Networks.pptx

LEARNING GOALS Let’s turn the following curriculum expectations into student friendly learning goals. •explain the functions of the components of a computer and its peripheral devices •identify features and benefits of networked environments •identify different strategies for organizing and managing...

LEARNING GOALS Let’s turn the following curriculum expectations into student friendly learning goals. •explain the functions of the components of a computer and its peripheral devices •identify features and benefits of networked environments •identify different strategies for organizing and managing electronic information NETWORKS BTA3O SUCCESS CRITERIA I will be successful when I can ……………………. •List the advantages and disadvantages of networking computers •Identify the main components of computer networks •Explain three different types of networks •Explain and draw four different types of network topologies COMPUTER NETWORKS •A computer network is a group of computers linked to each other that enables the computer to communicate with another computer and share their resources, data, and applications. • For computers to share information directly, they must be linked to one another through a network •When two or more computers are connected by cables (ethernet) or radio signals, they form a network •Every network involves hardware and software that connects computers and tools. ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKING •Helps you to connect with multiple computers together to send and receive information when accessing the network. •Helps you to share printers, scanners, and email. •Helps you to share information at very fast speed •Electronic communication is more efficient and less expensive than without the network. DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER NETWORKING •Investment for hardware and software can be costly for initial set-up •If you don’t take proper security precautions like file encryption, firewalls then your data will be at risk. •Requires time for constant administration •Frequent server failure and issues of regular cable faults COMPUTER NETWORK COMPONENTS BTA3O COMPUTER NETWORK COMPONENTS Hub •Hub is a device that splits network connection into multiple computers. •It acts a distribution center so whenever a computer requests any information from a computer or from the network it sends the request to the hub through a cable. •The hub will receive the request and transmit it to the entire network. COMPUTER NETWORK COMPONENTS Switch •Switches work as a controller which connects computers, printers, and other hardware devices to a network in a campus or a building. •These are small devices that can receive data from multiple input ports and send it to the specific output port that takes data to its intended destination in the network •It allows devices on your network to communicate with each other, as well as with other networks. COMPUTER NETWORK COMPONENTS Router •Routers help you to connect with multiple networks. •It enables you to share a single internet connection with multiple devices and saves money. •This networking component acts as a dispatcher, which allows you to analyze data sent across a network. •It automatically selects the best route for data to travel and send it on its way. TYPES OF NETWORKS BTA3O PAN (PERSONAL AREA NETWORK) •A computer network formed around a person. •It generally consists of a computer, mobile, or personal digital assistant. •PAN can be used for establishing communication among these personal devices for connecting to a digital network and the internet. PAN (PERSONAL AREA NETWORK) Advantages •PAN networks are relatively secure and safe •It offers only short-range solution up to ten meters •Strictly restricted to a small area Disadvantages •It may establish a bad connection to other networks at the same radio bands. •Distance limits. LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK) •Is a group of computer and peripheral devices which are connected in a limited area such as school, laboratory, home, and office building. •It is a widely useful network for sharing resources like files, printers, games, and other application. •The simplest type of LAN network is to connect computers and a printer in someone’s home or office. LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK) Advantages •Computer resources like hard-disks, DVD-ROM, and printers can share local area networks. This significantly reduces the cost of hardware purchases. •You can use the same software over the network instead of purchasing the licensed software for each client in the network. •Data of all network users can be stored on a single hard disk of the server computer. •You can easily transfer data and messages over networked computers. •It will be easy to manage data at only one place, which makes data more secure. •Local Area Network offers the facility to share a single internet connection among all the LAN users. Disadvantages •LAN will indeed save cost because of shared computer resources, but the initial cost of installing Local Area Networks is quite high. •The LAN admin can check personal data files of every LAN user, so it does not offer good privacy. •Unauthorized users can access critical data of an organization in case LAN admin is not able to secure centralized data repository. •Local Area Network requires a constant LAN administration as there are issues related to software setup and hardware failures WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK) •Is another important computer network that which is spread across a large geographical area. •WAN network system