Module 8: Tourism Organizations PDF

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL for Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality TMHM 20013 BSHM 1 1st Semester 2020-2021...

POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL for Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality TMHM 20013 BSHM 1 1st Semester 2020-2021 Macro Perspective of Tourism and Hospitality Compiled By: MS. MILDRED M. MONDRAGON, MMHM Instructor 1- PUP Lopez Quezon Branch MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 1  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management COURSE/SUBJECT MATERIALS LESSON 8 - Tourism Organizations Tourism Organizations Since tourism is a diverse industry made up of many different segments, there is a need to interrelate and share information. This has led to the establishment of several public and private organizations at the international, national, regional, state, and local levels. International Organizations A. World Tourism Organization (WTO) The WTO is the chief organization in tourism. It is an intergovernmental technical body, which deals with all aspects of tourism. It began its legal existence on January 2, 1975. It was born of the International Union of Official Travel Organization (IUOTO), a nongovernmental technical body first set up at the Hague, Netherlands in 1925 to promote tourism for the economic, social, and cultural advancement of all nations. This work was interrupted by the Second World War and in 1946, the organization was reestablished in London. Its headquarters were later transferred to Madrid by the decision of the first General Assembly of WTO. The value of the work of the IUOTO was recognized in 1963 when the United Nations Conference on International Travel and Tourism recommended that the United Nations should consider the IUOTO as the main instrument for the promotion of tourism. The rapid expansion of travel had created the need for a world body able to deal with tourism problems at the government level and this led to the transformation of IUOTO into WTO and the intergovernmental o rganizations of universal vocation providing an adequate framework for government-level consultations, effective cooperation between member states, and formulation of decisions on all questions relating to their policies in the field of tourism. The WTO is the only organization whose activities cover all sectors of tourism on a world -wide basis. It provides an international forum where tourism officials, whether in the government or not, can discuss problems and exchange ideas. Membership is open to representatives of the private sector. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 2  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The WTO works in cooperation with all international organizations, particularly the United Nations, as well as with commercial and noncommercial bodies involved in tourism Membership There are three classes of members: 1. full member; 2. associate members; and 3. affiliate members. Full members are sovereign states. Associate members are territories or groups of territories not responsible for their external relations, but whose membership is approved by the state which assumes responsibility for their external relations. Affiliate members are international bodies, both governmental and nongovernmental concerned with specialized interests in tourism, as well as commercial and noncommercial bodies, and associations whose activities are related to the aims of WTO. The WTO has created a number of regional commissions such as the Regional Commission for Tourism in Europe, the Regional Travel Commission for the Americas, African Travel Commission, and others. Technical commissions deal with specific problems, such as travel barriers and travel development. The WTO has the same legal character as the United Nations and its specialized agencies. It has three important legally functioning bodies: The General Assembly, the Executive Council, and the Secretariat directed by a secretary-general. The General Assembly, which meets once every two years, is the supreme organ of the WTO. It is composed of representatives from all member states. Each member has the right to vote in the decision-making process. However, the Assembly resolutions are not binding on the member states. They are simply recommendations. The Executive Council, which meets at least twice a year, is composed of members elected by the Assembly for a four-year term based on a fair and MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 3  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management equitable geographical distribution. The function of this council is to implement the decisions of the Assembly and prepare for future sessions. The Secretariat, headed by a secretary-general carries out the decisions of the General Assembly and the Executive Council. The secretary- general is elected every four years by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Executive Council. The primary aim of the WTO is to promote and develop tourism, to contribute to the economic development, international understanding, peace, prosperity, and universal respect for human rights, and fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion. To pursue this aim, the WTO pays particular attention to the interests of developing countries. In order to establish its central role in the field of tourism, the WTO establishes and maintains effective collaboration with the United Nations and its specialized agencies. It participates in the activities of the United Nations Development Programme. To accomplish these objectives, the WTO: 1. monitors and identifies trends in world tourism; 2. studies travel demands, marketing trends, tourist motivation, and alternative approaches to marketing; 3. surveys the environmental effects of travel growth and makes recommendations for the protection of natural and cultural resources; 4. provides services for developing and organizing tourism for countries; 5. serves as a clearing house for tourist information; 6. informs members about tourism development; 7. conducts vocational training programs; 8. works for the elimination or reduction of governmental measures for international travel and the standardization of requirements. This includes passports, visas, police registration, and frontier formalities; 9. assists and develops technical cooperation projects; and 10. works to standardize equipment, terms, phraseology and signs as an aid to easier travel and understanding for foreign visitors. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 4  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The official publications of WTO are the following: 1. International Travel Statistics; 2. Travel Abroad - Frontier Formalities; 3. Economic Review of World Tourism; 4. Technical Bulletins; and 5. Manuals. B. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) The ICAO is an organization of around 134 governments established for the purpose of promoting civil aviation on a world-wide scale. It was established at the Chicago conference of 1944. The 96 articles of the Chicago convention established the privileges and restrictions of the member countries. The objectives of the ICAO are to: 1. adopt international standards and to recommend practices for regulating air navigation; 2. recommend installation of navigation facilities by member countries; 3. set forth proposals for the reduction of customs and immigration formalities; 4. plan for the safe and orderly growth of international civil aviation throughout the world; 5. encourage the improvement of the art of aircraft design and operation for peaceful purposes; 6. seek the development of airways, airports, and air navigation facilities for international civil aviation; 7. provide for safe, regular, efficient, and economical air Transportation; 8. discourage unreasonable competition; 9. insure that the rights of contracting countries are fully respected, and that every member has a fair opportunity to operate international airlines; 10. discourage discrimination between contracting countries; and 11. promote the development of all aspects of air transportation. C. International Air Transport Association (IATA) MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 5  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The International Air Transport Association was established in 1945 in Havana. It was composed of airline operators attached to the national delegations of the ICAO conference in Chicago. At present, membership includes more than 112 scheduled airlines. Their objectives are to promote safe, regular, and economical air transport, faster air commerce, and study problems connected with the industry. IATA serves as the agency through which airlines seek jointly to solve problems that cannot be solved individually. It is involved in standardizing tickets, prices, weight bills, baggage checks, and other documents. This helps make travel uniform throughout the world. Although setting rates is the most significant aspect of the work of IATA, the final responsibility rests with individual governments. In IATA, every member airline holds a single vote and also holds veto power. With deregulation, the status and function of the organization is changing and only time will tell its final role, which certainly will be less influential than in the past. Regional Organizations Some countries and regions feel that it is important to bond together to strengthen their respective tourism programs. These regional organizations have become excellent sources of information. A. