Network Topologies PDF

Network Topologies Network Topology: Definition refers to the arrangement of different elements like nodes, links, or devices in a computer network. 2 Concepts of Network Topology Physical Logical Physical Network Topology is the “actual” arrangement and placement of all...

Network Topologies Network Topology: Definition refers to the arrangement of different elements like nodes, links, or devices in a computer network. 2 Concepts of Network Topology Physical Logical Physical Network Topology is the “actual” arrangement and placement of all workstations, devices, and physical media like cables within the network. Logical Network Topology presents more on how data flows within a network and the path that it travel between devices. Types of Physical Topology Point-to-Point there is a direct connection between two devices, such as routers, switches, or computers in which it provides a single communication path. Types of Physical Topology Point-to-Multipoint one central device (such as a router) connects to multiple other devices, creating a single Example 1: Corporate router connecting to multiple connection point from the central branches thru fibre cable device to various endpoints. Example 2: Satellite dishes connecting to multiple branches  Types of Physical Topology Bus devices are connected to a single, continuous cable, called the "bus”. Data is sent across this cable, and only the addressed device can access it. Pros: Minimal cabling required Cheap to install due to minimal cabling Cons: Fault Tolerance - refers to a computer or a network system’s ability to automatically detect and resolve issues, minimizing Not fault tolerant the impact on performance. Types of Physical Topology Star (Hub-and-Spoke) all devices are connected to a central intermediary device such as hub or switch with individual cables. Pros: Minimal impact to outages Cons: Dependent to the intermediary device Types of Physical Topology Ring Each computer is directly connected to the next one to forming a continuous loop. Data travels from one device to another until it returns to the source. Prone to disruption when a device is added or removed  Checkpoint Question What is the key difference between Bus and Ring Topology in terms of data transmission and network structure? A. In Bus topology, data travels in a single direction, while in Standard Ring topology, data travels in both directions. B. In Bus topology, all devices share a single communication line, while in Ring topology, each device is connected in a closed loop. C. In Bus topology, if one device fails, the entire network fails, while in Ring topology, only the failed device is affected. D. Both topologies require a central hub for data transmission. Types of Physical Topology Mesh Full Mesh – where all devices in the network are each device is connected to connected. Prevents collision of data. every other device, providing multiple paths for data. Pros: Fault Tolerant Partial Mesh – Only selected device Cons: have direct connection to others to balance out the Cost due to cabling necessity cost and fault tolerance Types of Physical Topology Hybrid combines two or more different types of network topologies within the same network and each of which contains its own nodes. Source: hiTechMV Takeaways on designing a network topology 1. Cost: How much can you spend on the setup and maintenance? 2. Fault tolerance: How much reliability and uptime does your network need? 3. Scalability: Will the network grow, and how easily can it be reconfigured? 4. Security: How secure does the network need to be? Note: For small, cost-effective setups, a wireless solution might be best, while a star topology works well for larger, growing networks due to its flexibility. For high-availability systems like ISPs that need maximum uptime, a hybrid or partial mesh topology is ideal for fault tolerance, though they can be more expensive to maintain. Backbone and Network Segment Backbone - all the network segments and servers connect to and what gives the network its structure. Segment - any small section of the network that is connected to the backbone Knowledge Check You need a topology that is scalable to use in your network. Which of the following will you install? A. Bus B. Ring C. Star D. Mesh Knowledge Check Which of the following is an example of when a point-to-multipoint network is called for? A. When a centralized office needs to communicate with many branch offices B. When a full mesh of WAN links is in place C. When multiple offices are daisy-chained to one another in a line D. When there are only two nodes in the network to be connected Knowledge Check Which type of topology has the greatest number of physical connections? A. Point-to-multipoint B. Star C. Point-to-point D. Mesh Knowledge Check Which of the following is an example of a hybrid network? A. Ethernet switch B. Ring topology C. Bus topology D. Star topology Knowledge Check You have a network with multiple LANs and want to keep them separate but still connect them together so they can all get to the Internet. Which of the following is the best solution? A. Use static IP addresses. B. Add more hubs. C. Implement more switches. D. Install a router.  References Graphical Networks. (n.d.). What is a logical network diagram?. Graphical Networks. Retrieved October 8, 2024, from https://graphicalnetworks.com/blog-what-is-a-logical- network-diagram/ Edrawsoft. (n.d.). Mesh topology: Definition, advantages/disadvantages, and types. Edrawsoft. https://www.edrawsoft.com/article/mesh-topology.html HiTechMV. (2014, May 12). What is hybrid topology?HiTechMV. https://hitechmv.com/what-is-hybrid-topology/