to wear a lifejacket Lifejackets are the most important Heightened risk item of safety equipment on any recreational vessel. Wearing a As well as the specific rules for lifejacket can save your life and it’s different types of vessels, you must recommended that you wear one wear a lifejacket when the skipper at all times. tells you to. This may be at times of heightened risk, for example: Lifejackets are also known as when there’s a gale, storm, personal flotation devices or PFDs. severe thunderstorm or other There are rules for when you must severe weather warning from wear a lifejacket and what type. the Bureau of Meteorology These rules depend on: when there are passengers who are your age – there are special rules elderly, are non-swimmers or have for children aged under 12 years a serious medical condition the level of risk if the vessel is in danger of capsizing or being swamped the type of vessel you’re in by waves where you are – for example, if people on the vessel are in enclosed waters, alpine waters, danger of falling overboard or open waters or crossing being forced to enter the water coastal bars when cold water temperatures what time of day you’re on are likely the water. if the vessel has broken down There are different types of on sailing boats without safety lifejackets – for example, Level barriers, lifelines, rails, safety 50, Level 50S and Level 100. harnesses or jack lines. See Approved types of lifejackets on page 37. 31  Powerboats and sailing boats These lifejacket rules cover all powerboats and sailing boats, including tenders and off-the-beach sailing boats. Up to 4.8m long Everyone must wear a lifejacket: Enclosed waters Alpine waters Open waters and crossing coastal bars At night (between At all times At all times sunset and sunrise) Or When alone on your boat (including when you have children aged under 12 on your boat) Level 50S or above Level 50S or above Level 100 or above. Level 50S for off-the- beach sailing boats Over 4.8m long Everyone must wear a Level 100 lifejacket or above when crossing coastal bars. Personal watercraft When towing (PWC) A person being towed by a vessel Everyone must wear a Level 50S must wear a Level 50S or above or above lifejacket at all times on lifejacket at all times. This includes a PWC. This includes the driver, wakesurfers and tow-in surfers. passengers, observer, and any Inflatable lifejackets are not person being towed. recommended when you’re Inflatable lifejackets are not being towed. recommended when you’re driving a PWC. 32  Lifejackets and safety equipment Sailboards and kiteboards People on sailboards and kiteboards must wear a lifejacket when more than 400m from the shore: Enclosed waters Alpine waters Open waters and crossing coastal bars At night (between At all times At all times sunset and sunrise) Or When alone on your sailboard or kiteboard (including when you have children aged under 12 on your sailboard or kiteboard) Level 50S or above Level 50S or above Level 50S or above You must wear a lifejacket when sailboarding more than 400m from the shore and alone on your vessel. 33 Paddlecraft Canoes and kayaks People in canoes (including outrigger canoes) and kayaks must wear a lifejacket: Enclosed waters Alpine waters Open waters and crossing coastal bars At night (between At all times At all times sunset and sunrise) Or When alone on your canoe or kayak (including when you have children aged under 12 on your canoe or kayak) Level 50S or above Level 50S or above Level 50S or above You must always wear a lifejacket in a canoe or kayak when alone in your vessel. 34  Lifejackets and safety equipment Surf skis It’s recommended that people using a surf ski wear a lifejacket at all times. If your surf ski is up to 4.8m long, you must follow the same rules as for powerboats and sailing boats up to 4.8m long. There is an exception for surf club members involved in lifesaving, training or competition – unless the event organiser says you must wear a lifejacket. It’s recommended that you wear a lifejacket when using a surf ski. Stand-up paddle boards It’s recommended that people using stand-up paddle boards (SUPs) wear a lifejacket. If this is not possible, it’s recommended that you use a leg rope so you do not get separated from your board. 35 Rowing vessels People in rowing boats, rowing dinghies, rowing skiffs, dragon boats or small unpowered inflatable boats must wear a lifejacket: Enclosed waters Alpine waters Open waters and crossing coastal bars At night (between sunset At all times At all times and sunrise) Or When alone on your vessel (including when you have children aged under 12 on your vessel) Level 50S or above Level 50S or above Level 100 or above People in rowing (racing) shells do not have to wear a lifejacket on enclosed waters. However, it is recommended that you wear a Level 50S or above lifejacket when not taking part in organised events and activities. 