Medical Practice Questions - Updated 2024 PDF

New and updated - 2024 In this file, we added the new and updated questions from testcenter, you can also practice it on krokology.com by clicking on “New Testcenter (Eng)”. In this section, we’ll add any upcoming questions as well. Updated questions...

New and updated - 2024 In this file, we added the new and updated questions from testcenter, you can also practice it on krokology.com by clicking on “New Testcenter (Eng)”. In this section, we’ll add any upcoming questions as well. Updated questions y Following are questions that are present in previous booklets but answers were em recently released by Testcenter website. (2021-may) To fight against the tobacco smoking, Ukraine has ratified the ad World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and prohibited public smoking. What type of prevention is it? A.Individual prevention Ac B. Public prevention C. Tertiary prevention D.Primary prevention y E. Secondary prevention og - The correct answer is: Primary prevention (2021-may) A 75-year-old man in a severe condition suffers from dyspnea at ol rest, marked weakness, and arrhythmia. Abdominal aortic pulsation is observed, further on there is a systolic murmur detected. Palpation reveals a ok volumetric formation in the mesogastrium. Blood pressure is 70/40 mm Hg. There is no pulsation over the femoral arteries. Oliguria is detected. Which diagnosis is the correct one? kr A. Dissecting aortic aneurysm B. Pancreatic cyst C. Cardiosclerotic aneurysm D. Acute cardiac aneurysm E. Acute pericarditis - The correct answer is: Dissecting aortic aneurysm (2021-may) In a city, the levels of manganese are elevated in the atmospheric air, water, and agricultural foods. What type of effect do these factors have on the health of the population? Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok A. Joint B. Separate C. Synergistic D. Complex E. Combined - The correct answer is: Complex (2021-may) A 17-year-old girl complains of a pain and swelling of her second finger on the right hand. Three days ago, she made a manicure. The pain developed on the second day after that. Objectively, her nail fold is swollen, hyperemic, overhangs the nail plate, and is painful on palpation. What is the y most likely diagnosis in this case? em A. Cutaneous panaritium B. Erysipeloid C. Subcutaneous panaritium D. Paronychia ad E. Subungual panaritium 2021- May A 39-year-old man came to a doctor complaining of a pain in his Ac left leg. The disease onset was 2 days ago. Objectively. His body temperature is 37.8°C and he has subcutaneous varicose veins on the inner surface of his left thigh and shin. The skin over the varicose veins is hot and red. The Moses and Homans signs are negative. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? y A. Acute ascending thrombophlebitis of the saphenous veins in the left leg og B. Acute deep vein thrombosis in the left leg C. Thrombosis of the tibial arteries on the left D. Varicose saphenous veins in the left leg ol E. Postthrombotic syndrome of the left leg ok 2021- May Extermal obstetric examination shows the the mother's belly is ovoid; the fetal back can be palpated in the left lateral portion of the uterus, in the right portion there are fetal small parts, and at the uterine fundus there is a kr firm balloting part. Fetal heartbeat can be heard on the left, above the navel. What are the lie, position, and presentation of the fetus? A. Longitudinal lie, position I, breech presentation B. Longitudinal lie, position II, cephalic presentation C. Longitudinal lie, position II, breech presentation D. Longitudinal lie, position I, cephalic presentation E. Transversal lie, position I, no presenting part - The correct answer is: Longitudinal lie, position I, breech presentation Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok (2023-jan) A 26-year-old woman, pregnancy I, 10 weeks of gestation, has been suffering from rheumatism since her childhood. With pregnancy her condition has deteriorated: her dyspnea increased and she developed edema in her lower extremities. Her pulse is 86/min., the lips are cyanotic, there are systolic and diastolic murmurs over the cardiac apex. The liver protrudes 4 cm from under the costal margin. The woman was diagnosed with III degree heart failure, her left ventricular ejection fraction is less than 40%. What are the tactics of the patient management in this case? y A. Prolongation of the pregnancy with periodical treatment in the cardiology em department B. Termination of the pregnancy via minor cesarean section C. Prolongation of the pregnancy with periodical hospitalization into the ad obstetrical inpatient department during the critical periods D. Termination of the pregnancy with vacuum aspirator E. Medication-induced termination of the pregnancy Ac - The correct answer is: Termination of the pregnancy with vacuum aspirator y (2023-jan) A 28-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized into the inpatient og department. Her diagnosis is as follows: pregnancy III, 7-8 weeks of gestation; rheumatism, inactive phase, III degree mitral stenosis. What is the management plan for this patient? ol A. Maintenance of the pregnancy, surgical treatment of the valvular defect ok (mitral commissurotomy) B. Termination of the pregnancy after surgical treatment of the valvular defect (mitral commissurotomy) kr C. Maintenance of the pregnancy, planned hospitalization during the critical periods, conservative therapy D. Medically-indicated termination of the pregnancy E. Prescription of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants - The correct answer is: Medically-indicated rmination of the pregnancy (2023-jan) A 60-year-old man complains of mild disturbances of memory, coordination, gait. Cerebral atherosclerosis was confirmed. Blood pressure is Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok within the norm. Magnetic resonance imaging shows leukoaraiosis in the periventricular area. What is the most likley diagnosis? A. Transient ischemic attacks B. Lacunar cerebral stroke C. Alzheimer's disease D. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy E. Binswanger's disease (subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy) - The correct answer is: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy y (2019) A 20-year-old man, a calibrator of dosimetry equipment, committed a em gross violation of safety regulations, when he put two ampoules with cobalt-60, each with the radioactivity of 7 MCi, in the pockets of his trousers and jacket. He has been keeping the ampoules in his pockets for 8 hours. The tissues at the distance of 0.5 cm from the source received the dose of 30 Gy (3000 R), while ad the tissues at the distance of 20 cm - 2 R. Did this man develop radiaton sickness? Ac A. Yes, he developed a mild form of acute radiation syndrome B. Yes, he developed a moderate form of acute radiation syndrome C. Yes, he developed chronic radiation syndrome y D. Yes, he developed a severe form of acute radiation syndrome E. No, he did not og - The correct answer is: No, he did not ol (2021-may) Analysis of the population morbidity in a village, located near a chemical factory, shows that within the last several years the number of gout ok and esophageal cancer cases has significantly increased, What pollutant of the environment is the likely cause of such dynamics? A.Manganese kr B. Mercury C. Molybdenum D.Strontium E. Nickel - The correct answer is: Molybdenum (2021-may) A 72-year-old man on the 7th day after a surgical reposition of an intertrochanteric hip fracture has suddenly developed dyspnea and an intense Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok pain in the left side of his chest. Examination reveals distended cervical veins and cyanosis. His respiration rate is 26/min. Auscultation detects weakened breathing over the left lung. Heart rate - 98/min. Blood pressure - 120/70 mm Hg. CT scan shows significant disappearance of the lung pattern on the left. Echocardiography shows no signs of right ventricle overload. What next step will be the most advisable in this case? A. Prescribing aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) B. Prescribing low molecular weight heparin C. Thrombolytic injection into the left pulmonary artery y D. Installing a vena cava filter em E. Surgical embolectomy - The correct answer is: Prescribing low molecular weight heparin ad (2023-July) A 70-year-old patient has undergone a surgery for the removal of a traumatic cataract of the right eye. Objectively, in the right eye emphVisus=0.8 with the correction of +10.0 D sph, while in the left eye emphVisus=0.6 Ac without correction. What means of correction would be most advisable for this patient? A. OD intraocular correction y B. Cylindrical lenses og C. Glasses: OD +10.0 D sph; OS planum D. No correction is needed E. Glasses: both lenses +10.0 D sph ol - The correct answer is: OD intraocular correction ok (2023-july) A 27-year-old pregnant woman (pregnancy II, 8-10 weeks) developed a fever. Examination for TORCH infections detected antibodies of kr the IgM type to herpes simplex virus types I and II. What should be recommended to the pregnant woman in this case? A. Continued monitoring B. Acyclovir treatment C. alpha-fetoprotein test D. Symptomatic treatment E. Termination of the pregnancy - The correct answer is: Termination of the pregnancy Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok (2021-May) A 7-day-old girl is markedly inert and suffers from recurrent (sometimes projectile) vomiting, liquid stools, exicosis, and marked progressing hypotension. She gains no weight. Her skin is earthy gray and her nipples are pigmented. She presents with an enlarged clitoris, incomplete union of the vulvar lips, and incomplete separation of the urethra and vagina. She has marked hyperkalemia and hyponatremia, metabolic acidosis, and hypoglycemia. Her blood aldosterone levels are low, while her plasma renin activity is high. Make the provisional diagnosis: y A. Adrenogenital syndrome, salt-wasting form em B. Hermaphroditism C. Adrenogenital syndrome, hypertensive form D. Adrenogenital syndrome, simple-virilizing form E. Turner syndrome ad - The correct answer is: Adrenogenital syndrome, salt-wasting form Ac 2023-may 30. A 52-year-old man complains of periodic attacks of palpitations that last for 3-8 minutes and then disappear on their own. Repeated examinations and ECG studies did not record rhythm disturbances. Which of y the special methods of diagnosing rhythm disorders should be performed on the patient first? og A. Treadmill exercise stress test B. Transesophageal electrical stimulation of the heart ol C. Bicycle ergometry D. Spirography ok E. Holter ECG monitoring (2021-May) kr On examination a man presents with the following signs: progressing weakness, loss of working ability, rapid physical and mental fatigability, sensations of cold and hunger, and weight loss. What type of alimentary disorder is it? A. Vitamin deficiency B. Mineral deficiency C. Protein-energy undernutrition D. Dietary fiber deficiency E. Polyunsaturated fatty acid deficiency Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok (2021-july) A 40-year-old woman, gravida 6, para 3, at the 40 weeks of her pathological pregnancy (threatened miscarriage, type I gestosis of the second half of her pregnancy), gave birth to a girl with asphyxia. The baby’s condition is severe, the weight is 2 kg, there are signs of immaturity and hydrocephalus. The baby’s skin is pale, icteric, and has acrocyanosis. Heart sounds are muffled, there is a harsh systolic murmur at all points of auscultation. Abdomen is enlarged, the liver is +3 cm. The urine is saturated, the stool is light-colored. An ophthalmologist has detected chorioretinitis in the baby. Make the right diagnosis: y A. Congenital toxoplasmosis B. Hemolytic disease of the newborn em C. Sepsis D. Congenital heart defect E. Congenital hepatitis ad (2021-july) Ac y og 2023-jan ol ok kr (2023-may) For three weeks, a 29-year-old patient has been observing a painless ulcer on the skin of the vermilion border of the lower lip The last week, the ulcer became accompanied by significant edema of the underlying and surrounding tissues. Examination shows an ulcer up to 2.5-3 cm in diameter, with. clear margins, the bottom that resembles " old lard in color, and an underlying cartilaginous infiltrate. What laboratory test must be prescribed first in this case? A. Smear for acantholytic cells. Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok B. Eosinophil count C. Treponema pallidum test D. Skin scraping for mycosis E. Bacterial culture y em 2023-may ad Ac 2023-mayOn day 3 of life, a newborn presented with a deformation, edema, y and hematoma of soft tissues in the left supraclavicular region. The arm is og pressed to the torso, passive movements are accompanied by fussiness of the child. What is the likely diagnosis in this case? A. Osteomyelitis of the left clavicle ol B. Erb's palsy C. Non-displaced subperiosteal fracture of the left clavicle ok D. Displaced fracture of the left clavicle E. Phlegmon of the newborn kr - The correct answer is: Displaced fracture of the left clavicle (2024-Jan) A district center is being supplied with water from an interlayer water-bearing stratum with high levels of calcium and magnesium salts. What is the optimal method of water treatment that should be applied before pumping the water into the distribution network? A. Ozonation B. Desalination Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok C. Decontamination D. Softening E. Sedimentation - The correct answer is: Softening (2024-Jan) One hour after being fed with a milk formula, the baby developed cyanosis of the lips, mucosa, nails, and face. Later the baby developed nausea, increased salivation, pain in the epigastric region, vomiting, and diarrhea. The pediatrician detected signs of cardiopulmonary failure in the baby. y Investigation determined that the milk formula was prepared using the water em from a well. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? A. Food poisoning caused by organochlorine pesticides B. Staphylococcal toxicosis C. Foodborne toxicoinfection ad D. Nitrate-nitrite intoxication E. Food poisoning caused by heavy metals Ac - The correct answer is: Nitrate-nitrite intoxication (2024-Jan) A 12-year-old girl became acutely ill with a fever of 38.5°C and a y rash appearing on her skin. Objectively, her condition is of moderate severity, she has hepatosplenomegaly, fine puncture rash and maculopapular rash on the og flexor surfaces of her limbs, lateral surfaces of the trunk, and lower abdomen. Demarkated bluish-pink coloring is observed on her hands and feet. What is ol the most likely diagnosis in this case? A. Measles ok B. Scarlet fever C. Chickenpox D. Pscudotuerculosis kr E. Infectious mononucleosis (2024-Jan) A 65-year-old patient with a history of arterial hypertension complains of dizziness and palpitations that occurred throughout the last hour. Objectively, the following is observed: blood pressure - 80/40 mm Hg, heart rate-150 min, pulse-106/min. ECG revealed missing P wave and varying RR intervals, ventricular contraction rate is 136-148/min. What aid must be provided to the patient first? Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok A. Urgent electrical cardioversion B. Prescription of 3-blockers intravenously C. Pacemaker implantation D. Prescription of amiodarone intravenously E. Prescription of calcium channel blockers intravenously (2024-Jan) A 45-year-old woman complains of discomfort during reading, redness of the edges of her eyelids, and white foamy discharge in the corners of her palpebral fissures, observed for the past two months. Objectively, the y following is observed: hyperemia and thickening of the loose eyelid margins, em widened excretory ducts of the glands in the eyelid cartilage. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? A. Blennorrheal conjunctivitis B. Chronic canaliculitis ad C. Acute dacryoadenitis D. Adenoviral conjunctivitis Ac E. Meibomian blepharitis (2024-Jan) A 32-year-old woman complains of marked shortness of breath, dry y cough, a fever of 39°C, and excessive sweating. Bacterioscopy of her sputum detected acid-fast bacteria [+] Mantoux test with 2 tuberculin units resulted in a og papule 21 mm in size X-ray visualizes numerous symmetrically located focal shadows 1-2 mm in size in both lungs. The shadows are low-intensity and have ol blurry contours. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? A. Chronic disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis ok B. Focal tuberculosis C. Caseous pneumonia D. Sarcoidosis kr E. Miliary pulmonary tuberculosis Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok Updated questions Following are new questions that are not present in previous booklets and were recently released by Testcenter website. What clinical symptoms are characteristic during the initial phase of acute y radiation sickness? A. Normalization of temperature, improvement of wellbeing, increased em appetite, cessation of bleeding B. Hair loss, neurological symptoms that gradually even out, sharp deterioration of wellbeing, increased body temperature ad C. Nausea, vomiting that intensifies after drinking fluids, loss of appetite, headache, general weakness, drowsiness Ac D. Nausea, vomiting, increased body temperature, spastic abdominal pain, deterioration of wellbeing E. Hemorrhages in the skin, mucosa, gastrointestinal tract, brain, heart, and lungs (hemorrhagic syndrome), loss of appetite, diarrhea (dyspeptic y disorders) og - The correct answer is: Nausea, vomiting that intensifies after drinking fluids, loss of appetite, headache, general weakness, drowsiness ol A 43-year-old patient, who had inhalation poisoning the day before, was ok diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome. What parameter must be used to assess the severity of the patient's illness? kr A. Respiratory volume B. Respiratory index (oxygenation index) C. Central venous pressure D. Arterial oxygen saturation E. Partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood - The correct answer is: Respiratory index (oxygenation index) A newborn child has been diagnosed with physiological jaundice. What symptom is characteristic of this health condition? Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok A.Jaundice that lasts more than 10 days B. A recurrent increase in the intensity of jaundice C. Jaundice, appearing within the first 24 hours of life D.Colorless feces E. Yellow color of the skin, appearing on day 2-3 of life - The correct answer is: Yellow color of the skin, appearing on day 2-3 of life A polyclinic employs 25 specialist doctors for providing medical care to the y people. What type of treatment and prevention care is provided by these doctors? em A. Primary B. Pre-medical C. Secondary ad D. Tertiary E. - Ac - The correct answer is: Secondary A 36-year-old man has been suffering from rheumatoid arthritis for 8 years. Two months ago he developed swelling of the left knee joint that was resistant y to treatment. Objectively, he has synovitis of the left knee joint. A puncture of og the joint was performed, obtaining 50 mL of exudate. What cells will be detected during the examination of the puncture material obtained from the ol joint? A. Ragocytes ok B. Eosinophils C. Erythrocytes D. LE cells kr E. Reed–Sternberg cells - The correct answer is: Ragocytes What are the grounds for conducting a forensic medical examination? A. Referral issued by the family doctor B. Resolution or ruling made by investigative authorities or a court C. Referral issued by the head doctor of the inpatient department D. Wishes of the relatives Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok E. Referral issued by investigative authorities - The correct answer is: Resolution or ruling made by investigative authorities or a court Cadmium levels in the river water downriver from the place, where a mining and metallurgical plant dumps its wastewater and from which the city is supplied with water, 8-10 times exceeds the maximum permissible concentration. What diseases, associated with this substance, will be observed among the city population? y A. Kashin-Beck disease em B. Prasad syndrome C. Itai-Itai disease D. Yusho disease E. Minamata disease ad - The correct answer is: Itai-Itai disease Ac A 47-year-old patient became acutely ill 3 days ago. The patient complains of a fever of 39^oС, productive cough with yellow-green sputum, shortness of breath, chest pain on the left. Examination detected the respiratory rate of y 26/min. and the shortening of the percussion sound and crepitation below the angle of the scapula on the left. SpO2 is within normal range (96%). What og study would be most informative in this case for establishing the final diagnosis? ol A. Chest X-ray B. Spirography ok C. Microbiological study of sputum D. Complete blood count E. Bronchoscopy kr - The correct answer is: Chest X-ray To assess the health of the population in the analyzed district, such parameters as birth rate, mortality, population natural increase, prevalence of diseases and primary morbidity, general disability and disability rate among of the population were calculated. What type of statistical values are they? A. Intensive B. Visualization-oriented Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok C. Standardized D. Extensive E. Correlational - The correct answer is: Intensive A 2-month-old baby presents with body weight loss, projectile vomiting after each feeding, and stool retention (once per 48 hours). Examination detects the "hourglass" symptom. Vomitus is foul-smelling and contains no bile. The baby is breastfed. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? y A. Congenital pyloric stenosis em B. Intestinal obstruction C. Pylorospasm D. Habitual regurgitation E. Intussusception ad - The correct answer is: Congenital pyloric stenosis (56. A child is 1 month 10 days old. ”Gushing” vomiting has been observed since the age of 3 weeks. The vomit volume Ac exceeds the volume of the previous feeding. Objectively: the child is inert. Skin elasticity and tissue turgor are decreased. Hour-glass deformity sign is positive. The preliminary diagnosis is pyloric stenosis. What treatment tactics should be chosen? A. Surgery B. Prescription of Cerucal (Metoclopramide) y C. Atropinization D. Internal administration of Novocaine og E. Prescription of Pipolphen) A 1.5-month-old girl, who was born prematurely and is being breastfed, was ol brought to a pediatrician. What daily dose of vitamin D should the doctor prescribe for the prevention of rickets in this child? ok A. 1 000 IU B. 4 000 IU kr C. 400 IU D. 800 IU E. 500 IU - The correct answer is: 1 000 IU A 26-year-old woman gave birth 6 months ago. She came to a maternity clinic, complaining that she has no menstruation. She is breastfeeding her baby. Vaginal examination revealed that the uterus is dense and of normal size. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok  A. Pseudoamenorrhea B. Sheehan syndrome C. Physiological amenorrhea D. Asherman syndrome E. Pregnancy - The correct answer is: Physiological amenorrhea(old and new) A 12-year-old girl has developed a parueritium (whitlow) on the fourth finger of her left hand in this case, a resaction is most likely to be detected in a certain y group of lymph nodes. Name this group of lymph nodes. em A. Supraclavicular B. Thoracic C. Cubital D. Subclavian ad E. Axillary - The correct answer is: Cubital Ac A 25-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized due to uterine bleeding. Total blood loss 250 mt. Examination detects 10-11 weeks of pregnancy with a y spontaneous miscarriage in progress. What would be the further doctor's tactics in this case? og A. Place a cervical stitch (cervical cerclage) B. Perform hemotransfusion ol C. Prescribe uterotonics D. Prescribe antispasmodics ok E. Remove the fertilized ovum - The correct answer is: Remove the fertilized ovum kr A 2-month-old child has seizures and recurrent viral and bacterial infections of the upper respiratory tracts. A deformed skull and hypoplasia of the thymus and parathyroid glands were detected in the child, Immunological laboratory studies revealed lymphocytopenia, normal levels of immunoglobulins, and decreased levels of 1 lymphocytes with their proliferative response reduced. