Weapons ESWS Study Guide PDF

[ **Weapons ESWS Study Guide**] **[5" 62 CALIBER MK 45 MOD 4 LWG]** The MK 45 Mod 4 Light Weight Gun is a fully automated single-barrel weapon that stows, aims, and fires 5"/62 caliber ammunition. The MK 45 Mod 4 provides surface escort vessels with a weapon for firing Semifixed Ammunition consist...

[ **Weapons ESWS Study Guide**] **[5" 62 CALIBER MK 45 MOD 4 LWG]** The MK 45 Mod 4 Light Weight Gun is a fully automated single-barrel weapon that stows, aims, and fires 5"/62 caliber ammunition. The MK 45 Mod 4 provides surface escort vessels with a weapon for firing Semifixed Ammunition consisting of a 70lb standard projectile and a 35lb Standard Charge at surface craft, low altitude aircraft, and shore targets. The gun can fire standard projectiles at a rate of 15 to 20 rounds per minute. Gun mount operations are controlled by the EP1, EP2, and EP3 panels. The EP1 panel is located in the loader room and is for 440V Normal and 440V alternate power distribution. It also supplies 440V Emergency and 115 control supply with an emergency battery backup to fire one round. The EP2 panel is also located in the loader room and is the local control/test/status display panel for the gun system. The EP3 is a status panel located down in the magazine. It provides the Magazine Crew with the type of ammunition to be loaded. EP4 and EP5 are maintenance panels used for displaying the exact Train and Elevation of the barrel. The EP4 (Elevation) is located inside the weather shield Starboard side and EP5 (Train) is port side. The MK 45 can be fired from three locations. GFCS, GMCP, and the EP2 Local control panel. The EP2 has three firing modes: Local, remote, and emergency. **Hot Gun:** 50 Rounds in 4 hours With a Standard Powder... **Maximum Range:** 13 Nautical Miles **Max Effective Range:** 9 Nautical Miles **MK 34 MOD 8:** is the overall Gun Weapon System. It is comprised of the GFCS, EOSS, GMCP, MK 160, Velocimeter, and the MK 45 MOD 4. **GFCS (Gun Fire Control System):** is the primary remote-control firing station for the 5" weapon system located in CIC. **MK 20 MOD 0 EOSS (Electro Optical Sensor System):** Primary used for Battle Damage Assessment. EOSS has two cameras located on the 06 level above the bridge. DIS (Daylight Imaging Senor) and TIS (Thermal Imagining Senor) The camera is operated from CIC next to the GFCS. EOSS also has a ELRF (Eye-safe Laser Range Finder) used to find distance to objects and create organic tracking data. **GMCP** **(Gun Mount Control Panel):** is a compact panel located next to the EP2, provides redundancy to the GFCS only used for casualties. **MK 160:** Functions as the fire control suite. It interfaces with the ships combat system, processes target data, resolves the fire control problem and generates a gun positioning order. **Velocimeter:** Mounted to the barrel of MK 45 MOD 4, the velocimeter measures the muzzle initial velocity (IV) of the fired projectile. Readings are feed into MK 160 to help improve accuracy of the next round. **Safeties:** 1. **Safety Link:** Physically holds recoiling parts in battery for maintenance. Manually disconnected before firing. 2. **SMX16 Upper Accumulator Motor Safety Switch:** Removable switch on the EP1 that when set to run allows Upper Acc Motor to energize. 3. **SMX15 Lower Accumulator Motor Safety Switch:** Removable switch on the EP1 that when set to run allows Lower Acc Motor to energize. 4. **SMF1 Firing Control Switch:** Removable switch on the EP2 that allows firing voltage to be sent to the firing pin. 5. **Mount Intrusion Barrier:** Barrier to prevent techs from entering the upper gun when gun could move. Unlocked by SMX16. **5"62 CALIBER MK 45 MOD 4 AMMUNITION TYPES** ### Projectile Uses 1. **High Explosive-Point Detonating (HE-PD)-** used against surface and land targets. 2. **Variable Time-Non-Fragmentation (VT-NONFRAG)-** used for training against air targets. 3. **Blind Loaded and Plugged** (**BL&P)**- Designed for target practice, ranging, and proving ground tests. 4. **White Phosphorus (WP**)- used against land targets and anti-personnel. 5. **High Explosive-Controlled Variable Time (HE-CVT)-** used against land, surface, and air targets. 