could be a connection of a LAN which connects with other LAN’s using telephone lines and radio waves. •It is mostly limited to an enterprise or an organization. WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK) Advantages •WAN helps you to cover a larger geographical area. Therefore, business offices situated at longer distances can easily communicate. •Contains devices like mobile phones, laptop, tablet, computers, gaming consoles, etc. •WLAN connections work using radio transmitters and receivers built into client devices. Disadvantages •The initial setup cost of investment is very high. •It is difficult to maintain the WAN network. You need skilled technicians and network administrators. •There are more errors and issues because of the wide coverage and the use of different technologies. •It requires more time to resolve issues because of the involvement of multiple wired and wireless technologies. •Offers lower security compared to other types of network in computer. NETWORK TOPOLOGIES BTA3O STAR TOPOLOGY •In the star topology, all the computers connect with the help of a hub. •This cable is called a central node, and all other nodes are connected using this central node. •It is most popular on LAN networks as they are inexpensive and easy to install. STAR TOPOLOGY Advantages •Easy to troubleshoot, set up, and modify. •It is very reliable – if one cable or device fails then all the others will still work Disadvantages •If hub goes down everything goes down, none of the devices can work without hub. •Fast performance with few nodes and very low network traffic. •Extra hardware is required (hubs or switches) which adds to cost •Heavy network traffic can sometimes slow the bus considerably. •In Star topology, addition, deletion, and moving of the devices are easy. •Performance depends on the hub’s capacity •Each device requires just one port i.e. to attach to the hub. •Requires more cable than a linear bus . RING TOPOLOGY •In a ring network, every device has exactly two neighboring devices for communication purpose. •It is called a ring topology as its formation is like a ring. •In this topology, every computer is connected to another computer. •This topology uses token to pass the information from one computer to another. •In this topology, all the messages travel through a ring in the same direction. RING TOPOLOGY Advantages •Easy to install and reconfigure. •In this data flows in one direction which reduces the chance of packet collisions. •Ring network is organized, and every device has access to the data and therefore the opportunity to transmit. •There is no need of server to control the connectivity among the nodes in the topology. Disadvantages •Due to the Uni-directional Ring, a data packet must have to pass through all the nodes. •Break in a single ring can risk the breaking of the entire network •Addition and removal of any node during a network is difficult and may cause issue in network activity. •Offers equal access to all the computers of the networks •If one workstation shuts down, it affects whole network or if a node goes down entire network goes down. •Faster error checking and acknowledgment. •Adding or removing the computers can disturb the network activity. BUS TOPOLOGY •Bus topology uses a single cable which connects all the included nodes. •The main cable acts as a spine for the entire network. •One of the computers in the network acts as the computer server. •When it has two endpoints, it is known as a linear bus topology. BUS TOPOLOGY Advantages Disadvantages •It is the easiest network topology for connecting peripherals or computers in a linear fashion. •In case if the common cable fails, then the entire system will crash down. •Famous for LAN network because they are inexpensive and easy to install. •When network traffic is heavy, it develops collisions in the network. •It is easy to connect or remove devices in this network without affecting any other device. •Easy to expand by joining the two cables together •Whenever network traffic is heavy, or nodes are too many, the performance time of the network significantly decreases. •Need of terminators are required at both ends of main cable. MESH TOPOLOGY •The mesh topology has a unique network design in which each computer on the network connects to every other. •It is develops a P2P (point-to-point) connection between all the devices of the network. •It offers a high level of redundancy, so even if one network cable fails, still data has an alternative path to reach its destination. MESH TOPOLOGY Advantages Disadvantages •The network can be expanded without disrupting current users. •Installation is complex because every node is connected to every node. •No traffic problem as nodes has dedicated links. •It is expensive due to the use of more cables. No proper utilization of systems. •Dedicated links help you to eliminate the traffic problem. •Complicated implementation. •It has multiple links, so if any single route is blocked, then other routes should be used for data communication. •It helps you to avoid the chances of network failure by connecting all the systems to a central node. •Every system has its privacy and security. •It requires more space for dedicated links. •Because of the amount of cabling and the number of input-outputs, it is expensive to implement. •It requires a large space to run the cables. SUCCESS CRITERIA I will be successful when I can ……………………. •List the advantages and disadvantages of networking computers •Identify the main components of computer networks •Explain three different types of networks •Explain and draw four different types of network topologies