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? A. Primary immunodeficiency, Bruton disease Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok B. Primary immunodeficiency, Chediak-Higashi syndrome C. Primary immunodeficiency, DiGeorge syndrome D. Common variable immunodeficiency E. - - The correct answer is: Primary Immunodeficiency, DiGeorge syndrome During his visit to a doctor, the patient complained of pain in the joints. The patient's dietary history indicates that he prefers meat and fatty foods. After all the necessary examinations the doctor diagnosed the patient with gout. What y type of food products is recommended for the patient? em A. Legumes B. Offal C. Animal fats D. Meat of young animals and poultry ad E. Dairy products - The correct answer is: Dairy products Ac A 63-year-old woman underwent a surgery for a large multinodular euthyroid goiter. Subtotal resection of the both lobes of the thyroid gland had to be y performed, which was done with technical difficulties. On the 4th day after the surgery, the woman developed abdominal pain and muscle spasms in her face og and arms. The Chvostek and Trousseau signs are positive. What is the most likely cause of the patient's condition? ol A. Damage to the recurrent nerve B. Hypoparathyroidism ok C. Thyrotoxic crisis D. Tracheomalacia E. Postoperative hypothyroidism kr - The correct answer is: Hypoparathyroidism What is a sign of biological death? A. Absence of heartbeat B. Absence of consciousness C. Absence of breathing D. Algor mortis E. Absence of pulse Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok  - The correct answer is: Algor mortis An emergency medical team arrived at the scene of an accident 4 minutes after the accident occurred and found 5 victims. Carry out medical triage and determine the order in which the accident victims must be provided medical aid. Who must receive medical aid first in this case? A. The second passenger of the first car, a 6-year-old boy, has multiple facial lacerations B. The driver of the first car, a 32-year-old man, hit the steering wheel and y complains of chest pain em C. The passenger of the first car, a 27-year-old pregnant woman, somewhat agitated, complains of pain in the area of her right shoulder, other injuries not detected D. The driver of the second car, a 55-year-old man, hit the windshield and ad does not move, his condition is considered to be clinical death E. The passenger of the second car, a 57-year-old man, complains of pain in Ac the area of his right thigh, medium-sized brown spots appeared on the right leg of his pants, the spots do not increase in size - The correct answer is: The driver of the second car, a 55-year-old man, y hit the windshield and does not move, his condition is considered to be clinical death og Twenty-four-hour ECG monitoring has recorded 26 supraventricular ol extrasystoles in a 23-year-old patient. What would be the further doctor's tactics in this case? ok A. No pharmacological correction is needed B. Intravenous administration of amiodarone C. Calcium channel antagonist, administered emphper os kr D. Vagus nerve testing E. Intravenous administration of a beta-blocker - The correct answer is: No pharmacological correction is needed A healthy newborn baby whose mother is HBsAg-positive (+) needs to receive hepatitis B vaccination in the maternity hospital. What would be the optimal vaccination tactics in this case? A. Hepatitis B vaccine must be administered after 1 year Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok B. The child is already infected and therefore does not need to be vaccinated C. The child can be administered hepatitis B immunoglobulin after determining the HBsAg status D. Administer the first dose of the vaccine within 24 hours after birth, administer the second and the third dose at the age of 2 and 6 months, respectively E. Administer only hepatitis B immunoglobulin - The correct answer is: Administer the first dose of the vaccine within 24 hours after birth, administer the second and the third dose at the age of 2 y and 6 months, respectively em A 3-year-old girl was diagnosed with a bronchial asthma attack. Her saturation is 89%. She was taking no medicines. Choose the tactics for providing emergency care in this case. ad A. Oxygen inhalation, intravenous administration of an antihistamine drug B. Oxygen inhalation, intravenous administration of prednisolone Ac C. Oxygen inhalation, intravenous administration of Euphylline (Theophylline) D. Oxygen inhalation and glucocorticosteroid inhalations y E. Oxygen inhalation, repeated inhalations of short-acting beta-2-agonists - The correct answer is: Oxygen inhalation, repeated inhalations of og short-acting beta-2-agonists ol A 44-year-old man was hospitalized with a perforated stomach ulcer 5 hours after the onset of the disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by radiological ok pneumoperitoneum. Signs of diffuse peritonitis are increasing. The patient has a concomitant disease - schizophrenia. The man absolutely refuses surgery. What would be the surgeon's next steps in this case? kr A. Convene a council including the hospital administration and, based on the council's decision, immediately proceed with the patient's surgery B. Continue to persuade the patient until he consents to the surgery C. Carry out conservative treatment using the Taylor's method D. Refrain from surgical intervention and carry out comprehensive conservative treatment E. Notify the deputy chief physician and carry out conservative treatment until the patient consents to the surgery Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok  - The correct answer is: Convene a council including the hospital administration and, based on the council's decision, immediately proceed with the patient's surgery A 40-year-old woman is taking Mercazolil (Thiamazole) in the dose of 50 mg/day to treat Graves' disease. Two weeks after the start of the treatment, she noted a fever of 38.3^oС, a sore throat, and painful ulcers that appeared in her mouth. Complete blood count: erythrocytes - 3.2·10^12/L, Hb - 94 g/L, leukocytes - 1.1·10^9/L, ESR - 26 mm/hour. What is the most likely cause of y the deterioration of the patient's condition? A. Allergic reaction to Mercazolil (Thiamazole) em B. Development of agranulocytosis C. Aphthous stomatitis D. Acute respiratory viral infection ad E. Thyrotoxic crisis - The correct answer is: Development of agranulocytosis Ac During the examination of a deceased person at the site of an accident, a doctor detected gray-yellow triangular areas in the corners of the eye on the cornea. What phenomenon is observed by the doctor? y A. Idiomuscular tumor og B. Beloglazov sign ("cat's eye") C. Larcher spots D. Louis sign (corneal clouding) ol E. Kayser-Fleischer ring - The correct answer is: Larcher spots ok A newborn boy has been hospitalized with complaints of projectile vomiting kr with curdled milk and weight loss. The vomiting began on day 21 of life, the amount of stools and urine output decreased. What diagnostic method would be most informative in this case? A. Fibrogastroduodenoscopy B. Abdominal CT scan C. Abdominal X-ray D. Abdominal ultrasound E. Abdominal laparoscopy Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok  - The correct answer is: Fibrogastroduodenoscopy A 42-year-old man was hospitalized with complaints of shortness of breath, weakness, and constricting and burning chest pain that radiates into the left shoulder and left scapula. The pain syndrome occurred for the first time in his life after emotional and physical stress and lasts approximately 2 hours already; it slightly decreased, but did not disappear even after repeated sublingual administration of nitroglycerin and aspirin in the dose of 325 mg. Provisional diagnosis: acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation. Objectively, blood y pressure - 110/70 mm Hg, pulse - 98/min., rhythmic. Heart sounds are em weakened, no murmurs. ECG shows ST segment depression and a negative T wave in leads I, aVL, V3-V6. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case? A. Non-Q-wave anterolateral myocardial infarction B. First episode of angina pectoris ad C. Unstable angina pectoris D. Acute coronary syndrome with ST elevation Ac E. Non-Q-wave inferior myocardial infarction - The correct answer is: Non-Q-wave anterolateral myocardial infarction y An injured electrician in a state of clinical death is being resuscitated. ECG registers large-focal ventricular fibrillation. When, according to the clinical og practice guidelines for sudden circulatory arrest, must be medicines administered, namely, adrenaline solution and amiodarone solution? ol A. After the third defibrillation B. At the very beginning of the resuscitation measures ok C. After the first defibrillation D. After the second defibrillation E. After the fourth defibrillation kr - The correct answer is: After the third defibrillation A patient has developed a "raccoon eyes" sign ("spectacle hematoma") - blood has spread under the skin of the eyelids and conjunctiva of both eyes. Isolated streak-like hemorrhages are visible on the fundus. What injury can cause such changes? A. Cerebral contusion B. Subconjunctival scleral rupture Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok C. Basilar skull fracture D. Concussion E. Eyeball contusion - The correct answer is: Basilar skull fracture Against the background of a fever of 39.5^oС, a 2-year-old boy with an acute respiratory viral disease developed an attack of generalized tonic-clonic seizures with loss of consciousness. The attack lasted 3 minutes. After the attack, the child is conscious and mildly sleepy. Neurologically, no pathology y was detected, neuropsychological development corresponds with the child's em age. Previously, the child had no such attacks or any central nervous system disorders. What type of convulsive syndrome is most likely in the child? A. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizure B. Spasmophilia ad C. Symptomatic epilepsy D. Febrile seizures Ac E. Typical absences - The correct answer is: Febrile seizures A 62-year-old patient has been hospitalized with complaints of intense y retrosternal pain that lasts for one hour already and cannot be relieved with og nitroglycerin. The patient suffers from angina pectoris, previously the attacks could be relieved with nitrates. The patient has no other diseases. Objectively, ol cyanosis of the lips is observed. Heart sounds are dull and rhythmic. ECG shows elevation of ST segment in leads V4-V6. What drug must be ok immediately administered to the patient? A. Dimedrol (Diphenhydramine) B. No-spa (Drotaverine) kr C. Analgin (Metamizole sodium) D. Corglycon E. Actilyze (Alteplase) - The correct answer is: Actilyze (Alteplase) A 25-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized into the inpatient department based on the referral from the maternity clinic. She has a history of two spontaneous miscarriages. Examination detects pregnancy with the gestational Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok age of 14-15 weeks. Vaginally, the cervix is shortened, its outer orifice allows inserting a fingertip. The patient was diagnosed with isthmic cervical insufficiency. What would be the doctor's tactics in this case? A. Provide hormonal treatment B. Place a circular stitch on the cervix (cervical cerclage) C. Prescribe bed rest and sedatives D. Administer uterotonics, not waiting for a spontaneous abortion to occur E. Perform amniocentesis and terminate the pregnancy - The correct answer is: Place a circular stitch on the cervix (cervical y cerclage) em ad Ac y og ol ok kr Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok  2023 update Following are new and updated questions released by Testcenter website in 2023. 1. A 32-year-old patient suffers from epilepsy. Suddenly, without any cause, the patient became excited. Objectively, the patient is disoriented in the personal identity and environment, has visual and auditory hallucinations of threatening content and delusional ideas of reference and persecution. There are expressions of fear, anger, and rage on the patient's face. The patient's behavior is aggressive, accompanied by destructive actions. What y psychopathological syndrome is it? A. Delirium syndrome em B. Hebephrenic syndrome C. Paranoid syndrome D. Twilight state ad E. Manic syndrome 2. A 38-year-old man has been for many years suffering from epilepsy. Ac Three days ago, he had an episode of clouded consciousness that started suddenly and was accompanied by anger. In this state he was speaking nonsense, breaking furniture, and hit his wife. He remained in this state for about an hour, after which he fell asleep. Later he was claiming that he didn't y remember any of the events that had happened during the episode. What is the og most likely definition of this condition? A. Ambulatory automatism B. Twilight state ol C. Trance D. Fugue state ok E. Amentive state kr 3. A 44-year-old man was hospitalized with a perforated stomach ulcer 5 hours after the onset of the disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by pneumoperitoneum X-ray. Signs of spilled peritonitis are increasing. A concomitant disease is schizophrenia. The man flatly refused surgery. What are the surgeon's next steps? A. Refuse surgical intervention and carry out complex conservative treatment B. Continue to persuade the patient until