Module2 Research Review 2021.docx

Evidence-Informed Decision Making Utilization of research by nurses in their practice. May also be called research-based nursing practice, evidence-based practice, evidence-based decision making, and evidence-informed practice. Nursing knowledge must be expanded continuously. Professional nurses mus...

Evidence-Informed Decision Making Utilization of research by nurses in their practice. May also be called research-based nursing practice, evidence-based practice, evidence-based decision making, and evidence-informed practice. Nursing knowledge must be expanded continuously. Professional nurses must stay informed about current evidence. (Potter et al., 2019) Quality and Performance Improvement Every health care organization gathers data on health outcome measures as a way to gauge the quality of care provided. Quality improvement is a goal of nursing research. Performance management is an important aspect of quality of care to be studied. (Potter et al., 2019) Why Evidence? Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved 5 CNO Nursing Research CNO Professional Standards (Revised 2002) As part of competence, the professional nurse is responsible and accountable for: Seeking and reviewing research in nursing, health sciences and related disciplines. Using research to inform practice/professional service. Critically evaluating research related to outcomes and advocating for its application to practice. Research informed practice is evidence-based practice. Nurses must be able to evaluate the credibility of research. (CNO, 2018) Quick Quiz! Why do nurses need to know how to navigate through the research literature? To become experts in caring for patients To access evidence-based practice To teach their patients how to find out information To know the difference between medicine and nursing Sources of Evidence Scientific evidence in journals Nonresearch evidence, quality improvement, and risk management data Individual patient data and patients’ values, beliefs, and experience (Potter et al., 2019) Searching for Evidence PubMed (MEDLINE) CINAHL PsycINFO The Cochrane Collaboration EBSCO UpToDate Dominant Methods of Research Quantitative Research Scientific, Empiric Numeric; factual Data, statistics Information collected is turned into numbers for conclusions. E.g. 5 out of 10 chemotherapy patients experience nausea and vomiting at least once during treatment. Qualitative Research Interpretive; social, contextual, perceived reality/constructed reality Meaning from words (themes, experiences) Information is analysed verbatim; word for word. E.g. Living with terminal liver cancer is characterized by feelings of fear, anger, hopelessness. (Potter et al, 2019) Overview of the Research Process The basic research process is found in all research reports/articles. Phenomenon…scientific research attempts to understand. Researching the Evidence Five steps Ask the clinical question. Collect the best evidence. Research literacy: critique the evidence. Integrate the evidence. Evaluate the practice decision or change. (Potter et al.,2019) Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd. All rights reserved 13 Reading Research: What to Look for.. 1. What is known. Abstract Introduction … phenomenon of interest Literature review: describes and/or critiques existing literature/knowledge 2. What is not known, gaps in knowledge, or could be known. The research problem, question(s), or hypothesis (statement of relationship) is stated as an outcome of the literature review. Reading Research: Continued 3. Research is set out to address the gap in knowledge and describe it. Research design, method to address the problem/question/hypothesis. Quantitative…seek numeric data to answer the question, quantified, measured. Surveys, scales, instruments. Experiments (e.g. RCT with control group); quasi-experimental (no control group…typically pretest/intervention/post-test) Qualitative… questions about phenomena that cannot be quantified and measured; researchers seek to understand the perspective of the person in the situation. Seek narrative data (stories, views, experiences) and record words for data to find meaning. Ethnography (culture, group members perspective), Phenomenology (social, lived experience), Grounded theory (deconstructing and reconstructing) Reading Research: Continued 3. Research is set out to address the gap in knowledge and describe it (continued) Sample size, location, information about the population under study and how the research was conducted. Description of how reliable and valid the tools used in the research are. 4. Data Collection and Analysis Describes the data collected, demographics, per cents, frequency of results and what methods of analysis were used. Quantitative: use statistical computer programs Qualitative: manual or computer assisted …coding of words, themes, groups of narrative data. Ethical issues: consider rights of research participants (informed consent, research ethics board). Principles related to respect for persons and human dignity, concern for welfare, respect for privacy and confidentiality, justice). Reading Research: Continued 5. Results/Conclusions Discussion of findings, comparisons to other research findings if relevant. 6. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for further research 7. References Nursing Responsibilities Evaluate the scientific credibility of the research. Determine the clinical significance if any of the findings. Are the findings applicable to the population in the setting. References Burkhardt, M., Nathaniel, A., Walton, N. (2018). Ethics and Issues in Contemporary Nursing (3rd Canadian Edition). Toronto: Nelson. College of Nurses of Ontario.(2018). Professional Standards, Revised 2002. https://www.cno.org/globalassets/docs/prac/41006_profstds.pdf Leufer, T., & Cleary-Holdforth, J. (2009). Evidence based-practice: Improving patient outcomes. Nursing Standard, 23(32), 35-39. doi: 10.7748/ns2009.04.23.32.35.c6935 Melnyk, B. M., & Fineout-Overholt, E. (2005). Evidence-based practice in nursing & healthcare. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Newhouse et al. (2007). Johns Hopkins Nursing evidence-based practice. United States: Sigma Theta Tau International. Potter, P. A., Perry, P., Stockert, P., Hall, A. (2019). Canadian fundamentals of nursing (6th ed.). Toronto, ON: Elsevier Canada.