36  Lifejackets and safety equipment Carrying lifejackets Vessels must carry enough approved not easy to see, the storage area lifejackets for everyone on board at must have a sign saying ‘Lifejackets’ all times – even when they do not (red lettering on a white background). have to be worn. You can get a free sticker from your nearest service centre. Lifejackets must be stored for quick and easy access on board. If they’re Approved types of lifejacket There’s a wide range of lifejackets These levels have replaced the to suit different activities old type 1, 2 or 3 lifejackets used and conditions. before the introduction of the Marine Safety Regulation 2016 in Lifejackets are grouped into 7 October 2016. You can still use safety levels based on their the old types as long as they’re in buoyancy, performance and what good condition and well maintained. they’re intended to be used for. However, it’s recommended that you upgrade to the newer These levels help you choose a lifejackets with improved safety lifejacket that suits your situation, features. All lifejackets must meet the type of activity you choose certain standards – see ‘Lifejacket and the conditions you might standards’ at nsw.gov.au experience, and that meets the legal requirements for when you must Recreational vessels must carry wear a lifejacket. a lifejacket for each person on board. They must be the right level, the right size, in good condition and easy to find. 37 Approved types of lifejacket Level 50 Similar to the former Type 2. Level 50 lifejackets are: mainly used in enclosed waters intended for people who can swim and are close to the bank or shore or have help close by designed to support you in the water, but do not automatically turn you to a face-up position made in high-visibility colours to Example of a Level 50S lifejacket. make it easier to see you in the water and increase your chance Level 100 and above of rescue. Similar to the former Type 1. Level 100 and above lifejackets have higher levels of buoyancy and help turn you to a face-up position. The different levels suit different situations. Level 100 intended for use when the shore is in sight not intended for rough conditions Example of a Level 50 lifejacket. helps turn you to a face-up position. Level 50S Level 150 Similar to the former Type 3. intended for offshore and rough weather Level 50S lifejackets are the same as Level 50, but come in a wider range helps turn you to a face-up position of colours and styles. They’re popular when unconscious. for activities such as wakeboarding and water skiing. 38  Lifejackets and safety equipment Level 275 As the skipper, you must make sure your passengers know how inflatable intended for offshore and rough lifejackets work. You must also make weather when you’re: sure lifejackets are in good working – wearing clothes that could trap order and serviced regularly – see air and stop the lifejacket turning Looking after your lifejacket on you to a face-up position, or page 42. – carrying heavy items that mean you need extra buoyancy helps turn and keep you in a face‑up position with your mouth and nose above the water. Inflatable Inflatable lifejackets use carbon dioxide (CO2) for buoyancy, which makes them lighter and less bulky. Inflatable lifejackets are either inflated manually, by pulling a tab, Example of an inflatable lifejacket – Level 100 and above. or automatically when they come into contact with water. Excess spray Non‑inflatable can accidentally activate an auto- inflating lifejacket. Non-inflatable Level 100 and above lifejackets have foam buoyancy with A person wearing a manual neck support. They’re bulkier to wear inflatable lifejacket needs the than inflatable ones, but they do not ability and knowledge to activate it in need servicing. an emergency. Inflatable lifejackets are therefore not recommended for: children aged under 12 years personal watercraft (PWC) drivers and passengers anyone being towed. Manual inflatable lifejackets are not recommended for people who cannot swim. Example of a non-inflatable lifejacket – Level 100 and above. 39 Children aged under 12 years in vessels up to 4.8m long must wear lifejackets at all times. Children and lifejackets It’s strongly recommended that Children aged children wear a lifejacket at all times. under 12 years Lifejackets must be an approved type Children aged under 12 years must that meets Australian standards: wear a lifejacket: Level 50S or above on on all vessels up to 4.8m long enclosed waters at all times Level 100 or above on open waters. in open areas of all vessels up to 8m The rules about when children must long when the vessel is underway wear a lifejacket depend on their age. Open areas are: all deck areas including coach roofs, superstructures, open flying bridges, trampolines and 40  Lifejackets and safety equipment nets, excluding areas within a Babies rigid deckhouse, rigid cabin, rigid half cabin or