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development was set up in a convention signed in Paris on December 14, 1960. It provides that the OECD shall promote policies designed to achieve the highest sustainable economic growth and employment and a rising standard of living in member countries, while maintaining financial stability and contributing to the development of the world economy; to contribute to sound economic expansion in economically developing nonmember countries; and to contribute to the expansion of world trade on a multilateral, nondiscriminatory basis in accordance with international obligations. The members of OECD are Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Tourism is an integral part of these objectives. Recognizing this, the OECD established a tourism committee responsible for coordinating studies, organizing meetings of member countries to MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 6  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management improve statistical methods of monetary exchange and accounting, and assessing the policies of member countries and their impact on tourism. B. Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) The Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) was organized in Hawaii in 1951. It is composed of more than one thousand organizations, including governments, air and steamship lines, wholesale and retail travel agencies, ground carriers, hotels, publishers, advertisers, public relations firms, and travel associations with major interests in the Pacific area. Its purpose is to develop, promote, and facilitate travel in the Pacific area (including Pakistan, the United States, and Canada). PATA's hallmark has been innovation and conservation. PATA was an early leader in recognizing the need for an environmental ethic among those involved in the tourism industry. PATA has initiated the "PATA Code for Environmental Tourism." In this code, environmentally responsible tourism means tourism which recognizes the necessity of ensuring a sustainable future. It meets the needs of the tourism industry today and does not compromise the ability of this and future generations to conserve the environment. PATA's model for an environmental ethic for the travel and tourism in dustry foreshadows the power of industry coalitions in directing future tourism trends and their relationships with international economic affairs. PATA organizes a wide range of conferences, reports, advertising, training programs, and seminars. The following is a list of some of PATA's publications: 1. Pacific Travel News; 2. Annual Statistical Reports; 3. Travel Market Study; 4. Meetings Pacific (a country-by-country facilities guide); 5. PATA Trade Manual; and 6. Tourism International Research Pacific (quarterly). C. Caribbean Tourism Association (CTA) The Caribbean Tourism Association was founded in 1951 to encourage and assist in the development of tourism throughout the Caribbean area. Its objectives are to: 1. provide an instrument for close collaboration among the various territories and countries concerned; MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 7  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 2. augment and assist local promotional and development efforts of the members of the association and act as liaison between the members; 3. provide a liaison among the member governments, government agencies active in tourism development and promotion, travel and transportation industries, and organizations active in tourism and regional development; 4. carry out advertising and publicity measures calculated to focus the attention of the traveling public upon the Caribbean as one of the world's outstanding vacation areas; 5. encourage the promotion of adequate passenger transportation services to and within the Caribbean area and assist in the establishment of such services. The promotion and development of inter-Caribbean travel is also a particular concern of the association; 6. carry out statistical and research work relating to travel trends and tourism development for the benefit of the members; and 7. negotiate with governments either directly or through the appropriate bodies for an easing of regulations and formalities which tend to be barriers to tourist travel. To carry out these objectives, the CTA publishes brochures, films, reports, newsletters, and other information about the countries' size, language, currency, and so on. D. Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Another organization which focuses on tourism and which recently achieved official status as an international governmental organization is the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). It represents fifteen (15) countries, namely: Australia, Brunei, Canada, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Peoples Republic of China, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and United States. The purpose of APEC is to establish coordination of national economies for the benefit of countries in the Asia-Pacific region as a whole. The specific goals are to sustain the growth and development of capital and technology in keeping with the principles of the GATT, and to develop and strengthen the open multi-lateral trading system in the interest of Asia-Pacific and all other economies. APEC has ten (10) working groups including, Tourism, Telecommunications, and MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 8  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management Transportation. Other groups include Human Resource Development, Marine Resources, Energy, Trade Promotion, Trade and Investment Data, Investment and Technology Transfer, and Fisheries. APEC has a permanent Secretariat located in Singapore. The Secretariat is to serve as a coordinating body and the central repository for all APEC documents. The U.S. Travel and Tourism Administration is the first country chair of the Tourism Working Group for APEC. It is working to coordinate activities with the telecommunications and transportation groups. Cooperation with member countries in the areas of tourism, telecommunications, and transportation will bolster U.S. efforts to compete effectively in the Asia Pacific and world markets. It also will help to coordinate goals and efforts toward reducing barriers and to increase reciprocal travel between the Asia-Pacific region and North America. As the multicultural process of negotiations for tourism, telecommunications, and transportation services falter with the stalemate of the GATT Uruguay Board, the importance of interregional tourism and trade agreements and organizations such as APEC becomes apparent. As tourism becomes more and more embedded into the international political and economic framework, intergovernmental organizations, and individual governments will continue actively to address policy issues affecting tourism. E. Organization of American States (OAS) The main objective of the Organization of American States is to strengthen relations between American states by providing advisory services and training programs in many fields including tourism. Like OECD, tourism is an important component although its principal motive was to promote economic growth. Thus, OAS conducts a number of travel studies and tourism development programs. F. Others Other regional travel associations include the South American Tourism Organization (SATO), the European Travel Commission (ETC), and the Common Market Travel Association (CMTA), all of which have been established to coordinate tourist activities among and within member countries. Roles of National Organizations in Tourism MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 9  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The government plays an important role in formulating policy to guide tourism development and promotion in line with other national economic and social objectives. The WTO Manila Declaration provides the basic foundations