Introduction to Computer Engineering PDF

Introduction to Computer Engineering Course Description Based on slides from Prof. Tamer Rabie Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Co...

Introduction to Computer Engineering Course Description Based on slides from Prof. Tamer Rabie Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Computer Engineering Research Examples of Computer Engineering Research  How This Course Can Help You Provide the foundational architecture of computer systems, covering topics such as information representation, computer hardware, software, programming languages, peripherals, and storage systems Explore the spectrum of programming languages, from high- level languages like C++ and Python to low-level languages such as assembly Engage in introductory laboratory components, including digital logic design lab Acquire a broader perspective on the engineering profession, the engineering design process, and problem-solving methodologies within the context of computer engineering Explore potential career paths and job prospects within the field of computer engineering  Course Topics Give students essentials to their … success as future computer engineers. Obtain better understanding of  The big picture: What is the difference between computer engineering education. Electrical Eng., Computer Eng., and Computer Gain understanding of the various Science? areas of Computer Engineering.  Hardware and software Information Representation  Computer Organization, Storage system, Operating Help students develop engineering Systems skills.  High level Languages, Assembly and Compilation, Become familiar with Computer Concept of Programming Language Engineering labs and curricula.  C++ Programming Language Basics  Programming with C++ Gain understanding of the computer  Introduction to Python programming.  Digital Image Processing Be able to use engineering  Information Security simulation software such as Python.  Academic Survival Skills, Engineering Your Career  Engineering Problem Solving, Engineering Design ACADEMIC INTEGRITY Students have the responsibility to know and observe the requirements of the UoS Code of Academic Honesty and the UoS Code of Student Conduct as well as the penalties resulting from violation of these codes. The Academic Honesty Code forbids cheating, fabrication or falsification of information, multiple submissions of academic work, plagiarism, abuse of academic materials, and complicity in academic dishonesty. CPE is Everywhere… With Endless Possibilities! Play Shop Learn Work The Big Picture: Where does CPE Stand EEE CPE CS H/W H/W + S/W S/W more technical more applied more theoretical How many hours should a CPE student take per semester?  The Big Picture: Where does CPE Stand Discipline CPE CS IT MIS Skills needed: Physics, Math (Strong) Math (Medium) Math (Little) Nothing Job prospects: H/W & S/W S/W Multimedia, Admin, Web design Sales  Job Examples H/W & S/W – Design and implement electronic circuits to solve specific problems in real life; e.g. improve the speed of a graphics processor, design a more power efficient memory module. S/W (Programmer) – Create efficient application software for specific processing needs; such as gaming software, banking software, airport management software. Multimedia / Web Designer – Optimize customer accessibility to Web services – System administration of Web servers – Select appropriate data formats – Design efficient Web pages System Administrator / Sales Manager – Install, configure, maintain, and upgrade computer systems – Maximize system availability – Optimize system performance – Ensure system security Engineers are different! What is the definition of an engineer? Someone who solves a problem you didn't know you had in a way you don't understand. Normal people vs. engineers * Normal people... believe that if it ain't broke, don't fix it. * Engineers believe that if it ain't broke, it doesn't have enough features yet. Engineers are different! Different disciplines >> The graduate with a Computer Science degree asks, “Why does it work” >> The graduate with an Computer Engineering degree asks, “How does it work?” >> The graduate with an MIS-Accounting degree asks, “How much will it cost?” Software & Hardware Interaction Example satellite remote PC transponder Internet receiver video interface server robotic manipulator The Story of the Computer Link 1642: Blaise Pascal invents a calculating machine 1801: Joseph Marie Jacquard invents a loom that uses punch cards 1800’s: – Charles Babbage attempts to build an analytical engine (mechanical computer) – Augusta Ada Byron develops many of the fundamental concepts of programming – George Boole invents Boolean logic. Modern Computer Development 1937: Mark I is built (Aiken, Harvard University, IBM). – First electronic computer using relays. 1939: ABC is built – First fully electronic digital computer. Used vacuum tubes. 1943-46: ENIAC (Mauchly, Eckert, University of Pennsylvania). – First general purpose digital computer. 1945: Von Neumann architecture proposed. – Still the standard for present day computers. 1947: Creation of transistor – (Bardeen, Shockley, Brattain, Bell Labs). 1951: UNIVAC. – First commercially available computer. Early Computers Babbage’s Analytical ENIAC Engine  Current Computer Technology Intel Quad Core CPU IBM Cell 8-core CPU Input-Process-Output Model (IPO) Input: keyboard, mouse, scanner, punch cards Processing: CPU executes the computer program Output: monitor, printer, fax machine Storage: hard drive, optical media, diskettes, magnetic tape Architecture Components Hardware – Processes data by executing instructions – Provides input and output Software – Instructions executed by the system Data – Fundamental representation of facts and observations Communications – Sharing data and processing among different systems Hardware Component Input/Output devices Storage Devices CPU (Central Processing Unit) – ALU: arithmetic/logic unit – CU: control unit – Interface unit Memory – Short-term storage for CPU calculations Typical Personal Computer System Types of Computers Mainframe Computer: Primarily used by large organizations for critical applications, such as bulk dat processing, etc. CPU: Central Processing Unit ALU: arithmetic/logic unit – Performs arithmetic and Boolean logical calculations CU: control unit – Controls processing of instructions – Controls movement of data within the CPU Interface unit – Moves instructions and data between the CPU and other hardware components – Bus: bundle of wires that carry signals and power between different components Memory Also known as primary storage, working storage, and RAM (random access memory) Consists of bits, each of which hold a value of either 0 or 1 (8 bits = 1 byte) Holds both instructions and data of a computer program (stored program concept) Software Component Applications Operating System – API: application program interface – File management – I/O – Kernel Memory management Resource scheduling Program communication Security – Network Module Communications Component Hardware – Communication channels Physical connections between computer systems Examples: wire cable, phone lines, fiber optic cable, infrared light, radio waves – Interface hardware Handles communication between the computer and the communication channel Modem or network interface card (NIC) Software – Network protocols: HTTP, TCP/IP, ATAPI Computer Systems All computer systems, no matter how complex, consist of the following: At least one CPU, located in the Motherboard Memory to hold programs and data I/O devices Long-term storage Protocols Common ground rules of communication between computers, I/O devices, and many software programs Examples – HTTP: between Web servers and Web browsers – TCP/IP: between computers on the Internet and local area networks – ATAPI: between a CPU and CD-ROMs Standards (Software & Hardware) Created to ensure universal compatibility of data formats and protocols May be created by committee or may become a de facto standard through popular use Examples: – Computer languages: Java, SQL, C/C++, JavaScript, Pascal, Python – Display standards: Postscript, MPEG-2, JPEG, GIF – Character set standards: ASCII, Unicode, EBCDIC – Video standards: VGA, XGA, RGB, HDMI