securely enclosed Babies must wear an approved under‑deck space lifejacket suitable for their weight. It must fit snugly and securely so the the whole vessel excluding areas baby cannot slip out of it. with a rigid cabin or securely enclosed space, when the vessel Some babies are too small for even does not have a deck the smallest lifejackets. In this case, the whole vessel when it is a kayak it’s better not to take them on the or canoe. water. If you have to do this, an adult wearing a lifejacket must hold the When choosing a lifejacket, make baby at all times. sure it fits well and the child cannot slip out of it. A lifejacket with a Children aged 12 years or over crotch strap is recommended. Children aged 12 years or over must Some sports and department follow the same rules for wearing stores sell ‘swim vests’ designed a lifejacket as adults, although it’s for children learning to swim under strongly recommended that they supervision. These vests are not wear one at all times. an approved type of lifejacket as they do not offer the same level of protection. Inflatable lifejackets are not recommended for children aged under 12 years. If a child is wearing an auto-inflating lifejacket when playing, the lifejacket may inflate if it gets wet. If they’re wearing a manual inflating lifejacket, they may forget how to activate it in an emergency. Dog lifejackets There are no rules that dogs (or other that’s a good fit, so your pet does not pets) must wear lifejackets. slip out of it. One with a grab handle can be useful to pull them out of You may want to consider investing the water. in one to keep your pet safe. Find one 41 You must show the service record on the inside of your lifejacket if asked by a Transport for NSW (Maritime) authorised officer or police. Looking after your lifejacket Lifejackets are exposed to heat, not using your lifejackets as sun and salt, which means they cushions or fenders (bumpers) damage easily. keeping lifejackets away from Look after your lifejackets by: oil and fuel rinsing off salt with fresh water and removing new lifejackets from their checking for damage after use plastic wrapping before storing. storing lifejackets in a dry, well- ventilated area out of sunlight 42  Lifejackets and safety equipment Service regularly Inflatable lifejackets A regular service makes sure Inflatable lifejackets need extra care. the bladder, inflation mechanism An inflatable lifejacket can only help and CO2 cylinder are in good you if it’s in working order. If it’s not, working order. In NSW, you you or one of your passengers could must service inflatable lifejackets drown. Check your lifejacket before once a year, or in accordance wearing and service it regularly. with manufacturer’s instructions. Check before wearing If you cannot remember when your lifejacket was last serviced, First, check there are no visible signs it’s recommended that you get of general wear and tear. Next, check it serviced straight away. Keep that the CO2 cylinder is not pierced receipts and certificates as evidence and is screwed in firmly (hand tight). of servicing. You must also keep a record of the date your lifejacket If you have an auto-inflating was serviced on the inside of lifejacket, check the auto-inflation your lifejacket. cartridge is hand tight and that it’s still in date. Cartridges must be Sometimes, you can self-service replaced by the expiry date shown. a lifejacket by following the manufacturer’s instructions. The Finally, check the pull cord is free instructions are either supplied with and ready to use. the new lifejacket, printed on the After use, remove the cartridge and lifejacket itself, or available on the rinse the lifejacket with fresh water. manufacturer’s website. Dry the lifejacket and reconnect the cartridge before storing. 43 6 steps to self-service your inflatable lifejacket Step 1 Step 3 Check for visible signs of wear Deflate the bladder by inverting and damage. Make sure all the cap on the oral inflation tube and fastenings and buckles are in pressing down on the valve inside the good working order. tube. Do not insert anything into the top of the tube as it may damage the valve. Roll or press the lifejacket to deflate it fully. Check all fastenings are working. Step 2 Following the manufacturer’s instructions, reveal the inflation system and oral inflation tube. Inflate After you’ve checked the bladder, deflate it the bladder using the oral inflation using the cap on the tube. tube and leave overnight. If the bladder loses pressure overnight, Step 4 take the lifejacket to an accredited service agent. Do not repair Remove and inspect the CO2 cylinder. it yourself. It should not be rusted or corroded. Weigh the cylinder on scales – it should be the minimum gross weight shown on the cylinder, or within 2 grams. While the cylinder is removed, test that the pull cord and firing pin are functional. If the cylinder is rusted, corroded, has been pierced or is not the correct weight, it should be replaced. Inflate the bladder with air to check it does not lose pressure. 