NR 463 Study Guide: Gastrointestinal & Musculoskeletal Disorders PDF

# Exam III Study Guide: Gastrointestinal & Musculoskeletal Disorders NR 463 Managing Comprehensive Health Care of the Adult and Older Adult I There are 50 multiple choice questions and/or select all that apply questions. ## Gastrointestinal Disorders 1. **Esophagogastroduodenosopy (EGD)**: What i...

# Exam III Study Guide: Gastrointestinal & Musculoskeletal Disorders NR 463 Managing Comprehensive Health Care of the Adult and Older Adult I There are 50 multiple choice questions and/or select all that apply questions. ## Gastrointestinal Disorders 1. **Esophagogastroduodenosopy (EGD)**: What is it? Pre and Post-procedure nursing assessment/interventions. 2. **GERD**: a. Etiology b. Signs and symptoms c. Management of these patients (e.g. meds \[PPI, H2 blockers, antacids, cytoprotective agents...know the names of meds in these categories, how they work, how you would evaluate whether or not they are effective]; diet, position). d. General care including assessment, interventions, nursing and medical and surgical management e. Patient teaching (risk factor modification: meds, diet, positioning, clothing) f. Post-Nissen fundoplication assessment and nursing management. Complications that might occur with open vs. laparoscopic procedures that need to be urgently addressed (i.e perforation...what would this look like?) 3. **Gastrointestinal Bleeding**: a. Etiology/Risk Factors b. Signs/Symptoms c. Diagnostic testing (what are the best tests to diagnose an upper or lower GI bleed?) d. Priority assessments/interventions (think volume replacement) e. Medical/Nursing Management 4. **Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)**: a. Etiology/most common causes (i.e. H. Pylori, NSAIDS, etc) b. Signs and symptoms...gastric vs. duodenal c. Medical/nursing management (types of meds, how they treat/prevent PUD) d. Surgical management: difference btwn Billroth I & II. i. Post-gastrectomy (Billroth I and II) patient care and management ii. Post gastrectomy complications including digestion, gastric retention, absorption issues, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, Dumping syndrome, steatorrhea e. Complications of peptic ulcer disease and how each is managed i. Bleeding: signs and symptoms, priority nursing and medical management ii. Perforation: signs and symptoms/priority management iii. Pyloric obstruction: signs and symptoms/management iv. Dumping syndrome 5. What is dumping syndrome? – signs and symptoms, patient teaching & nursing care to prevent and treat it. 6. **Hiatal hernia**: a. Etiology b. Pathophysiology c. Signs and symptoms d. Treatment e.Patient teaching regarding risk factors (who is at risk?, diet, positioning, meds, etc) 7. **Peritonitis**: a. Causes/etiology of peritonitis: b. Signs and symptoms (Know ALL s/sx of a peritonitis) c. Medical and nursing management (priority assessment/interventions) d. Potential complications 8. **Diverticular disease**: a. Etiologies b. Signs and symptoms c. Pathophysiology...how to differentiate diverticulosis from diverticulitis d. Potential complications e. Know medications and diet therapy (Metamucil, exercise, etc.). f. General nursing care and management g. Patient teaching (diet, fluids, exercise, meds, etc.) 9. **Intestinal obstruction**: a. Etiology b. Signs and symptoms (Fluid volume deficit, bowel sounds, abdominal assessment, pt complaints) c. How to assess the abdomen & findings d. Complications and how to recognize e. General treatment and nursing care. (NPO status and how to manage; Gas/distension and nursing interventions to treat) 10. **Ulcerative colitis/Crohn's disease**: a. Etiology b. Patho c. Signs and symptoms characteristics for each type. What would you expect to find during an exacerbation? d. Complications (FVD, Electrolyte imbalance, Fistulas, Bleeding, etc.) e. Nursing/medical management (diet, meds, surgery) Acute vs. Chronic mgmt. f. Teaching (diet, meds, skin care related to diarrhea, etc.). g. Expected nursing diagnoses, interventions, and outcomes with proper treatment 11. **Colon cancer**: a. Etiology/Risk Factors (Age, diet, Weight, med hx, etc.) b. Signs and symptoms c. Diagnostic tests commonly performed to diagnose colon cancer, recommendations for colon cancer screening d. Surgery anticipated & colostomy placement e. General nursing management f. Patient teaching regarding expectations, coping with diagnosis, treatment ## Musculoskeletal Disorders 1. **Osteoarthritis (OA)**: pathophysiology, and risk factors, clinical signs and symptoms and diagnostic tests, patient teaching (including activity), and nursing and collaborative care (including common medications). 2. **Total hip replacement/Knee replacement**: pre and post op assessment including most common and serious complications with treatment; post-op positioning; patient teaching; general nursing care. Understand and prioritize the preoperative and postoperative management (including pain management, positioning, hip precautions, rehab, CPM, etc) 3. **Fractures**: discuss nursing/medical care and management of fractures and major associated complications. Compare clinical manifestations and treatment of fat embolism, pulmonary embolism, and compartment syndrome. Be familiar with post-op mobilization and weight bearing status. 4. **Traction**: purpose, assessment, nursing care and management. 5. Know how to assess CMS & neurovascular status. Differentiate between normal and abnormal assessment findings. What would require a physician notification? 6. **Compartment Syndrome**: Signs and Symptoms. Management, when do you notify the physician? 7. **Amputation**: pre and post op care, immediate complications, and post-op positioning (consider flexion contracture prevention). Understand phantom pain and how to manage. Psychosocial/emotional issues related to dealing with an amputation and body image disturbance. General nursing care. **Medication Calculation** Up to 5 questions