Higher Colleges of Technology CLO4: Health and Safety Management System PDF

CLO4: Recognize the components of an effective health and safety management system Learning Outcome 4.1 Work Health & Safety HSC 1123  2 CLO 4.1: Recognize the factors contributing to incidents/accidents with attention t...

CLO4: Recognize the components of an effective health and safety management system Learning Outcome 4.1 Work Health & Safety HSC 1123  2 CLO 4.1: Recognize the factors contributing to incidents/accidents with attention to various human factors which can cause accidents 1. List the direct factors contributing to incidents/accidents at the workplace 2. Differentiate between the different types of human errors (errors of omission/errors of commission) 3. Analyze the components of accident/incident investigation  Open Discussion 3 Why Do Accidents Happen?  4 FIVE direct factors that could cause accidents 1. Personal characteristics 2. Job characteristics 3. Equipment used 4. Physical environment 5. Social environment  5 1. Personal Characteristics Factors affecting hazard recognition, taking decisions, and the ability to act appropriately: Age & Gender: younger people have more accidents (ages 15-24, mostly young males) Job Experience: 70% of accidents occur within the first 3 years Stress, fatigue, drugs and alcohol use  6 2. Job Characteristics and 3. Equipment Used Job characteristics: such as high physical workload, high mental workload. Equipment: where most of the safety analysis is performed Controls and Displays: poorly designed or difficult to use Electrical Hazards: occurs when a person is doing repairs and another person accidently turns the circuit on Mechanical Hazards: results in cutting of skin, crushing, breaking Pressure and Toxic Substance Hazards: irritants, systemic poison & carcinogens  7 4. Physical Environment Illumination: Affects contract and vision Noise and Vibration: Affects control and health Temperature and Humidity: Heat exhaustion and restrictive clothing Fire Hazards: Open flames, electric sparks and hot surfaces Radiation Hazards: Radioactive material causes damage to human tissue Falls: Resulting in injury or death  8 5. Social Environment Human behavior is influenced by social context For example: Experienced clinical lab technicians who do not wear gloves/masks while working in the lab may negatively affect the behavior of unexperienced technicians.  9 Human factors contributing to accidents: Errors Errors are unintended actions. They are usually mistakes or lapses that occur during repetitive tasks, such as pressing the wrong button or missing a step in a procedure. These errors can be reduced by improving the design of the system. Two types of Human Errors: 1. Errors of Omission 2. Errors of Commission  10 Types of Human Errors 1. Errors of Omission: operator fails to perform a procedural step. Examples: - Forgetting to close the gas stove - A radiographer forgets to protect the pelvis and lower body trunk of a patient whilst performing a chest X-ray  11 Types of Human Errors (Cont’d) 2. Errors of Commission: operator performs extra steps that are incorrect or performs a step incorrectly. Examples: - Administering a wrong medication to the patient - Administering the wrong dosage of a medication - Administering medication to the wrong patient - Performing a surgical procedure on the wrong patient  12 Accident/Incident Investigation Injuries and illnesses do occur. Conduct an accident/incident investigation to find the existing hazard(s) that resulted in the injury or illness. An effective way to prevent injuries and illnesses from recurring by taking measures to correct or eliminate the hazard(s).  13 Accident/Incident Investigation A Comprehensive Guide to Conducting Workplace Accident Investigations - Safety Training - YouTube  14 Steps of Accident/Incident Investigation 1. Visit accident scene before the physical evidence is disturbed 2. Make visual records (Sketches, Photographs, Notes, Condition of Area) 3. Determine what accident-related items can be preserved 4. Identify the people who can help determine accident cause(s) (Witness) 5. Interview witnesses as soon as possible 6. Document/report/review information of accident  15 Common FIVE W-questions to ask during accident investigation 1. WHEN did the accident occur? 2. WHO was involved in the accident? 3. WHERE did the accident occur? 4. WHAT were the persons involved doing at that time? 5. WHY did the accident happen?  Thank You 800 MyHCT (800 www.hct.ac.ae 69428)