and guidelines that help governments in defining their tourism role. Governments can play a decisive role in the following areas: 1. Planning - attracts foreign investment and funding infrastructure development; 2. Employment and Training - determines manpower needs, developing tourism training programs; and 3. Coordinating Public and Private Sectors - determines roles in mixed economics. In order to achieve national development, the government should clearly delineate its policy with regard to tourism and other development options. National Tourism Office (NTO) Countries that are visited by tourists have an official organization that regulates and encourages tourist activities. Its importance varies from one country to another. In some countries, tourism organizations are at the full ministry or cabinet level while in others, it may be on a subcabinet level or a council or information post. In some countries, the tourist office is not officially a part of the regular government structure. The national tourism organization may be highly structured, centralized, and controlled such as that in Russia and many of the socialist countries or it may be a laissezfaire, decentralized system such as those of the United States and the United Kingdom. The national tourism office is responsible for the promotion of tourism in a particular country and for the overall development of the tourist industry. Examples: United States Travel and Tourism Administration and the Department of Tourism in the Philippines The U.S. Travel and Tourism Administration is the national tourism office in the United States. It is under the umbrella of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Its director is an undersecretary of commerce for tourism. Its main objective is to promote and develop tourism to and within the United States and to promote a better and friendlier attitude toward the United States. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 10  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management A. The Department of Tourism in the Philippines The Department of Tourism is the primary government agency charged with the responsibility to encourage, promote, and develop tourism as a major socioeconomic activity; to generate foreign currency and employment; and to spread the benefits of tourism to a wider segment of the population, to assure the safe, convenient, enjoyable stay and travel of the foreign and local tourists in the country. The Department of Tourism is headed by the Secretary of Tourism who is assisted by three (3) undersecretaries and one assistant secretary. The Assistant Secretary for Internal Services and Legislative Liaison is responsible for the Legal Service, Administrative Service, as well as the Financial and Management Service. The Undersecretary for Planning, Product Development, and Coordination is responsible for the Office of Tourism Development Planning, Office of Product Research and Development, as well as the Office of Tourism Coordination. The Undersecretary for Tourism Service is responsible for the Office of Tourism Standards, National Capital Region, and all Regional Offices. The Undersecretary for Tourism Promotions is responsible for the Bureau of Domestic Promotions, Bureau of International Tourism Promotions, as well as the Office of Tourism Information. Directly under the Secretary of Tourism are the National Parks Development Committee, the Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation, the Philippine Tourism Authority, the Intramuros Administration, and the Nayong Pilipino Foundation, Inc. The fifteen (15) regional offices of the DOT are responsible for domestic tourism promotion, tourism marketing accreditation, tourism assistance, public relations, and coordination with local government units and tourism stockholders in the region. The regional offices are also tasked to undertake planning and product development projects in support of the government's policy of decentralization under the Local Government Code. The DOT regional offices are also actively involved in the formulation of Regional Tourism Master Plans (RTMP) that will serve as the framework in the development of travel and tourism in the Philippines. The regional offices are located in the following areas: Baguio City; San Fernando, La Union with sub-offices in Laoag City; Tuguegarao, Cagayan; San Fernando, Pampanga with a sub-office in MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 11  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management Clark; Legaspi City, Iloilo City, with sub-offices in Bacolod City and Boracay Island; Cebu City, Tacloban City, Zamboanga City: Cagayan de Oro City; Davao City; Cotabato City; and Butuan City. The offices of Region IV and the NCR are housed in the DOT Building on T. M. Kalaw St., Manila. There are five (5) attached agencies that help the DOT in the performance of its functions. These are the Philippines Tourism Authority (PTA), Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation (PCVC), Intramuros Administration (IA), National Parks and Development Committee (NPDC), and the Nayong Pilipino Foundation (NPF). B. Philippine Tourism Authority (PTA) The PTA management is composed of a General Manager and Deputy General Managers for Administration, Finance, Infrastructure, and Operations. The PTA is vested with powers and functions provided under Presidential Decree No. 189 as amended by Presidential Decree No. 564. These are: 1. to implement policies and programs of the Department pertaining to the development, promotion, and supervision of tourism projects in the Philippines; 2. to promote the development into integrated resort complexes of selected and well-defined geographic areas with potential value, known as tourist zones. Such tourist zones shall consist of underdeveloped areas the ownership of which may be partially or wholly acquired by the Authority; 3. to extend all forms of assistance to private enterprise in 4. understanding tourism projects; to undertake on its own account or in joint venture with the private sector the operation and maintenance of essential tourist facilities which private enterprise alone is not prepared or willing to undertake; 5. to assure availability of land at reasonable prices or rates for private investors in hotels and other tourist facilities; and 6. to coordinate and help implement tourism-related plans or operations of local governments, government agencies, public corporations, and where necessary, those of private entities. C. Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation (PCV) MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 12  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation created under ED. 867, was transformed into a nonstock, nonprofit corporation by virtue of ED. 1448. Its operation was strengthened through the issuance of E.O. 120-A to cover not only the marketing of conventions and incentive travel but also general tourism. The PCVC is managed by an Executive Director and Deputy Executive Directors for Convention and Incentive Travel, Travel Trade, and Corporate Affairs. The PCVC has the following objectives: 1. create and maintain organizational machinery to plan, develop, and execute a campaign to promote tourism and to attract international congresses and conventions in the Philippines; 2. conduct a continuing program to promote and project Metro Manila as a Convention City; 3. supervise, assist, and coordinate all activities related to the smooth operation of various congresses and conventions to be held in the country; 4. oversee the requirements and general welfare of the conventioneers; and 5. encourage and promote the development of skills and services connected with or forming an integral part in the holding of international congresses and conventions. D. Intramuros Administration (IA) The Intramuros Administration was established in 1979. It is vested with the following powers and functions by virtue of P.D. 1616 as amended by P.D. 1748: 1. formulate, coordinate, and execute policies on the implementation of all programs, projects, and activities of the government relating to Intramuros; 2. enter into contracts with any private person or entity or any government agency, either domestic or foreign, for the effective discharge of its functions and responsibilities; 3. acquire through sale, expropriation, or other means and hold real and personal property as it may deem necessary or convenient in the successful prosecution of its work; lease, mortgage, sell, or dispose of such personal and real property; 4. receive, take, and hold by request, donation, gift, purchase, or lease from foreign or domestic sources any asset, grant or property, real or personal, subject to such limitations as are provided in existing laws and