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# De "Edele/Nobele Wilde" Rousseau introduced the idea of the "noble savage" as an ideal image of a human being who lives without the influence of society. This human being is pure, unspoiled, and lives in harmony with nature. * **Explanation:** In this state, humans are happy because there is no...

# De "Edele/Nobele Wilde" Rousseau introduced the idea of the "noble savage" as an ideal image of a human being who lives without the influence of society. This human being is pure, unspoiled, and lives in harmony with nature. * **Explanation:** In this state, humans are happy because there is no ownership or comparison. They are free from the negative influences of civilization. According to Rousseau, modern societies have disrupted this natural state, causing people to be less happy. ## Influence of Society According to Rousseau, envy and greed arise as soon as people start to live in groups. Ownership leads to inequality, and people become less happy due to mutual comparison and competition. * **Quote by Rousseau:** "Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains." * **Meaning:** Rules and laws limit our freedom, but are sometimes necessary to prevent conflicts. ## Criticism of Rousseau Not everyone shares Rousseau's optimistic view. Some believe that people without rules would fight for their own benefit. This raises the question: Are people naturally good, or do we need rules to be good? # Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) ## Who was Hobbes? Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher with a more pessimistic view of human nature. He lived in the 17th century and wrote the influential work "Leviathan", in which he argued that humans are naturally selfish and primarily pursue their own interests and safety.