his consent to the operation is obtained Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok C. Call a council with the participation of the hospital administration and, based on their decision, immediately operate on the patient D. Carry out conservative treatment according to Taylor's method E. Notify the hospital superintendent and administer conservative treatment until the patient consents to surgery 4. The average annual number of beds in City Clinical Hospital №1 is 540. Total number of operated patients - 850. Number of deaths after surgery - 5. y Number of postoperative complications - 34. What indicator can be calculated based on the above data? em A.Hospital mortality B. Postoperative mortality C.Postoperative activity ad D. Overall mortality E. Surgery Ac The correct answer is: Postoperative mortality 5. A nationwide strategy has been approved in Ukraine for tuberculosis y (TB) control, namely the implementation of a complex of phase action. This og applies to preventation, diagnosis, treatment. social assistance for patiets and promotion of healthy lifestyle. What is included in the medical prevention of TB? ol A. Regular examination of contacts with conducting chemoprophylaxis B. Solving social problems in society ok C. Conducting current and final desinfaction D. Hospitalize all active TB patients and treat them E. Vaccination, revaccination and chemoprophylaxis kr 6. A 25-year-old man with peptic ulcer of the duodenum, who during the examination N. pylori, increased acid-forming function of the stomach was detected, a seven-day course was completed eradication therapy in a standard dose (omeprazole + amoxicillin + metronidazole) during which he did not stop smoking. During the control examination after 4 weeks - respiratory the test is positive. What will be the further recommendations of the doctor? A. Strict adherence to diet Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok B. Repeat previous therapy C. Prescribe four-component therapy D. Prohibit smoking E. Prescribe long-term use of proton pump inhibitors The correct answer is: Prescribe four-component therapy 7. A 42-year-old patient complains of severe burning pains behind the sternum, which occurred approx an hour ago, after physical overload, cold y sweat, sharp general weakness. Objectively observed: the skin is clean, pale in color. Pulse- 72/min, blood pressure 190/100 mm Hg The boundaries of the em heart have not changed. Tones are weakened, clean. The ECG determines: sinus rhythm, correct. The amplitude of the Q wave in leads II, III, avF is equal to the amplitude of the R wave, duration 0.04 seconds. ST segment elevation 4 mm higher was registered in the same leads isolines Specify. the previous ad diagnosis. A. Circular myocardial infarction Ac B. Subendocardial myocardial infarction C. Basal myocardial infarction. D. Anterior lateral myocardial infarction E. Posterior diaphragmatic myocardial infarction y og - The correct answer is: Posterior diaphragmatic myocardial infarction ol 8. A young woman says that she suddenly smells unpleasant odors for a few seconds, after which she does not remember what is happening to her. At ok the same time, she bites her tongue, lets out urine, fails, bruises her body and head. Which condition is most likely to occur in a woman? A. Transient ischemic attack kr B. Syncope C. Hysterical fit D. Epileptic syndrome E. Collapse The correct answer is: Epileptic syndrome 9. A 51-year-old woman has been suffering from glomerulonephritis for 25 years. Recently appeared complaints of weakness, sleep disturbances, Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok dyspepsia, skin itching. Objectively observed: Heart rate 110/min, blood pressure- 180/120 mm Hg, sluggishness, pallor of the skin, edema. Heart sounds are rhythmic, dull, pleural friction noise. During auscultation, the lungs are heard moist rales in the lower regions. In the biochemical analysis of blood: creatinine - 0.9 mmol/l. Which one stage of chronic renal failure most likely developed in the patient? A. IV stage B. I stage C. II stage D. IIIstage y E. - em The correct answer is: III stage ad 10. In a 60-year-old man, who is undergoing inpatient treatment for an acute myocardial infarction, palpitations suddenly developed. Objectively observed: activity heart rhythmic, heart rate 140/min. On the ECG it was found: there is Ac no P wave, instead of it are F waves, of the same shape and amplitude, the QRS complex is not changed. What complication developed in the patient? A. Ventricular tachycardia B. Atrial fibrillation y C. Supraventricular tachycardia og D. Atrial flutter E. Sinus tachycardia ol The correct answer is: Atrial flutter ok 11. A 57-year-old patient complains of constant shortness of breath, which kr worsens during physical activity exertion, unproductive cough. more often in the morning. He has been ill for 12 years. Smokes over 40 years (20 cigarettes per day). From the anamnesis, it is known that he suffers from inflammation lungs Objectively observed: temperature 36.5 C, heart rate 22 per minute, pulse 80 bpm, blood pressure -140/80 mm Hg. art, cyanosis of the lips, over the lungs weakened vesicular breathing, a large number of scattered dry rales. Changes in which spirometric indicator most likely to indicate the pathophysiological mechanism of the patient's respiratory failure? A. Vital capacity of the lungs Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok B. SWIFT (peak expiratory flow rate) C. FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) D. FJEL (forced vital capacity of the lungs) E. Tifno index The correct answer is: FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) 12. A 16-year-old girl undergoes a preventive medical examination. During history taking, she reported that she had chicken pox at the age of 3. There are no other serious diseases in the anamnesis. Her parents did not refuse vaccinations, she was vaccinated in kindergarten and school in accordance with y the National Calendar of preventive vaccinations. Physical examination without em abnormalities. The appointment of which vaccines will be the most appropriate at the moment? A. DTP. MMR. HPV. B. Hepatitis B, DTP ad C. MMR HPV D. DTWP with lower dose of antigens, HPV Ac E. Hepatitis B. HPV The correct answer is: DTWP with lower dose