6. **High Explosive-Multi Function Fuse (HE-MFF)** Used against air targets 7. **High Explosive-Electronically Timed (HE-ET)** used against small craft and anti-personnel. 8. **Kinetic Energy Electronically Timed (KE-ET)** used against small craft and anti-personnel. 9. Propelling Charges Uses ----------------------- 1. Standard Charge- Also called a full charge, it delivers the most energy to the projectile ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2. Reduced Charge- Same size as a standard charge but delivers less energy to the projectile ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3. Clearing Charge- half the size of a standard charge, it delivers enough energy to clear the gun of misfired ammunition. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- **[Phalanx Close In Weapon System Block 1B Baseline 2]** CIWS can automatically search, track and fire on air targets. During firing, the ammunition feed system removes rounds from the front of the drum, located under the gun, and feeds them through the chute conveyor system to the gun receiver. After each round is fired, the empty case is conveyed back to the rear of the drum. The M61A1 Gun provides a fire rate of 3000 (Surface) or 4500 (Air) rounds per minute. The Drum has a capacity of 1550 20mm Enhanced Lethality Cartridges with discarding sabot. The gun is electrically controlled and pneumatically driven. The gun consists of a rotating cluster of six barrels with a breech bolt for each barrel. CIWS is primarily designed to automatically engage Anti-Ship Missiles and low slow flyers that penetrate the ship's primary defensive system. Upgrades to the system have enabled the ability to manually engage surface threats with the support of the Phalanx Thermal Imager (PTI). **[CONTROLLING STATIONS:]** **LCS** -- Local Control Station -- CIWS tech use for maintenance and to fire mount locally. **RCS** -- Remote Control Station -- Main tactical control in CIC to fire remotely. **[MODES OF OPERATION: ]** **Standby** -- Powers all electronics **Air Ready**- Pac fires, weapons posture 2(underway), maintenance modes and Aegis Handover **AAW Manual**- Search, auto track, fires with operator's assistance **AAW Auto**-Search, auto track **auto fire when hold fire is released** **Surface-** Manually engage surface targets using the Phalanx Thermal Imager and joystick **[RADAR CAPABILITIES:]** SEARCH - 40 NM TRACK - 10 NM ENGAGE -- First hit at 1 NM **[SAFETIES: ]** **Clearing Sector Holdback Tool** -- Manually fastened to the gun, when installed it diverts rounds from the firing path to the clearing path. It physically prevents rounds from entering the firing path. **Mount Safety** **Switch** -- On bulkhead by the mount, it prevents mount movement allowing techs to safely work on the mount **Fire Circuit Integrity Key** -- Located in the Electronic Enclosure (ELX) it completes electrical path for the firing voltage to run up to the gun **Hold Fire** - LCS pushbutton removes final firing safety **Pre-Arm/Arm/Safe** - LCS pushbutton which arms the gun **Safety Connector Plug** - Plug on LCS that removes signals needed for Air Ready **Standby Maintenance Key** - Key switch on LCS to give/take control of mount to/from the RCS **[Requirements from Ship]:** Fire main 440VAC 60 Hz 3 phase and ships gyro for true heading. **[Pre Aim Calibration (PAC):]** it is used to ensure that all rounds are hitting the same area/target. **[Hot Gun:]** 300 Rounds in 5 Minutes **[Max Effective Engagement Range:]** 2000 yards or 1 NM **[MK 38 MOD 3 25MM Machine Gun System]** The Mk 38 Mod 3 is a Lightweight Naval Machine Gun System that provides a stabilized firing platform for the Bushmaster M242 25mm Chain Gun and MK 52 7.62 Machine Gun. **25MM Ammunition types** APDS-T: Armor Piercing Discarding Sabot-Tracer HEI-T: High Explosive Incendiary-Tracer, TP-T: Target Practice-Tracer SAPHEI-T: Semi Armor Piercing High Explosive-Tracer **Ammunition Capacity:** 168 rounds **Maximum range:** 16,404 yards (15 000 meters) **Maximum Effective Range:** 2,953 yards (2 700 meters) **Firing modes:** Single-shot, low-burst, high-burst, low-continuous, high continuous **Rate of Fire:** Low: 100 rounds per minute, High: 