Pharmacy Orientation Lecture (2024/2025) - Sinai University PDF

Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2024/2025) (2023/2024) Pharmacy Orientation...

Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2024/2025) (2023/2024) Pharmacy Orientation PT 101 Lecture No. (1) Pharmacy Careers By Dr. Yasmin Mortagi Assistant Professor of Pharmaceutics & Industrial Pharmacy 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 1  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2024/2025) (2023/2024) Lecture’s Aim After completing this course, students should be able to: Describe the mission of pharmacy, role of pharmacist in society, the responsibility of pharmacist and the skills required to become a pharmacist. Compare between various pharmacy careers and educational requirements. Identify pharmaceutical dosage forms and routes of administration. Read the prescription and determine the medication errors. Perform accurate pharmaceutical calculations. Learn about prescription and its contents. Know the ancient Arabic pharmacists and their achievements in the fields of pharmacy. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 2  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2024/2025) (2023/2024) Lecture’s Competencies 1.C1.1 Define pharmacy, drug, excipients and describe classification of drugs, pharmacy careers, pharmaceutical organizations, information resources and sources of drugs, the right pharmaceutical and medical terminology, different types of pharmaceutical dosage forms, and study the history of pharmacy. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 3  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2024/2025) (2023/2024) Lecture’s Contents Introduction Scope of pharmacy Pharmacy Education Pharmacy Careers 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 4  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Introduction The word pharmacy is derived from the Greek word pharmakon, meaning medicine or drug. Pharmacy Pharmacy has been defined as that profession which is concerned with: - Preparing and dispensing medications. - Compounding, labeling and dispensing of drugs and medical devices. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 5  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) - Provision of drugs and related information to the public. - Interpretation of the prescription orders. 6 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 25/03/1446 6  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Pharmacist - A pharmacist is one who is educated and licensed to dispense drugs and provide drug information, an expert on drugs. - He is the most accessible member of today's health-care team and often the first source of assistance and advice on many common health care matters. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 7  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Drug - A drug is a material that has a pharmacological effect, this material may be natural in origin (plant, animal, mineral), synthetic e.g. aspirin or may be semisynthetic e.g. ampicillines. -When such drug is mixed with other ingredients (or even by itself), packed and labeled then dispensed, it described as a medicine. - Pharmaceutical products or medicines should be safe, effective, and reliable. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 8  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Nature and Sources of Drugs 1- Plant Source: Various parts of plants may be used as sources of dugs e.g. Senna leaves, Digoxin (Lannet®, Lanoxin®) 2- Animal Source: Insulin ( Mix Tard®, Act Rapid®) is obtained from the pancreas of different animals as cattle and pigs, while Heparin is obtained from the liver or lung tissue of pigs and it is used as anticoagulant. 3- Mineral Source: as Magnesium sulfate, Zinc and iodine. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 9  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 4- Microorganism: as fungi and bacteria are important sources of antibiotics e.g. Penicillin. 5- Synthetic drugs: Many drugs are nowadays being produced in laboratory by synthetic chemist e.g. Aspirin and Paracetamol 6- Biotechnology: has been recently introduced which enabled us to prepare many of the drugs having complex chemical structure. Through this approach the following drugs were prepared: Vaccines Antibiotics 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 10  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Pharmacy Education - Either faculty of pharmacy give a five-year program to get the Bachelor degree in pharmaceutical sciences. - Or six-year program to get Pharm D. The curriculum consists mainly of courses in: - Pharmaceutics - Pharmacology - Organic chemistry - Pharmaceutical chemistry - Biochemistry -pharmacy laws - Clinical pharmacy - Pharmacognosy - Microbiology - Mathematics and management courses In Egypt three main degrees are awarded: - Bachelor degree in pharmaceutical science (B.Pharm.) or (Pharm D). - Master degree in pharmaceutical science (M.Sc.). This requires a minimum of two years beside one year of courses. - Doctor in philosophy in pharmaceutical science (Ph.D.). 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 11  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Diplomas - In addition some faculties award diploma. There are many diplomas in the field of pharmacy. 1- Diploma in cosmetics 2- Diploma in hospital pharmacy 3- Diploma in clinical pharmacy 4- Diploma in drug design 5- Diploma in quality control 6- Diploma in medicinal plants 7- Diploma in biochemistry 8- Diploma in pharmacology 9- Diploma in microbiology 10- Diploma in organic chemistry 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 12  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) Pharmacy Careers: Governmental employment Industrial pharmacy Hospital pharmacy Community pharmacy Military pharmacy Academic field Family planning Training of other health care workers 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 13  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 1- Governmental employment Governmental employed pharmacists either working in the central administration of pharmaceutical affairs or in administrative services are responsible for: - Planning and applying health and drug policies. - Distributing drugs to government hospitals and pharmacies. - Inspection. - Registration, approval and quality control of drug products, cosmetics and medical devices. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 14  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 2- Industrial pharmacy The pharmacist may hold a position in: - Manufacture and production. - Research and development (R&D). - Quality control and quality assurance. - Sales and marketing. - Clinical trials and drug information. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 15  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 3- Hospital pharmacy It is the practice of pharmacy in hospitals, clinics and drug information center. In theses settings the pharmacists: - Dispense medication to in-patients and prepare sterile solutions and admixture for injection. - Advise patients on the use of drugs and provide direct patient care. - Monitor drug regimens and evaluate drug use. - Take part in the analysis of drugs in body fluids and participate in the planning of clinical trials. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 16  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 4- Community pharmacy Community pharmacists are the health professionals most accessible to public. They provide several functions such as: - Provide distribution of prescribed drugs. - Give advice on the treatment of minor health problems and may suggest OTC drugs. - Monitor drug utilization and control drugs with potential for abuse or misuse. - Compound prescriptions to meet patient needs. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 17  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 5- Military pharmacy - Pharmacists are responsible for: -Manufacture of pharmaceutical products. -Distribute drugs to military areas and hospitals. -Dispense drugs to personnel working in the army. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 18  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 6- Academic field - Pharmacists in the academic field may work in many activities such as: - Education. - Research. - Continuing education. 19 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 25/03/1446 19  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 7- Family planning - Pharmacists are hired in family planning sectors to provide services such as: - Inform and educate women about the use of contraceptive pills. - Inform and educate people about other methods for contraception. - Advise and educate mothers especially in rural areas about the importance of child care. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 20  Pharm D Program (2023/2024) 8- Training of other health care workers - Training provided by pharmacists includes: Optimizing of drug therapy. Promoting the rational use of drugs. Promoting ways to reduce drug abuse. Drug storage and stability. 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 21  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2024/2025) (2023/2024) Lecture’s References 1. Aulton, Michael E., and Kevin Taylor, eds. Aulton's pharmaceutics: the design and manufacture of medicines. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2013. 2. Remington, Joseph Price. Remington: the science and practice of pharmacy. Vol. 1. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006 3. Essential Medicines and Health Products Information Portal A World Health Organization resource Ensuring good dispensing practices Part II: Pharmaceutical management, chapter 30. March 2012. http://www.msh.org/ 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 22  Pharm PharmDDProgram Program (2024/2025) (2023/2024) 28 September 2024 www.su.edu.eg 23