of antigens, HPV y 13. A twelve-year-old girl is healthy. Physical and mental development og comesponds to the age. Harmonious physical development Whithin a year she was sick 4 imes an acute respiratory viral infection, acute angina and flu. To which health group does the girl belong? ol A. II group ok B. I group C. IV group D. V group kr E. Il group The correct answer is II group 14. A woman turned to a doctor with complaints that her husband, 47-year-old, has a behavior changes about 5 years ago. He became irritable, anxious, began to make erratic, uncontrolable movements and during the last year ecame aggresive, incoordination movements ad mke a grimace. During the examination: absent abstract thinking, moderate decrease in connitive Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok functionns, decreased muscle tone, ataxia,oooculoomotor apraxia re observed. An MRII examination of the brain revealed atrophy of the corteex of the frontaa lobes and the caudate nucleus. Specify the probbable diagnosis. A. Parkinson's disease B. Hepatolenticular dystrophy C. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease D. Huntington's disease E. Dyscirculatory atherosclerotic encelopathy The correct answer is Huntington's disease y em 15. The industrial enterprise dicharges insufficiently treated industrial effluents into the river. Water from the river is used for domestic water suplly. It causes death of some microorganisms, disruption of processes self-purification ad of water and deterioration of its qulity, which can used to have a negative mpact on people's health. How is called such action of enviromental factors? A. Linked Ac B. Complex C. Direct D. Combined E. Indirect y - The correct answer is: Indirect og 16. A 30-year-old man was involved in an accident. He is unconscious. ol There is profuse bleeding on the left side of his neck, bright red in colour. What will be the correct method to stop bleeding? ok A. Apply a bandage B. Put a splint on the neck C. Maximum overextension of the neck kr D. Transfer to a stable position E. Finger pressure, Mikulichs method The correct answer is Finger pressure, Mikulich method 17. A patient with an acute hemorrhagic stroke reacts to words and touches with a groan, lies with close eyes, does not open them independently, with Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok passive opening the eyes are turned to the right, the left limbs fall "like a whip, the right limbs respond b bending to painful stimuli. Assess the patient's level of consciousness according to the Glasgow scale A. a Eye 2/ Verbal 3/ Motor 3-8 poins (severe) B. Eye 1 / Verbal 2/ Motor 3-6 poins (severe) C. Eye 1/ Verbal 0/ Motor 3-4 poins (severe) D. Eye 1/ Verbal 4/ Motor 4-9 poins (moderate) E. Eye 3/ Verbal 1/ Motor 6-10 poins (moderate) The correct answer is: Eye 1/ Vertial 2/ Motor 3 6 poins severe) y em 18. A 16-year-old patient suddenly had a seizure during the examination at the military base palpitation. On the ECG, the following is observed: the ad rhythm is correct, the heart rate is 180 per 1 min, the PQ interval is 0.08 c. The QRS is slightly widened, on the rising knee of the R wave there is a delta wave, attacks heart palpitations bother often. What type of invasive intervention is Ac indicated in this case? A. Aorto-coronary bypass B. Pericardial puncture C. Installation of a pacemaker y D. Ablation of an additional conduction pathway og E. Percutaneous angioplasty ol The correct answer is: Ablation of an additional conduction pathway ok 19. The mother of a 6-month-old child complains that her child has seizures kr and exhibits regression of acquired skills. During examination, the child is inert, has dry skin, reduced muscle tone, and light-colored hair, but presents with no lags in physical development. The child's urine has a moldy smell. What pathology must be ruled out in this child? A. Homocystinuria B. b. Alkaptonuria C. Tyrosinemia D. Phenylketonuria E. Albinism Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok The correct answer is: Phenylketonuria 20. A 44-year-old man was hospitalized with a diagnosis of follicular angina. Body temperature-38.60° C, skin and mucous membranes of normal color. HR-102/min. BP-130/70 mm Hg IN clinical blood analysis revealed: erythrocytes-2.7x10 12/1, Hb-90 g/L, CP-10, leukocytes-35x109/1, indifferentiated blests-62%, rods-2 sy 14% 1-14%, m-2%, ESR-46 mm/h. What disease should be suspected in the patient? A. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B. Leukemoid reaction y C. Chronic myeloid leukemia em D. Acute leukemia E. Acute agranulocytosis The correct answer in Acute leukemia ad 21. A patient suffering from scleroderma recently began to notice marked dryness in mould feeling of and in the eyes and richess of the sclera glands Ac increase in sizes, compacted to the touch. A manifestation of which complication are the mentioned symptoms? A. Cystic fibrosis y B. Shegren's disease og C. Felty's syndrome D. Sjogren's syndrome E. Reiter's syndrome ol The comect answer is Sjogren's syndrome ok 22. A newborn with hemolytic disease according to Rh factor fave a Rh(+) blood group, in mother A thi.What blood should be transfused during kr replacement blood transfusion A. A(II)Rh(+) B. B(III)Rh(-) C. O(I)Rh(+) D. A(II)Rh(-) E. O(I)Rh(-) The correct answer is O(I)Rh(-) Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok 174. Human body receives from the atmosphere a number of chemicals. What type of action results in the combined effect that is less than the sum of isolated effects of these chemicals on the body? A. Antagonism B. Potentiation C. Isolated action D. Synergistic action E. Complex action 74. A 58-year-old woman undergoing chemotherapy for her oncologic disorder y has developed sore throat. Examination revealed necrotic areas on the mucosa of the pharynx and tonsils. Many of her teeth are afflicted with caries. In blood: em neutrophilic granulocytes are practically absent against the background of leukopenia. Leukocytes are represented mainly by lymphocytes and monocytes. What disease can be suspected in the given case? ad A.Agranulocitar tonsillitis B. Lacunar tonsillitis C. Pseudomembranous (Vincent’s) tonsillitis Ac D.Syphilitic tonsillitis E. Diphtheria y ​ og ol ok kr Academy.krokology.com Complete guide to pass your krok