180 rounds per minute **Hot Gun:** 100 Rounds in 15 minutes **Remote Operator Consoles (ROC)** Main operating station. Two on the bridge each controlling one gun. **Power Distribution** Each mount has two 24-28VDC batteries that provide an uninterruptible power source to the gun. Each battery is continuously charged by 115Vac 60Hz Ships power. If ships power is lost the gun can still preform at full performance for at least 15 minutes. **Fire Control** The Mk 38 Mod 3 features an advanced fire control capability. Lead angle and elevation are automatically calculated and fed to the weapon system. (No radar input) **Mk 48 Mod 0 Electro-Optical Sight (EOS)** Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) Camera allowing Night time detection Auto and Manual Target Tracking Accurate Range Measurements using the Laser Range Finder (LRF) **MODES OF OPERATION** **Surveillance Mode (SUR):** Surveillance Mode is used for surveillance and observation with the EOS without continuous gun movement. **Engagement (ENG):** The primary battle mode, In Engagement mode, the gun's line of fire continuously follows the EOS line of sight, and firing is enabled **Manual (MAN):** A backup mode in case of a failure of automatic gun laying systems. Gun aiming and firing are performed manually locally from the mount **Service (SRV):** Used for maintenance of the gun mount. **Home Position (HOME):** Is used to quickly maneuver the gun into a predefined orientation, most often used to load/reload ammunition and/or to service the gun. **Built-In Test:** Initiates a software system test. The test verifies proper operation of the system. **25MM SAFETIES** **Software limits:** Programmed firing cutouts to stop the gun from shooting the ship. **Mechanical limits:** Hard stoppers preventing the gun from shooting the ship. **Manual Safety**: prevents the firing pin from striking the round. **Safety Manual Switch (SMS):** Prevents mount movement so techs can safely do maintenance/reload. **General Ammunition Color Coding** 1\. **Yellow Stripe**- Indicates High Explosive 5\. **Gray with Dark Green Bands**- Indicates a toxic agent other than binary agents 7\. **Gray with violet band**- Identifies ammunition with an incapacitating agent filler 8\. **White Stripe-** Illuminating ammo or ammo producing colored light 9\. **Light Blue-** Used for training or firing practice 10\. **Bronze-** dummy/drill/inert ammo used for handling and loading training. 12\. **Aluminum-** Armor Piercing Incendiary 13\. **Black-** Identifies armor-defeating ammunition 14\. **Red-** Tracer  **SMALL ARMS WEAPONS** **M18 Pistol** **Max Range: Max Effective Range:** 5900 FT. (1800 Meters) 50 Meters (55 Yards) **Safeties:** Manual Safety **Ammunition:** Ball **Condition Codes:** 1. Magazine inserted, Round in chamber, slide forward, safety on 2. Not applicable 3. Magazine inserted, chamber empty, slide forward, safety on 4. Magazine Removed, chamber empty, slide forward, safety on **M4 Rifle** **Max Range: Max Effective Range:** 11,811 FT (3,600 Meters) 1,640 FT (500 Meters) **Safeties:** Selector Lever **Ammunition:** M855 Ball, M200 Blank **Condition Codes:** 1. Magazine inserted, Round in chamber, slide forward, safety on 2. Not applicable 3. Magazine inserted, chamber empty, slide forward, safety on 4. Magazine Removed, chamber empty, slide forward, safety on **M-500 SHOTGUN** **Max Range: Max Effective Range:** 1980 FT. (604 Meters) 150 FT. (46 Meters) **Safeties:** Safety Button **Ammunition:** 12 Gauge 00 Buckshot 12 Gauge Slug **Condition Codes:** 1. Magazine tube filled, Round in chamber, action closed, safety on 2. Not applicable 3. Magazine tube filled, chamber empty, action closed, safety on 4. Magazine tube empty, chamber empty, action closed, safety on **M-14 Rifle** **Max Range: Max Effective Range:** 12,221 FT. (3725 Meters) 460 Meters (500 Yards) **Safeties:** Safety Button **Ammunition:** M80 Ball, M64 Grenade **Condition Codes:** 1. Magazine inserted, Round in chamber, slide forward, safety on 2. Not applicable 3. Magazine inserted, chamber empty, slide forward, safety on 4. Magazine Removed, chamber empty, slide forward, safety on **CREW SERVED WEAPONS** **M2A1.50 Caliber Heavy Machine Gun** **Max Range:** 6767 Meters (7400 Yards) **Max Effective Range:** 1829 Meters (2000 Yards) **Safeties:** Trigger Block **Ammunition:** Ball, Armor-Piercing, Incendiary, Tracer, API, APIT **Cyclic Rate of Fire:** 450-600 Rounds Per Minute **Description:** Automatic, recoil operated, disintegrating metallic link, belt-fed, air cooled with fixed head space that fires from the closed bolt. **Hot Gun:** 200 rounds in 2 minutes **Condition Codes:** 1. Ammunition on feed tray, bolt forward, round in the chamber, cover assembly closed. 