regulations; MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 13  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 5. initiate, plan, undertake, and supervise the restoration, upkeep, and maintenance of the Intramuros Walls including the ravelins, moat, Sunken Garden and public places, plazas, streets, and other government property situated within Intramuros; 6. prepare, adopt, revise, and enforce such rules and regulations, implementing guidelines, and standards necessary for the effective regulation of the land use and development activities in Intramuros; 7. expropriate property within the bounds of Intramuros; 8. sponsor, conduct, or support festivals and cultural activities in Intramuros; charge and collect admission fees to the restored Gates and other attractions operated by the Administration; 9. give grants, contributions, and donations for the restoration, repair, and maintenance of historic structures outside of Intramuros; and 10.collect reasonable amounts to be charged as filing fees, inspection fees, permit fees, service fees necessary for the effective enforcement of its laws and regulatory measures. E. National Parks Development Committee (NPDC) The National Parks Development Committee was created on January 14, 1963 by virtue of Executive Order No. 30 as amended by E.O. Nos. 3, 93, 270, and 299. The NPDC became an attached agency of the DOT in January 1987 through E.O. 120. The NPDC has the following functions: 1. undertake development of new parks; 2. upgrade and maintain park facilities; 3. develop and operate cultural and educational programs; and 4. facilitate private sector participation in appropriate aspects of parks development and maintenance. F. Nayong Pilipino Foundation (NPF) The Nayong Pilipino Foundation, managed by the Nayong Pilipino Foundation, was attached to the DOT in 1991 by virtue of E.O. 497. Nayong Pilipino is the only tourist complex showcasing the many primary attractions and scenic places in the Philippines. It is a major administrative and operational concern of the agency to keep its facilities and surroundings in the best condition. Rehabilitation, restoration, and construction programs are necessary to ensure a fine collection of miniature Philippine attractions which reflect Filipino history and culture. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 14  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management Professional Tourism Organizations Several professional tourism organizations have been established to bridge the gap between government and industry. By working together, they promote a very favorable tourism climate. Some of these organizations are described below: A. The United States Travel Data Center (USTDC) The United States Travel Data Center is an independent, nonprofit research and educational organization which aims to improve the quality and range of statistical data describing travel and tourism. It is financed by grants and membership fees. The members come from institutions, corporations, the private sector as well as government agencies. The Data Center is located in Washington D.C. It has published several studies which provide information pertaining to the travel industry in the United States. Examples of these studies are: A National Travel Survey, Impact of Travel on State Economies, and Travel Outlook Forum. B. Travel Industry Association of America (TIAA) The Travel Industry Association of America is a nonprofit association of companies and government organizations which was formed to promote travel to and within the United States. It is based in Washington D.C. It has a membership of more than one thousand organizations, firms, and other agencies. Members from the private sector include domestic and international businesses and corporations, accommodations, tour operators, travel agents, and transportation. Members from the public sector include city, state, and federal government agencies, such as visitor centers, convention organizations, state government travel offices, and area and regional tourism organizations. The organization obtains its funds from its members. Its main objective is to develop and implement programs that benefit the travel supplier and consumer. It concentrates its activities on those programs that represent a national industry need but which no single component in the tourism industry could be expected to carry out. The programs are classified into the following categories: 1. Marketing facilitation - promotes and facilitates travel to and within the United States through special promotions and travel marts; MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 15  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 2. Tourism research - works with United States Travel and Tourism Administration (USTTA) and the U.S. Travel Date Center in order to promote an understanding of the economic and social well-being of the nation as a result of travel; 3. Governmental affairs - active in legislation issues in an effort to represent the views of the travel industry. It assists the government in the development of tourism programs, policies, and legislation; 4. Educational programs - provide a communication network for travel-related information for educational purposes; and 5. Travel promotion - encourages and promotes reciprocal travel between nations and acts as a watchdog on programs that would restrict travel. C. Travel and Tourism Research Association (TTRA) The Travel and Tourism Research Association is concerned with travel research, specifically in improving the quality and effectiveness of research in the travel industry. Through a series of conferences, reports, and a journal, the association aims to maintain current communications in travel research developments and methodology occurring in the field. It is concerned with the teaching of tourism and has established communication procedures to support education. D. American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA) The American Society of Travel Agents is one of the largest travel associations in the United States. It includes travel agencies and tour operators from the United States and Canada. Allied memberships are available to other sectors of the travel industry such as airlines, railroads, bus lines, car rental firms, hotels as well as government and educational institutions. ASTA is subdivided into eleven areas or chapters. Among its publications are: ASTA Travel News, ASTA Notes, Convention Daily Newspapers, ASTA Roster, and ASTA Travel Correspondence Course. E. Universal Federation of Travel Agents Association (UFTAA) The objectives of the Universal Federation of the Travel Agents Association are: to act as a negotiating body for the various branches of the tourism and travel industries on behalf of travel agents; to give professional and technical advice and assistance to travel agencies on the world economy and tourism; and to improve the prestige and public recognition of travel agents. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 16  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management F. World Association for Professional Training in Tourism (WAPTT) The World Association for Professional Training in Tourism is concerned with vocational training. G. Council on Hotel, Restaurant, and Institutional Education (CHRIE) The Council on Hotel, Restaurant, and Institutional Education was founded in 1946 as a nonprofit association for schools, colleges, and universities offering programs in hotel and restaurant management, food service management, and culinary arts. In recent years, its focus has expanded to include the enhancement of professionalism at all levels of the hospitality and tourism industry, such as food, lodging, recreation, and travel services. CHRIE works to foster the international advancement of teaching, training, learning, research, and practice in the field of hospitality and tourism. It provides access to information, research, shared resources, talented people, and progressive ideas. Its office is in Washington D.C. CHRIE is governed by an elected Board of Directors and a professional staff. At present, there are 19 CHRIE chapters throughout the world. Each one is led by an elected president, vice president, and secretary/treasurer. It has more than 2,300 members throughout North America and in more than 50 countries around the world. There are three categories of membership- individual member, institutional member, and corporate/ organizational member. The annual membership dues vary according to category, division, and geographic location. Some of its publications are: The Guide to College Programs in Hospitality and Tourism; The Hospitality and Tourism Educator; and Hospitality Research Journal. H. Association of Travel Marketing Executives (ATME) The Association of Travel Marketing Executives is a nonprofit research and educational organization of individual travel marketing executives. The scope of the ATME is international and covers all travel industry segments. Its office is in Washington, D.C., U.S.A. ATME aims to assist travel marketing executives toward greater personal achievement, success, and satisfaction. Benefits derived from membership in the ATME are passed along to its affiliate firms, consumers, and to the whole travel industry. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 17  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The members of ATME are professionals in an executive or managerial capacity in work that is primarily but not exclusively related to marketing, a travel product, or service. A person involved in creating, developing, or promoting travel or travel products qualifies to be a member. Affiliation with ATME is based solely on the personal qualifications of each member. ATME activities are based on the collection and dissemination of marketing information and the advancement of professional expertise through personal exchange and association with other professionals in travel marketing. TME activities include: 1. monthly newsletters to and for its members entitled Travel and Tourism Executives Newsletter; 2. special reports on travel marketing; 3. encouragement and assistance in developing and promoting regional group chapters and meetings throughout the world; 4. seminars and workshops of timely interest to ATME affiliates; 5. annual Registry of Registered Travel Marketing Professionals and Associates; and 6. possible election to Fellow status. ATME affiliate classifications include: 1. Registered travel marketing professional - is a career travel marketing executive. He is entitled to all rights and privileges of association and affiliation; 2. Travel marketing associate - includes students, suppliers, and others wishing to participate in ATME programs but do not meet the requirements for registered professional may become an associate of ATME; and 3. Fellow - qualified individuals who have been a registered travel marketing professional for at least one year. After the one-year anniversary date, the registered professional may apply for fellow status. A fellow requires a more detailed personal and professional history and at least five years full-time experience as a travel marketing professional. I. The Society of Travel and Tourism Educators (SOTTE) The Society of Travel and Tourism Educators was founded in 1980. Its original members were only fifteen. At present, there are 300 members representing all levels of travel and tourism MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 18  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management educators. The members come from the United States, Canada, as well as the international education community. Its office is in New York, U.S.A. The aims of SOTTE are the following: 1. to increase professional knowledge through interaction with all levels of travel and tourism educators; 2. to develop a network of peers with whom the members can learn and grow; 3. to share ideas, strategies, and research with the other members; 4. to promote a closer working relationship between educators and the industry; 5. to organize meetings and conferences in which travel and tourism educators and industry executives will discuss the education and training needs of the industry; 6. to publish a newsletter with the latest information on educational issues, opportunities, and resources; and 7. to promote the image and understanding of travel and tourism education within the larger arenas of the industry and the academic world. The members are classified into the following categories: 1. Active members - are educators who are actively engaged in teaching courses or doing research in travel and tourism in certificate or degree-granting institutions; 2. Associate members - are non-educators who are actively engaged in the travel and tourism industry as officers or employees of organizations whose principal function is the promotion and development of travel and tourism and who are interested in enhancing the quality of travel and tourism education; 3. Corporate members - are organizations or institutions which are directly involved in the education of travel and tourism students or which employ graduates of such programs; 4. Student members - are students currently enrolled in certificate or degree granting programs in travel and tourism; and 5. Allied members - are organizations, other than an educational institution, which have an interest in supporting and enhancing travel and tourism education. The Society's members have diverse qualifications. Their educational and industry backgrounds include such areas as geography, hospitality studies, leisure studies, market research, meetings MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 19  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management and conventions, parks and recreation, sociology of tourism, tour operations, tourism marketing, tourism planning, tourism research, transportation, and travel agency training. Tourism Organizations in the Philippines A. Philippine Travel Agencies Association (PTAA) The Philippine Travel Agencies Association was established in 1979. It was born out of a union of the national associations of the outbound travel agencies and inbound tour operators. It aims to foster unity in the travel industry and to promote the welfare of its members and the traveling public. The objectives of the PTAA are: 1. to unite the members in a common purpose, working in a close bond of cooperation, fellowship, and assistance in furthering and protecting the interest of its members; 2. to strive toward the attainment of the highest standards of services and facilities for travelers and tourists; 3. to uphold the dignity and the ethics of the travel and tour business and to strive toward its professionalization; 4. to work for the general welfare of the members by acting as the true representatives of the travel and tour agency sector of the industry; 5. to cultivate friendly relations between the Philippines and other countries and among their peoples; 6. to act as an effective liaison with government agencies and other trade organizations involved in local, regional, or international tourism and travel for the benefit of its members; and 7. to encourage, support, and help develop Philippine tourism. Organization and Structure The set up of the whole organization includes the General Memberships, the Board of Trustees, in-service groups and committees, and the Secretariat. The General Membership is composed of Regular, Associate, Allied, and Affiliate members admitted to the membership by the Board of Trustees. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 20  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The Board of Trustees serves as the policy-making body of the organization and is composed of 15 members, duly elected by the general membership in an annual meeting held between the third week of October to the second week of November. The immediate past President sits in the board as an ex-officio member but without the right to vote. The Board meets regularly every first Wednesday of the month. The Board of Trustees has twenty-four (24) working committees. These groups and committees assist in the formulation and implementation of policies, plans, and programs. The Secretariat is the administrative, information, and service center of the whole association. Membership The member-associations fall into four categories namely: 1. Regular members - are firms duly licensed by the appropriate government agency as travel and tour agencies and admitted to membership by the Board of Trustees; 2. Associate members -- are branches of regular members duly licensed by the appropriate government agency as travel and tour agency branch offices and admitted to membership by the Board of Trustees; 3. Allied members - are airlines, convention organizers, handicraft stores, hotels, inns, nightclubs, resorts, restaurants, shipping companies, tourist transport operators, and other entities related to or engaged in the tourism industry whether directly or indirectly, duly licensed by the Department of Tourism and/or other government agencies and admitted to membership by the Board of Trustees; and 4.Affiliate members - are regional or provincial associations of travel and tour agencies duly organized as an association and registered with the appropriate government agency and admitted to membership by the Board of Trustees. Membership Responsibilities 1. Active participation and involvement in the activities of the association, specifically in the concerns of the committees 2. Regular attendance at the General Membership and Business Meetings MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 21  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 3. Adherence and commitment to the PTAA Principles of Professional Conduct and Code of Ethics 4. Prompt payment of membership dues and special assessment and other fees Affiliations The PTAA is the Philippine representative to: 1. ASEAN Tourism Association (ASEANTA); 2. Federation of ASEAN Travel Association (FATA); and 3. Universal Federation of Travel Agencies Association (UFTAA). Locally, it represents the travel/tour agency sector in: 1. Tourism Council of the Philippines (TCP); 2. Air Safety Foundation (ASF); 3. Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCT). 4. Hotel and Tourism Institute of the Philippines (HTIP); and 5. Tourism Industry Board Federation, Inc. (TIBFI). B. The Hotel and Restaurant Association of the Philippines (HRAP) The Hotel and Restaurant Association of the Philippines was founded on September 12, 1952 by executives from the leading hotels and restaurants in Manila. Its main objective is to upgrade the management skills and personnel services to maintain proper standards at home as well as keep abreast with progressive trends abroad. To realize its objectives, countless seminars, workshops, and conventions were held through the years both on regional and national levels. It also conducted in-service training in top hotels and restaurants in the Philippines as well as food and table service demonstrations. Observation teams went to many parts of the country to assess the situation of establishments in the area and determine the areas where training was needed most. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 22  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management HRAP has joined AAHRA and the International Hotel Association in order to broaden its base from national to international scope. Likewise, representatives went on government sponsored tourism mission abroad to tap the tourism potentials in other countries. To advertise the presence of suitable accommodations and restaurants in the Philippines, HRAP, with the assistance of the Department of Tourism, came out with the Hospitality and Travel Directory. The directory was successfully disseminated to travel agencies, airlines, and embassies abroad. The HRAP membership includes the following: 1. Hotel sector - comprises hotels, resorts, apartelles, pension houses, and transport establishments with accommodations and food service facilities; 2. Restaurant sector - comprises restaurants, clubs, pubs, bistros, music lounges, catering, and quick-service establishments; 3. Allied sector - comprises established suppliers of products, equipment, and services for hotels, restaurants, and food service establishments; 4.Associate division - comprises schools offering hotel and restaurant management/ administration or tourism oriented degree courses; 5. Affiliate sector - comprises other organizations of professionals working in the hotel and restaurant industry; 6. Provincial chapters - are established in provinces chartered cities outside of Metro Manila duly recognized, accredited, and governed by the by-laws of the HRAP; 7. Honorary members – are persons recognized for their exceptional and outstanding contributions to the development of the hospitality and tourist industries; and 8. Life members - are persons recognized for having rendered outstanding service to the Association either as officer, director, or member. Apart from its membership recruitment drive, the HRAP continuously drums up activities and projects intended to promote camaraderie, fellowship, and closeness among members such as tour and golf programs. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 23  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The HRAP publishes newsletters which are distributed to members as well as to officers of other tourism-oriented organizations to update them on the ongoing and forthgoing activities and projects of the association. Circulars on industry concerns are likewise disseminated to all members. Through the linkage of HRAP with the Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation (PCVC), members are able to participate in international sales blitzes to promote not only their own properties abroad, but also the country's attractive tourist destinations. The HRAP undertakes projects geared toward vocational traini ng and manpower development along skills required by the hospitality industry. It serves as liaison with institutions, schools, and organizations engaged in manpower education and training. It established a training school-The Hotel and Tourism Institute of the Philippines (HTIP) which has graduated over 100 young hoteliers and restaurateurs. The HRAP organized a very prestigious culinary event-the annual Chefs on Parade competitions and exhibitions in which chefs, food and beverage personnel, and kitchen artists compete with their colleagues, gain excellent exposure and training, and receive recognition for their creative talents and skills in the culinary arts. The HRAP works in partnership with the following international, regional, and national organizations to enhance the profile and competitiveness of the national hotel and restaurant industry: International Organizations 1. Pacific Asia Travel Association (PATA) Philippine Chapter 2. Asean Tourism Association (ASEANTA) 3. Asean Hotel and Restaurant Association (AHRA) 4. International Hotel and Restaurant Association (IHRA) 5. The Asia Foundation (TAF) 6. Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) National Government Organizations MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 24  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 1. Department of Tourism 2. Department of Labor and Employment 3. Department of Finance 4. Department of Health 5. Department of Trade and Industry 6. Department of Education 7. Department of Interior and Local Government/Philippine National Police 8. Senate and Congress Committees on Tourism Non-Government Professional Organizations 1. Employers Confederation of the Philippines (ECOP) 2. Filipino Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (FILSCAP) 3. Hotel and Restaurant Tripartite Consultative Board (HRTCB) 4. Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCI) 5. Tourism Industry Board Foundation Inc. (TIBFI) 6. Tourism Council of the Philippines (TCP) 7. Philippine Business for the Environment (PBE) 8. Society of Association Executives (SAE) C. Tourism Educators of Schools, College, and Universities (TESCU) The Tourism Educators of Schools, Colleges, and Universities, or TESCU, is a bona fide organization of Tourism Educators duly registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 9, 1993: 1. to unite all colleges, universities, and schools with tourism programs with the end in view of training and developing their students for a productive and meaningful career in tourism; 2. to promote a closer working relationship between educators and industry; 3. to put out a journal which will publish research studies, articles, and up -to-date information with regard to the tourism industry; MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 25  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 4.to encourage members to undertake research on the latest aspects of tourism to produce information, data, and new findings in order to bolster the country's tourism industry; 5. to sponsor lectures, seminars, workshops, conferences, and symposia on the various fields of tourism; and 6. to work with colleagues to advance the image and understanding of travel and tourism education within the larger arenas of the industry and the academic world. The association has three (3) categories of members namely: 1. Regular - those engaged in the teaching of tourism and other related courses; 2. Association - those involved in tourism research, studies and training; and 3. Institutional - institutions and organizations which are interested in promoting the goals of the association. The members are entitled to the following: 1. participation in TESCU meetings, seminars, symposia, training programs, and conferences; 2. participation in educational programs, scholarship grants, and the like; 3. information exchange through newsletters and journals; 4. involvement in research; 5. awards and recognition for outstanding work in the field of tourism; 6. affiliations with other tourism organizations; 7. participation in tourism interschool activities, contests, and the like; and 8. involvement in community and environmental awareness through educational tours, cruise fora, and the like. D. Council of Hotel and Restaurant Educators of the Philippines (COHREP) The Council of Hotel and Restaurant Educators of the Philippines is a bona fide organization of hotel