44  Lifejackets and safety equipment On auto-inflating lifejackets, make Step 6 sure all auto components are armed (ready for use) and not expired. Refit Record the date when your lifejacket the cylinder to the inflation system was serviced on the inside of and tighten it by hand until just firm. your lifejacket. If your lifejacket has been inflated When your lifejacket inflates, the CO2 cylinder is pierced and cannot be used again. Auto-inflating lifejackets may also need the auto-inflating components replaced. Try to always have spare components on your vessel. You can get CO2 cylinders and other spare parts from the Remove the cylinder to check its weight and condition. manufacturer or your local retailer. Step 5 Repack the lifejacket as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Make sure the pull cord is free, accessible and unlikely to catch on anything when worn. When you repack the lifejacket, make sure the An inflatable lifejacket can only help you if it’s in pull cord is accessible. working order. 45 Essential safety equipment Having the right safety equipment Anchor and knowing how it works will help you deal with unexpected An anchor is an important piece of situations or emergencies. safety equipment that you must carry. You can use it to hold your This is a full list of safety equipment position against the tide, wind or you must carry on powerboats and currents. If you break down, you can sailing boats. For other vessels – use it to stop your boat from drifting such as personal watercraft (PWC), onto rocks or breaking waves. canoes, kayaks, sailboards and kiteboards – it’s recommended Carry an anchor that’s the right that you also carry this equipment, size and type for your boat and if possible. the sea floor. Sand anchors (Danforth anchors) suit mud or sand and are Vessels must carry enough approved easy to pull up if they get stuck. lifejackets for everyone on board at Reef anchors (grapnels) suit all times – even when they do not anchoring on reefs or in rocky areas. have to be worn. Plough anchors suit large, heavier boats in sand and mud, but may Use the Safety equipment checklist get caught on reefs or rocks. on pages 52–53 to check the minimum safety equipment your Carry enough anchor line for the vessel must carry. depth of water you may need to anchor in. Allow about 3 times as All safety equipment must be: long as the depth of water, plus extra in good condition and meet for bad weather or emergencies. The appropriate standards or anchor line should include a length of specifications chain to soften the boat’s movement and help the anchor dig in. The larger maintained or serviced according to the boat, the more chain you need. the manufacturer’s specifications replaced before the manufacturer’s expiry date (if applicable) easy to find and access. 46  Lifejackets and safety equipment Bailer, bucket On open waters, you must have a compass and a chart. Charts or fire bucket must show navigation features, You must carry a minimum of 1 sturdy such as shallows, reefs, hazards bailer or bucket with a lanyard and channels. They can be printed attached. It can be metal, thick or digital. canvas or plastic. Transport for NSW (Maritime) A bucket is useful for bailing out produces boating maps for popular water and fighting fires. In bad NSW waterways. Printed copies can conditions, you can slow down be ordered at nsw.gov.au and steady your boat by trailing it from the bow (as a sea anchor) If you have a digital chart on a laptop or from the stern (as a drogue). or mobile phone, it’s recommended that you download a copy before you set off. This is in case you have Bilge pumps reception issues on the water. You must be able to show the chart A bilge pump is a pump used to Transport for NSW (Maritime) to remove water from inside authorised officers or police the bottom of a boat. if asked to. Boats with covered bilges must be If you have satellite navigation, you fitted with a manual or powered bilge must still have a compass. This is pump or pumps. They must be: to help you get back to shore if the able to drain each compartment satellite navigation fails or if rain, fog of the boat or sea haze hides the land from view. protected by a strainer to stop the pump suction choking. Emergency Position Indicating Radio Compass and chart Beacon (EPIRB) Compasses and charts (maps) An EPIRB is an electronic distress are navigation aids. They help beacon used to alert search and you plan where you’re going and rescue services in an emergency. avoid hazards. They also help you determine your exact position, which Once activated, an EPIRB transmits can be important in an emergency. a distress signal for a minimum of 48 hours. This signal can be detected by satellite and aircraft and relayed to a local rescue coordination centre. 