2. Not applicable. 3. Ammunition on feed tray, bolt forward on empty chamber, cover assembly closed. 4. No ammunition present on the feed tray, bolt forward on an empty chamber, cover assembly closed. **M240B Medium** **Machine Gun** **Max Range: Max Effective Range:** 3725 Meters Area: 1800 Meters Point: 800 Meters **Safeties:** Safety Switch **Ammunition:** 7.62mm Linked 100 Round Belt (four ball to one tracer) **Cyclic Rate of Fire:** 650-1050 Rounds Per Min. **Description:** Automatic, Air-Cooled, Link Belt Fed, Gas Operated weapon that fires from the Open Bolt **Hot Gun:** 200 rounds in 2 minutes **Condition Codes:** 1. Ammunition on feed tray, bolt locked to the rear, weapon on safe. 2. Not applicable. 3. Ammunition on feed tray, bolt forward on empty chamber, weapon on fire. 4. Feed tray clear, bolt forward on empty chamber, weapon on fire. **Weapon Descriptions:** **Stoppage:** An unintentional interruption of the weapon to fire. **Malfunction:** Failure of the weapon to operate as designed. Weapon can still fire but with reduced effectiveness. **Immediate Action:** Returning the weapon to normal operation after a stoppage without investigation. **Remedial Action:** Is the investigation into the cause of a stoppage and returning the weapon to operation. **Hang Fire:** A delay in the firing of a round after the trigger is pulled. **Misfire:** The failure of a round to fire. **Hot Gun:** The Point at which the barrel has reached significant temperature that a cook off could occur. **Cook Off:** When a round is discharged down range due to the high temperature of the barrel. **In Bore Explosion:** The detonation of a projectiles explosive charge due barrel temperature. **Squib Load:** When a fired projectile does not have enough force behind it to exit the barrel/ falls extremely short of target. **MK** **32 Mod 15 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes:** Is a 3-tube launcher capable of launching MK 46 or MK 54 torpedoes. Before launch the tubes are manually trained out to 45 degrees. Primarily fired from Sonar and CIC, it can also be fired locally from the mount. A torpedo is launched by a rapid discharge of pressure from an air flask pressurized to 1650 psi +/- 50 psi located directly behind the torpedo. MK 46 and 54 Torpedoes come in 3 variants: **WARSHOT:** Is a Non-recoverable fully functional torpedo with sonar suite, warhead and engine. **EXERCISE:** Is a recoverable torpedo equipped with a sonar suite and engine but lacks a warhead. **REXTORP:** Is a recoverable torpedo that lacks a sonar suite, warhead or engine. Every WARSHOT torpedo was launched at least once as an EXERCISE Torpedo. During post launch maintenance, a warhead is added to the now proven torpedo and returned to the fleet. **Otto Fuel II:** Is a non-explosive, shock insensitive liquid monopropellant designed for torpedoes named after its developer, Otto Reitlinger. It can continue to burn in the absence of oxygen as it creates its own. Otto II Fuel is an oily, free-flowing, orange-red liquid that is denser than water and smells of burnt almonds. Otto Fuel II vapors are toxic if inhaled, serious headaches could result. Fresh air and a cup of hot, black, caffeinated coffee generally alleviate adverse effects. If spilled onboard ships, any quantity is a major spill. If ignited becomes a Class Delta Fire. **Mount Names:** Mounts 501 thru 5011: are single mounted M2HB 50cal Mount 51: is the MK 45 Mod 4 Light Weight Gun Mounts 22: is the Phalanx Close In Weapon System Mounts 241 and 242: are single mounted M240B. Mounts 251 and 252: MK 38 MOD 3 25MM Machine Gun System SVTT: Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes