Vertebral Column Anatomy PDF

The Vertebral Column CANADIAN COLLEGE OF NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE CERVICAL RD SIS 2° curvature KYPHOSIS THORACIC 1° curvature LUMBAR OSIS 2° curvature SACRALKYPHOSIS 1° curvature ...

The Vertebral Column CANADIAN COLLEGE OF NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE CERVICAL RD SIS 2° curvature KYPHOSIS THORACIC 1° curvature LUMBAR OSIS 2° curvature SACRALKYPHOSIS 1° curvature  4 ' 1 ~. \ ~- ~' 5... C. ,...}: Process Parts: ooholdellllflffletrang Functions: 8 and 9) Pedicle Spinous d e ';-----------, Muscle attachment process (x1) and movement Transverse~ processes 10 and 11) laminae (x2) 10 Vertebral Protection of Superior Superior vertebral arch ~ spinal cord articular notch process Vertebral -----;----+-_ Support of Transvers -~-- Pedicle ,c,, body body weight process ---'--S--Vertebral body Superior view ~:;:;;:;~"::;~" ~ r-:::;::s}process ~z~~~:~ · / , Inferior vertebral notch Inferior articular 2(~ L facet Lamina l ~ ~~- ~---JiJ }\ · 1 Vertebral Transverse i'-.,__~. arch (interarticular 1 process ~ part) Pedicle (B) Lateral view Superior articular facet.. Vertebral ~. foramen Inferior Vertebral body ~r-----.-_ Epiphysial rim articular Intervertebral (bone derived.. (smooth bone process. (IV) foramen from centrum) derived from Superior. (A) Superior view anular epiphysis) articular Intervertebral process (IV) disc Forming zygapophysial (facet) joint (C) Lateral view  s Superior--~ articular process a.fm o ~--- Superior vertebral notch Transverse -------=- ---~9""--Pedicle process -~,------ Vertebral body ~------ Spinous process Spinous ~ process L.._ ______ Inferior vertebral Inferior articular ,.---- Lamina process and facet notch Inferior articular facet ~----- Lamina Vertebral Transverse J arch (interarticular process part) (B) Lateral view Superior articular facet foramen Inferior Vertebral body~ articular J---_ Epiphysial rim. Intervertebral (bone derived process (smooth bone (IV) foramen from centrum) derived from Superior (A) Superior view anular epiphysis) articular r-----~ Intervertebral process (IV) disc Forming zygapophysial (facet) joint (C) Lateral view Copyrigh!C2023 Wolt "' Kl.-,r All Rights Rnernd  31 pairsof 1 spinalnerves 2 3 4 8 Cervical!! 5 8 f 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 12Thoracic 8 10 11 12 1 2 3 5 Lumbar 4.__5 1 } 5Sacral -- 1 Coccygeal!!  Dens of C2 Vertebrae: Atlas (C1) 1~~~~~..._,.............J ~~~ Axis (C2) ===~~~-~a=";..,'-e.==t---f-__); 7 Cervical (C} T1 T2 T3 12 Thoracic T4 rl9 T5 l~=~ Spinous process T6 overlapping T7 inferior vertebra TB T9 lntervertebral T1 foramina 5 Lumbar (L} lntervertebral (IV) discs. j Lamina Parts of vertebral ~~ Spmous arches process ! Sacrum (S} (5 segments) Hip bone -~~""L;-_-_-_--t_--'x'-.,..-~~ Lumbosacral angle Pedicle ~ Coccyx (Co) (4 segments) (A) Anterior (B) Right (C) Posterior view (D) Medial view of bisected view lateral with vertebral column from left with ribs, view ends of ribs cranium (skull), and pelvis Atlas (C1) Axis (C2) C3 Cervical C4 Cervical spine cs lordosis C6 C7 T1 T2 \ T3 \ T4 I I Thoracic spine ' Thoracic kyphosis TB T9 T10 T11 T12 I I Lumbar spine LS-------.:;.._:s=i \ Saccum{ I , Sacral ' kyphosis Owww.koah"b.com Ill  Transverse process Triangular vertebral foramen ~ Uncus of body Bifid spinous (uncinate process) process --:;--- Rectangular bodies with concave superior and convex inferior surfaces sversan Perforated transverse processes with anterior and posterior tubercles Superolateral view, cervical vertebra  Anterior tubercle Anterior arch --- ,- ~ Facet for dens Foramen for dens--~ of axis ---.----/ L.,,- Superior articular surface Lateral mass -"" ~-.-..... Transverse ligament of atlas ~ Transverse process ,,,._..,_ Vertebral foramen----"1ii,..-'-----'~--c Foramen (for spinal cord) / transversarium Posterior arch~ Groove for vertebral ~artery (B) Superior view, Posterior tubercle Occipital atlas (C1 vertebra) condyles ----- Grooves for attachment of Foramen alar ligaments magnum Posterior articular----- facet for transverse ~ ~ Superior articular ligament of atlas __;x:::.. facet (A) Inferior view, cranial base } ~Foramen Body-----A.--~~,....::.._....,,,., __ ~ transversarium --Transverse process X-ray beam Vertebral foramen--!----->-,----o ~'""':c....__ Pars interarticularis (for spinal cord) ~=---- Inferior articular process Occipital------ Lamina condyles Lateral mass~ (C) Posterosuperior view, of atlas (C1) axis (C2 vertebra) Dens of axis ~-------- Spinous process (C2) Lateral (bifid) atlanto-axial Body of axis (C2) joint Body ~ ------- Facet for atlas Lower row of teeth Superior articular Anterior radiograph of C1 and C2 (taken through open mouth) Dens of axis ~ ----=c I Inferior facet ~(..->~~ ~___-Costal angle v--Body (shaft) Compact bone - ( r-__.-¥ Bone marrow Costal groove (hematopoietic tissue) Costal Site of r'---....._ groove External surface articulation with costal cartilage 8th Internal surface (A) (B) Copy,ighte2023 woten;Kluwer I All Rights Reserved v Costalgroove has artery vein nerve travelling along it Costal angle is the weakest area of the rib and is prone to rib fracture → reducing capacity to breathe  10)11 8ᵗʰ rib gt1n + r 10isl stypical r~loand j pr tl'.A.I rib is ,sused 0i 1nd. u c:,e d as a reference point :::3:d ,.,,;b\ Or ~~/ Scalene"- ~ :~~clavian} G 2nrl ~ tub I 'x ~ rooves '7' fobe~ , ~ --;---»:~:iavian for Tubercle-./ I e ~ Atypical ribs Crest of head~ 8th rib !?'1._ Tubercle---./\ Superior articular facet typical ' < xJ T uberos,ty for BOOy serratus anterior Point Cup for costal cartilage ✓ Costa/ angle ribusedon reference Jr rf) b,~ l)1 shorter thicker angle is much 1,2 sharper has a single as it I also facet can only articulate with T1 Atypical ribs Double facet as regular 12th rib Superior views