Networking Reviewer Module 1-3 PDF

Networking Reviewer Converging Network Module 1 - Used different technologies to carry the Host Roles signal - Every computer on a network is called a - Converged data n...

Networking Reviewer Converging Network Module 1 - Used different technologies to carry the Host Roles signal - Every computer on a network is called a - Converged data network carry multiple host or end device. services in on one link including: data, Server Type voice and video 1. Email Network Architecture 2. Web Fault Tolerance 3. File Scalability Peer-to-Peer Quality of Service - It is possible to have a device be both Security client and a server in a P2P network. Goals of Network Security Only recommended for very small 1. Confidentiality networks 2. Integrity End Devices 3. Availability - Where a message originates from or Network Trends where it is received. 1. Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) Intermediary Network Devices 2. Video Communication - Interconnects end devices. 3. Online collaboration - Regenerate and retransmit data signals 4. Cloud Computing - Maintain information about what Cloud Computing pathways exist in the network. 1. Public - Notify other devices of errors and 2. Private communication failures. 3. Hybrid Network Media 4. Custom - Communication across a network is Security Threats carried through a medium which allows External a message to travel from source to Viruses, worms, and Trojan horses destination. Spyware and adware 1. Metal wires within cables - uses Zero-day attacks electrical impulses Denial of service 2. Fiber-optic Cable - uses pulses of light Identity theft 3. Wireless Transmission - uses Internal modulation of specific frequencies of Lost or stolen electromagnetic waves. Accidental misuse by employees Common Types of Networks Malicious employees 1. Small Home Networks 2. Small Office/Home Office 3. Medium/Large 4. World Wide 5. Local Area Network (LAN) 6. Wide Area Network (WAN) Intranet - is a private collection of LANs and WANs (company) Extranet - Suppliers, Customers, Collaborators Module 2 3. [x] - optional element Operating Systems 4. {x} - required element 1. Shell 5. [x {y | z}] - required choice - Allows users to request specific tasks Ping ip-address - for user destination device from the computer. Either thru CLI or Traceroute ip-address GUI Device Names 2. Kernel Switch# configure terminal - Communicates between hard and Switch(config)# hostname Sw-Floor-1 software of a computer Sw-Floor-1(config)# 3. Hardware Configure Passwords GUI Securing user EXEC mode access: - Allows the user to interact with the Sw-Floor-1# configure terminal system using an environment of Sw-Floor-1# line console 0 graphical icons, menus and windows Sw-Floor-1# password cisco Access methods Sw-Floor-1# login 1. Console Sw-Floor-1# end - A physical port used to access a device Securing privileged EXEC mode access: 2. Secure Shell Sw-Floor-1# configure terminal - Establishes a secure remote CLI Sw-Floor-1# enable secret class connection to a device Sw-Floor-1# exit 3. Telnet Securing VTY line access: - Establishes an insecure remote CLI - Enable remote access using Telnet or Terminal Emulation Programs SSH - Used to connect a network device by Sw-Floor-1# configure terminal either a console port or by an Sw-Floor-1# line vty 0 15 SSH/Telnet connection Sw-Floor-1# password cisco Primary Command Modes Sw-Floor-1# login User EXEC Mode Sw-Floor-1# end - Allows access to only by a limited Encrypt Passwords number of basic monitoring commands Sw-Floor-1# configure terminal Ex. Router>, Switch> Sw-Floor-1# service pass-word Privileged EXEC Mode encryption - Allows access to all commands Sw-Floor-1# exit Ex. Router#, Switch# Banner Messages Global Configuration Mode - Warn unauthorized personnel from - Used to access configurations attempting to access the device Ex. Switch(config)# Sw-Floor-1# configure terminal Line Configuration Mode Sw-Floor-1# banner motd #Authorized - Used to configure console, SSH Access Only!# Ex. Switch(config-line)# Configuration Files (save) Interface Configuration Mode: 1. Startup-config - saved config file - Used to configure a switch port stored in NVRAM Ex. Switch(config-if)# 2. Running-config - stored in Random IOS Command Syntac Check Access Memory (RAM) 1. Boldface - literally shown 2. Italics - supply values Networking Reviewer Internet Standards Module 3 1. Internet Architecture Board (IAB) - Network Protocol Requirements responsible for management 1. Message encoding 2. Internet Engineering Task Force 2. “” formatting and encapsulation (IETF) - develops and maintains 3. “” size internet 4. “” timing 3. Internet Research Task Force Flow Control - manages the rate of (IRTF) - focused on long term data transmission and how much 4. Internet Society (ISOC) - open Response Timeout - manages how development and evolution of internet long a device wait when it does not hear The OSI Reference Model a reply 1. Physical Layer - describes means to Access Method - determines when can activate someone send a message 2. Data Link Layer - methods for 5. “” delivery options exchanging data frames over a common Network Protocol Type media 1. Network Communications - enable 3. Network Layer - exchange individual two or more devices to communicate pieces of data 2. Network Security - secure data 4. Transport Layer - defines to segment, 3. Routing - exchange route information transfer and reassemble the data 4. Service Discovery - used for the 5. Session Layer - provides services to automatic detection of devices segment Network Protocol Functions 6. Presentation Layer - provides 1. Addressing - identifies S&R common representation of the data 2. Reliability - provides guaranteed 7. Application Layer - contains protocols delivery used for process-to-process comms 3. Flow Control - ensures data flows The TCP/IP Reference Model 4. Sequencing - labels each transmitted 1. Application Layer - represents data to segment of data user, plus encoding and dialog control 5. Error Detection - determines if data 2. Transport Layer - supports comms became corrupted during transmission 3. Internet - determines best path 6. Application Interface - 4. Network Access - controls the process-to-process communications hardware Protocol Interaction File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 1. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - standard network protocol used to - governs web server/client interact transfer of files from one host to 2. Transmission Control Protocol another over a TCP-based network (TCP) - manages individual convo. Encapsulation: a top down process (PDU) 3. Internet Protocol (IP) - delivers Five different PDUs: data, segment, packet, messages globally, most common frame and bits 4. Ethernet - delivers messages from one Open Standards (protocol suite) NIC to another on the same LAN - are freely available to the public Protocol Suites encourage - A group of inter-related protocols 1. Interoperability necessary to perform a communication 2. Competition function 3. Innovation