Nutrition Finals PDF

## NUTRITION FINALS ### Definitions * **Hypertension:** An arterial blood pressure greater than or equal to 140/90. It is a symptom, not a disease in itself. * **Hyperlipidemia:** An elevation of plasma lipids, including cholesterol, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and triglycerides. * **Myocar...

## NUTRITION FINALS ### Definitions * **Hypertension:** An arterial blood pressure greater than or equal to 140/90. It is a symptom, not a disease in itself. * **Hyperlipidemia:** An elevation of plasma lipids, including cholesterol, cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and triglycerides. * **Myocardial Infarction:** Destruction of a portion of the myocardium due to an interruption of blood supply resulting in localized necrotic areas. * **Congestive Heart Failure:** A cardiovascular system disorder caused by the failure of the heart as a pump. * **Angina:** Pain caused by the heart’s demand for blood when it’s inadequately supplied. * **Acute Renal Failure:** This syndrome exists in a patient in whom the GFR falls drastically over a period of days to several weeks. * **Chronic Renal Insufficiency:** Renal function is impaired but dialysis is not required. * **Chronic Renal Failure:** A syndrome that results from progressive and irreversible destruction of nephrons. * **Nephrosclerosis:** A vascular renal disease due to hypertension on the hardening of renal arteries. * **Pyelonephritis:** Acute or chronic inflammation resulting from an infection of the urinary tract. * **Nephrolithiasis:** Renal calculi or stones. * **Nephrotic Syndrome:** Also called nephrosis. Its etiology is unknown but may be due to a wide variety of systemic diseases. * **Hepatitis:** Inflammation of the liver cells accompanied by rapid destruction of cells. * **Hepatic Coma:** Complex organic brain syndrome secondary to liver disease. * **Ascites:** Accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity due to impaired portal circulation. * **Esophageal Varices:** Presence of varicose veins in the lower third of the esophagus and the stomach. * **Cholecystitis:** Inflammation of the gallbladder wall without any signs of infection. * **Cholecystolithiasis:** Presence of gallstones with infection. * **Atherosclerosis:** Gradual thickening of the walls of arteries due to the formation of plaques that affect the coronary. * **Jaundice:** Yellow pigmentation of the skin and discoloration of the eyes due to the overflow of bile from the bile duct. * **Biliary Dyskinesia:** Abnormal function of the bile due to the abnormal pressure relationship in the biliary tract. * **Cholelithiasis:** Presence of gallstones without infection. * **Pancreatitis:** Inflammation of the pancreatic tissue. * **Cystic Fibrosis:** Dysfunction of the mucus-producing exocrine glands in the bronchi, pancreas, liver, and intestines. * **Cirrhosis:** Small destruction of liver cells and proliferation of fibrous tissues eventually leading to scarring of the liver tissue. * **Uremia:** A complex of symptoms, physical findings and biochemical changes caused by the retention of the waste products of protein metabolism and changes in water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. * **Cardiac Cachexia:** A syndrome of malnutrition that occurs in up to half of patients with moderate to severe heart failure. * **Choledocholelithiasis:** The stone slips into the common bile duct producing obstruction partially or completely, or obstructing intermittently. ### Government Agencies 1. NNC - National Nutrition Council 2. DOH - Department of Health 3. DSWD - Department of Social Welfare and Development 4. DOST - Department of Science and Technology 5. FNRI - Food and Nutrition Research Institute 6. DILG - Department of the Interior and Local Government 7. NEDA - National Economic and Development Authority 8. DBM - Department of Budget and Management 9. DAR - Department of Agrarian Reform 10. DTI - Department of Trade and Industry