Non-Infectious Pulmonary Parenchymal Disease - MF 2025 PDF

Small Animal Pulmonary Parenchymal Diseases Brief Outline   What is the pulmonary parenchyma? Alveolus CO2 Interstitum O2 Pulmonary Capillary Clinical Signs       Physical Ex...

Small Animal Pulmonary Parenchymal Diseases Brief Outline   What is the pulmonary parenchyma? Alveolus CO2 Interstitum O2 Pulmonary Capillary Clinical Signs       Physical Exam     Helpful? Step 1 – ALWAYS STABILIZE PATIENT FIRST Oxygen Anxiolysis/Sedation Pulmonary edema Accumulation of serous or serosanguinous fluid in the  pulmonary interstitial space and alveoli  Edema in extravascular space exceeds capacity of pulmonary lymphatic drainage Pulmonary edema MOA – 3 classifications    Pc = Capillary hydrostatic pressure Net Fluid Flux = K[(Pc – Pi) –  (c - i)] Pi = Interstitial Fluid hydrostatic pressure c = Capillary colloid osmotic pressure I = Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure K = Filtration coefficient  = Reflection coefficient (effectiveness of capillary wall in preventing passage of proteins) Pulmonary edema MOA = 3 classifications    Pulmonary edema – underlying pathology     Cardiogenic pulmonary edema Treatment = diuretics & treatment of underlying condition Diagnosis How can I tell the difference between cardiogenic and non- cardiogenic pulmonary edema on thoracic radiographs?  Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema      Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) Causes of ARDS in dogs and cats            Pathophysiology of ARDS    Diagnostic Criteria 1. 2. 3. Treatment & Prognosis    Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)     Negative-pressure pulmonary edema  What are some causes of an upper airway obstruction we may see in our small animal patients? Pathophysiology of negative pressure pulmonary edema Decrease in pulmonary interstitial hydrostatic pressure Increase venous return to right heart and lungs Both lead to increase in pressure gradient between pulmonary interstitium and vessels Fluid leaks from capillaries into interstitial space Wavy, 4-month-old MI Pit Bull Terrier Diagnosis Photos courtesy of Dr. Tyler Johnson  Wavy the Pit Bull Terrier   Neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE)   Neurogenic pulmonary edema    Electrocution     How can I tell what is what???     Thoracic Radiographs B Lines Pulmonary hemorrhage       Pulmonary contusions    Diagnosis      Treatment & Prognosis     Questions?