and restaurant educators of the Philippines duly registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Council has the following objectives: MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 26  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 1. to generate a wide acquaintance and closer cooperation among those interested in hotel and restaurant education; 2. to provide educational opportunities for HRM educators who are interested chiefly in particular areas within the general field of HRM to pursue their specialties; 3. to provide a forum for the dissemination and exchange of information about such topics as course content and structure, teaching methods, materials, services, facilities and techniques, continuing adult education, and other such topics as may be of material interest to the members; 4. to provide opportunities for HRM educators to publish scholarly papers based upon their conceptual as well as experimental findings; 5. to act as liaison between the schools, universities which the Council members represent and the agencies in the hospitality industry; 6. to foster better understanding, communication and cooperation among educational institutions concerned with HRM and the hospitality industry; and 7. to support a culture of hospitality that embodies the value system, ethics, and morals of a hospitality educator. The members are classified as: 1. Regular – those who are full-time educators or administrators granting certificates, baccalaureate or graduate degree in HRM, practitioners in the hospitality industry who have taught HRM students for at least a year and is currently on a full-time or part-time basis, affiliated with a college or university offering HRM; 2. Associate - those who are practitioners in the hospitality industry, representatives of the DepEd, DOT, HRIB, TIB and other regulated agencies, entrepreneurs in the hotel and restaurant industry; 3. Sustaining - those institutions, associations or corporations that are actually involved in the hotel and restaurant industry and advancement of hotel and restaurant education in the Philippines; 4. Honorary - those who are invited by the Council to become such because of exceptional and outstanding contributions to the development and growth of the hospitality or tourist industries and educational institutions, and 5. Life -- those who have rendered ten (10) years of outstanding service to the association either as an officer or member. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 27  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management The members have the following rights and privileges: 1. participation in the annual COHREP conventions; 2. participation in COHREP meetings, attendance in seminars, symposia, training programs and conferences (hotel and international); 3. participation in educational programs and scholarship grants; 4. information exchange through the COHREP newsletter and other publications; and 5. involvement in research. E. The Association of Administrators in Hospitality, Hotel and Restaurant Management Educational Institutions Incorporated (AAHRMEI) The Association of Administrators in Hospitality, Hotel and Restaurant Management Educational Institutions Incorporated is envisioned to be an outstanding organization serving as a v ehicle for all schools offering Hotel and Restaurant Management, Tourism, Food Technology, Home Economics, Nutrition and other related programs in the quest for leadership excellence among academicians and practitioners towards quality education for all stakeholders. The organization aims to achieve the following objectives: 1 establish linkages among different schools nationwide for the advancement of the quality and relevant education; 2 initiate programs and activities that are necessary for the total development of administrators, faculty members, practitioners, and students; 3. prepare faculty members and prospective practitioners for leadership skills and competencies; 4. assist government agencies, particularly the Commission on Higher Education, Dept. of Tourism, and the Technical Education Skills Development Authority in the implementation of programs and guidelines affecting the hospitality education and industry; and 5. develop camaraderie among administrators, faculty members, and industry practitioners for a healthy learning sharing relationship. The members are classified as: 1. Regular - those who are administrators including practicum coordinators. Only regular members can run for board member positions; MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 28  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 2. Associate - those who are HRM and Tourism faculty members and industry practitioners; and 3. Institutional – those schools, colleges, and universities, offering HRM Tourism programs. The Women in Travel, Philippine Chapter The Women in Travel, Philippine Chapter was organized in 1980. It is an affiliate member of the International Federation of Women in Travel Organization (IFWTO) which has a worldwide membership of 5,000. The members are the top female executives of airlines, hotels, travel agencies, tour operators, and other companies involved in the travel business. The notable achievements of the Women in Travel, Philippine Chapter are: 1983 - Women in Travel Philippines hosted the Pacific Regional Conference attended by delegates from Asia, Australia, California, and New Zealand; 1988 - The Worldwide Convention of the International Federation of Women in Travel Organization (IFWTO) was held at the Manila Hotel with then President Corazon Aquino as the Guest of Honor; 1989 - The "Save the Environment Project" was launched by the Women in Travel in Boracay; 1990 - The first Women in Travel Tourism Services Training was held in Boracay in cooperation with the Department of Tourism; 1991 - The second Tourism Services Training was held in Boracay; 1992-1994 - The third and fourth Tourism Services Workshop was held in Boracay; 1995 - The fifth Tourism Services Workshop was held in Puerto Princesa, Palawan; 1995 - The Women in Travel Philippines, together with the Department of Tourism was awarded the PATA Grand Gold Award (Education Category); 1996 - The sixth Tourism Workshop was held in Kalibo, Aklan; 1997 - The co-sponsored Training Program was held in Palawan; 1997 - Participated in “Rediscover Boracay Project”; and 1998 - Sponsored an Executive Tourism Workshop for resort owners in Boracay. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 29  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management F. Philippine Association of Conventions/Exhibitions, Organizations and Suppliers, Inc. (PACEOS) The Philippine Association of Conventions/Exhibitions, Organizations and Suppliers, Inc. is the voice of the convention and exhibition industry. It plays a significant role in the economic development of the country through conventions, trade fairs, and special events. The objectives of PACEOS are: 1. to bring more events into the country by working more closely with professional associations, as well as encouraging members to create their own events; 2. to upgrade the skills of those involved in the industry through educational seminars; 3. to professionalize the association's ranks and achieve a better working relationship through open communication and networking; and 4. to represent the industry's concerns with venues, suppliers, and concerned government agencies. The members of PACEOS are professional convention/exhibition organizers, venues, booth contractors, convention hotels, and exhibition freight forwarders. PACEOS supports and endorses the 10-point agenda presented to the Secretary of the Department of Tourism covering the following areas: 1. improving the country's image; 2. more focused and effective marketing; 3. more discriminate allocation of budget; 4. progressive liberalization of aviation policies; and 5. upgrading and preservation of age-old destinations like the Banawe Rice Terraces and Intramuros. G. Network of Independent Travel Agencies (NAITAS) The Network of Independent Travel Agencies is the official association of Non-IATA Travel Agencies which was established in 1986. Its objectives are the following: 1. to unify the various Non-IATA travel agents and promote harmonious relationship among its members; 2. to assist and lead its members toward being more professional in delivering travel and tour- related services; MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 30  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 3. to contribute in the promotion of local and international travel and tourism; 4. to unify members toward speedy and fair solutions to problems unique to Non-IATA agents; and 5. to have one solid voice in the tourism industry. The on-going programs NAITAS are: 