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## Bernoulli's Principle ### Introduction Bernoulli's principle, discovered by Swiss scientist Daniel Bernoulli in the 18th century, explains the relationship between fluid speed and pressure. ### Definition Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneous...

## Bernoulli's Principle ### Introduction Bernoulli's principle, discovered by Swiss scientist Daniel Bernoulli in the 18th century, explains the relationship between fluid speed and pressure. ### Definition Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy. ### Explanation Imagine air flowing around an airplane wing. The air moving over the wing's curved upper surface travels faster than the air moving under the flat lower surface. According to Bernoulli's principle, the faster-moving air above the wing exerts less pressure than the slower-moving air below. This pressure difference creates an upward force called lift, which helps the airplane fly. ### Key Points * **Fluid Speed:** Higher speed equals lower pressure. * **Pressure:** Lower speed equals higher pressure. * **Applications:** Airplane wings, carburetors, and more. ### Bernoulli's Equation Bernoulli's principle can be expressed mathematically with Bernoulli's equation: $P + \frac{1}{2} \rho v^2 + \rho g h = \text{constant}$ Where: * $P$ is the pressure of the fluid. * $\rho$ is the density of the fluid. * $v$ is the speed of the fluid. * $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity. * $h$ is the height of the fluid above a reference point. ### Conclusion Bernoulli's principle is a fundamental concept in fluid dynamics with many practical applications.