47 An EPIRB must transmit on 406 MHz Personal Locator and conform with Standard AS/NZS 4280.1. It must also be registered Beacon (PLB) with the Australian Maritime Safety A PLB is smaller than an EPIRB. It’s Authority (AMSA) – see ‘Registration designed to be carried on people information’ at beacons.amsa.gov.au rather than on the vessel. A PLB does not replace an EPIRB as a mandatory If you’re on open waters and more item of safety equipment. It can be than 2nm from the shore, you must carried as an extra safety precaution have an EPIRB. Even within 2nm, or when an EPIRB is not mandatory. it’s recommended. It’s recommended that you keep your EPIRB stored to avoid accidentally Fire extinguishers activating it. If it does go off by If your boat has an electric start mistake, switch it off immediately engine, electric engine, battery, and contact AMSA at amsa.gov.au or gas installation or fuel stove, you 1800 641 792. must carry a fire extinguisher. When it’s stored, your EPIRB should You must carry additional fire be easy to access (not in the bottom extinguishers if you: of a locker or another place that’s carry flammable liquids below deck hard to reach). carry LPG or other flammable gas have sleeping accommodation. Fire extinguishers must be securely fixed in place and easy to find. Recommended places are near the: steering position galley area engine compartment. It’s recommended that you buy fire extinguishers and other equipment – such as fire blankets – from an authorised dealer. They can help you get the best equipment for your You must carry an EPIRB if you travel more than vessel’s needs. 2nm from the shore on open waters. Even within 2nm, it’s recommended. Protect your fire extinguishers from salt water and regularly check that the charge indicator is in the 48  Lifejackets and safety equipment green zone. If it’s in the red zone, the ones safely. See ‘Expired marine extinguisher needs replacing. flare disposal’ at nsw.gov.au Fire extinguishers must be serviced by the manufacturer or an authorised Fresh drinking water agent before their expiry date (see On open waters you must carry at the manufacturer’s instructions). least 2 litres of fresh drinking water Before going boating, give your fire for each person on board. extinguishers a shake and ensure: the gauge is in the green (this applies to most extinguishers) Marine radios the date stamped into the cylinder If you’re more than 2nm from the is less than 5 years old, or within shore on open waters, you must have the expiry date a marine radio. Even within 2nm, there is no rust, corrosion or it’s recommended. damage to any part. Marine radios can be used to: make distress calls to other vessels Flares in the area or to shore stations A flare is a type of distress signal advise shore stations of that you ignite to let people know your itinerary you’re in trouble and to show check weather and rescuers where you are. Flares are navigational warnings. best used when you believe there’s a chance of them being seen. There are 3 types of marine radio: very high frequency (VHF) There are 2 types of flares that you must carry on open waters: high frequency (HF) 27 MHz. orange smoke flares for day use red hand flares for day or night use. VHF and 27 MHz are both ‘line of sight’ communication, which means You must carry 2 of each kind. they work when you’re in sight of Everyone on board should be the land or other vessels. VHF is able to find and ignite the correct recommended over 27 MHz. VHF is flare, even in total darkness. Keep more reliable, has a longer range, flares in an accessible, sealed and and is more widely monitored waterproof container. by shore stations and large commercial vessels. Most flares expire after 3 years. You must replace flares before they expire, and dispose of the expired 49  VHF marine radio channels Paddles or oars 72 73 77 with rowlocks 21 71 22 Non- commercial 72 Paddles or oars with rowlocks must 80 operations & recreational Professional 77 be carried on boats up to 6m long, unless the boat has a second means vessels fishing 81 Talk operations through 13 82 repeaters Ship-to-ship of propulsion – for example, an 16 safety info engine on a sailing boat, or a second 70 Digital selective calling DISTRESS, Supplementary to channel 16 67 engine on a powerboat. SAFETY & Ship-to-ship CALLING 6* 77 working Commercial It’s recommended that the second 8 means of propulsion for boats over operations Port 72 6* operations 6m is a second engine, particularly 8 74 to if travelling long distances. 14 78 20 79 68 72 Safety label www.acma.gov.au/vhfmarine A safety label shows the maximum *Also used for on-scene air/sea SAR operations. number of people (capacity) and load VHF marine radio channels. you can carry on your boat, as well as other important safety information. HF radio is for longer range Powered vessels (not including communication. It works even