1. continuous educational and developmental training programs for management and front liners; 2. organization of consortiums for various products to create more competitive pricing for members; 3. promoting local distinctions; 4. support various programs with other government agencies such as the DOT, DFA, BID, DILG; 5. create a rich pool of trainers in tourism-related subjects/programs; 6. join forces with other travel associations to be able to focus energies and resources towards a strengthened travel and tourism industry; and 7. create globally competitive projects in order to contribute to the financial stability of members and to the economic growth of the economy. H. Movement of Incentive Travel Executives (MITE) The Movement of Incentive Travel Executives was organized on August 29-30, 1991 by the Philippine Convention and Visitors Corporation (PCVC) in cooperation with the New York-based Society of Incentive Travel Executives (SITE). The objectives of MITE are: 1. to use incentive travel as a business tool in the application of MITE's collective resources; 2. to develop educational programs and other business activities that offer value to its members; and 3. to sell the Philippines as a quality incentive destination. Membership MITE's members represent the forerunners of Incentive Travel such as hotels, tour and transport operators, resorts, airlines, marketing and creative specialists, and selected media personali ties. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 31  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management Its members can deliver incentive travel programmes with creativity, imagination, and professionalism. Meaning of Incentive Travel As defined by the Society of Incentive Travel Executives (SITE), "Incentive travel is a modern management tool used to Accomplish uncommon business goals by awarding participants an extraordinary travel experience upon their attainment of their share of uncommon goals." Incentive can be used to accomplish several business objectives namely: increased sales, increased production, higher quality level, improved customer service, and increased safety. Practically any business objective that can be measured can be accomplished through the use of incentives. The choice of reward will vary based on the objectives. Why Incentive Travel? There has been a growing recognition in recent years of the advantages of using incentive travel vis-a-vis other traditional rewards such as cash, merchandise, lifestyle, and performance enhancers such as plaques, rings, trophies, and the like. Other reasons are: 1. Travel incentive awards are permanent symbols of success; 2. Travel incentives are highly promotable; 3. Travel incentives overcome the comfort level of psychology. An incentive program breaks through this effort barrier; 4. Incentive travel has memory value. Cash is quickly spent and forgotten. Thus, it has no identity; and 5. Travel incentives have the lowest ratio of cost to incremental sales. People who win an incentive trip are the most motivated, and the most successful people their company has. As such, they deserve to have their efforts rewarded with the most memorable events imaginable. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 32  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management These events need not be grand extravaganzas with abundant budgets. They should be events that provide the guest with the experience that they could not obtain in another way. I. Guides Inc. (Philippines) Guides Inc. (Philippines) was organized on May 21, 1986 as a nonstock, nonprofit entity. It aims to attain the following: 1. development among the officers and members the value of nationalism, honesty, self-reliance, collectivism, and social concern; 2. effective promotion of the country's natural and cultural attractions to domestic and international tourists; 3. upgrading of the competencies of its members and provisions of opportunities for professional growth and development; 4. inculcation of discipline, love for work, and commitment among its members; 5. constant maintenance of efficient and highly qualified tour guides; and 6. establishment and maintenance of linkages with tourism business enterprises. At present, the association has a membership of 320 tour guides. Guides Inc. (Philippines) is a member of the World Federation of Tour Guides Association and a potent organizatio nal arm of the Department of Tourism. It conducts and sponsors seminars and workshops to further educate and enlighten its members on the various aspects of tour guiding. It publishes a journal, Guides Gazette, which keeps all members posted on the latest trends, activities, and programs of the industry. It also maintains a library where members can get more information through books, journals, and other materials. J. The Philippine Tour Operators Association (PHILTOA) The Philippine Tour Operators Association (PHILTOA) Inc., is an organization of tour operators and allied members actively involved in the advocacy of responsible tourism. Founded on June 12,1986, it is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission as a non-stock and non-profit organization. The membership includes travel agencies, airlines, hotels, resorts, MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 33  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management transportation companies, handicraft stores, and other tourism-oriented establishments and associations. Vision To be the National Tour Operator's Association of the Philippines Mission 1. To create/ organize different chapters 2. To enhance networking between the government sector and the private sector particularly in the tourism industry 3. To preserve natural tourist destinations through the promotion of environment consciousness projects Goals 1. To encourage and foster nationwide chapter extensions 2. To pursue an active role in product development (emerging destinations) 3. To strive for international recognition and affiliations 4. To upgrade industry knowledge through education/workshop 5. To conduct national information campaign on relevant issues 6. To develop active membership through participation and involvement in team-building activities 7. To develop and update database 8. To revise and amend the by-laws to conform to the needs of the times 9. To encourage sales mission 10. To address needs and concerns of members in a timely manner 11. To endeavor for financial sustainability Membership The association has two (2) categories of members namely: 1. Regular – those who are duly licensed tour operators who are engaged in the business of booking, handling and assisting in all business and leisure tourism activities within the Philippines for both local and international tourists; and MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 34  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management 2. Allied – these are hotels, resorts, inns, handicraft shops, restaurants, night clubs, tourist transport companies, airline companies, shipping companies, convention and exhibition organizers, tour guide associations and other related entities duly licensed and/or any other government agency pertinent to their operations. Board of Directors The PHILTOA Board is composed of nine (9) directors. Six (6) are from the regular membership and three (3) from the allied membership. The annual election of the Board of Trusties is to be held on the first week of November of each year. The Board of Trusties shall elect from among themselves the officers of the association for a term of one year. Read: Tourism Organizations Read: Chapter 8 Tourism Organizations by: Zenaida Lansangan-Cruz; Watch : Videos on youtube- https://m.youtube.com> ✓ Tourism Organizations ✓ The Future of Tourism MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 35  POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOPEZ QUEZON BRANCH BS Hospitality Management ACTIVITIES/ASSESSMENT Reflection Paper. 8. Discuss the objectives of the international tourism organizations. In what way is PATA unique among regional tourist organizations? Lastly, describe the national professional tourism organizations in the Philippines. Instruction: Reflection paper in a short bond paper. It should contain the following: - Your E-Signature on every page place at the bottom - The first page should contain the PUP logo, your subject description and code, your name, professor name and the date submitted Rubric for Reflection : Reflective Thinking 20% Analysis 30% Making Connections 30% (Ideas are clearly connected and make sense) Clearly Organized 20% Total 100% Remarks/Comments: ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ _____. Note: Please Submit your reflection paper on the specified due date. MISS MILDRED MERJUDIO MONDRAGON, MMHM 36