Music of India PDF

INDIA FLAG Capital: New Delhi Largest City: Mumbai Official Language: Hindi Demonym: Indian Currency: Indian Rupee (INR) Religion: Hinduism (79.8%)  India is the largest country in South Asia.  The music of India reflects different aspects of Asian culture through its timbre, rhyt...

INDIA FLAG Capital: New Delhi Largest City: Mumbai Official Language: Hindi Demonym: Indian Currency: Indian Rupee (INR) Religion: Hinduism (79.8%)  India is the largest country in South Asia.  The music of India reflects different aspects of Asian culture through its timbre, rhythm, melody, texture, form, and style.  Vocal Music of India  includes Carnatic and Hindustani music, and several types of folk and popular music  uses melismatic singing with nasal vocal quality  Samagana  singing based on a set of pitches popular during the Vedic times  Sama Veda  a sacred text, were sung as Samagana and not chanted  is the third of the four Vedas of Hinduism but ranks next to Rig Veda (Rigveda) in terms of its sanctity and liturgical importance  Rig Veda  is also sung in the Samagana traditional singing style  is counted as first among the four canonical sacred texts of Hinduism known as Vedas  Rig Veda  is an ancient Indian sacred collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns  Characteristics of Traditional Indian Music Carnatic Music  refers to music from South India  directed to a Hindu god, which is why it is called “temple music”  Music pieces are mainly set for the voice and with lyrics.  Compositions called krti are devotional songs.  Characteristics of Traditional Indian Music Carnatic Music  is unified where schools are based on the:  same ragas  same solo instruments (veena, flute, violin)  same rhythm instruments (mridangam and ghatam)  Characteristics of Traditional Indian Music Hindustani Music  goes back to Vedic period times around 1000 BC  further developed in the 13th and 14th centuries AD with Persian influences and from existing religious and folk music  predominantly found in the northern and central regions  Characteristics of Traditional Indian Music Hindustani Music  influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vedic religion / Vedic philosophy, native Indian sounds and enriched by the Persian performance practices of the Mughal area  nasal singing is observed in their vocal music  Characteristics of Traditional Indian Music Hindustani Music  In North India, the most common style of singing is called khyal, a word which means “imagination”  Instrumental Music of India  Hindustani Sangeet – instruments used in North Indian music  Carnatic Sangeet – instruments used in South Indian music  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 1. Ghan  described as a non-membranous percussive instrument but with solid resonators  is one of the oldest classes of instrument in India  may also be a melodic instrument or instruments to keep tal  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 1. Ghan Kartal Manjira Ghatam Nout  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 2. Avanaddh  described as a membranous percussive instrument  typically comprise the drums  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 2. Avanaddh Daf Tabla Dhol (Duf, Daphu)  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 3. Sushir  also known as blown air  is characterized by the use of air to excite the various resonators  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 3. Sushir Bansuri Shehnai Surpeti Shankh  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 4. Tat  referred to as vina during the old civilization  Instruments in this class are plucked (stringed instruments)  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 4. Tat Sitar Gottuvadyam Ektar Rabab Gopichand  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 5. Vitat  described as bowed stringed instruments  is of the oldest classifications of instruments and yet did not occupy a place in classical Indian music until the last few centuries  Classification of Indian Musical Instruments 5. Vitat Chikara Banam Esraj Sarangi