MODELS (1) PDF, Medical MCQ Past Paper, Kerala

UNRAVEL-21 It’s a compilation of the MCQ sections from the model papers of all medical colleges across Kerala. As for the questions, the numbers might not align in some papers, because they’ve been collected from different colleges, but the answers key, assigned to each paper has been thoroughly cr...

UNRAVEL-21 It’s a compilation of the MCQ sections from the model papers of all medical colleges across Kerala. As for the questions, the numbers might not align in some papers, because they’ve been collected from different colleges, but the answers key, assigned to each paper has been thoroughly cross checked with the respective college papers. If there’s still any correction with the answer key, please contact those below signed FMT- Gayathri Santosh-8590282933 SPM 1-Krishnanjali J- 9633283824, Devika Renjith-9645026880 SPM-2 Shreya 6379958830, Iynes 9778558759 THANKYOU  MCQs MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20x1- 20marks) 1. Subpoena is A. Under penalty B. Verbal statement C. Bailable warrant D. Testimony 2. If the person fails to attend the court after getting a summons he will be A. Liable only to fine D. Punishment with imprisonment B. Liable to fine and or imprisonment C. Set free without punishment 3. Conduct money is A. Fee offered to witness in criminal case the case D. Fee given to expert witness B. Fee offered to witness in civil case C. Fee required to conduct 4. Summons can be issued by A. Post B. Police C. Both a and b D. None 5. Regarding obeying summons A. Criminal court have priority over civil court B.Civil courts have priority over criminal courts C. Both civil and criminal courts have equal priority D. First summons received must be attended first MCQ SINGLE RESPONSE TYPE (20-24) 6. Corpus delicti means A. Postmortem report B. Chemical analysis report C. Body of offence D. Dead body 7. Father of Legal Medicine is A. Virchow B. Paulus Zacchias C.Joseph Bonaventure D. William Oster 8. Bridging of tissue seen in A. Contusion B. Incised wound C. Lacerated wound D. Incised punctured wound 9. Glove and stocking type of hypostasis is seen in A. Hanging B. Strangulation C. Smothering D. Suffocation 10. Postmortem caloricity is seen with A. Strychnine poisoning B. Lead poisoning C. Mercury poisoning D. Phosphorus poisoning MCQ MULTIPLE RESPONSE TYPE (25- 29) Read the statements and mark the answer appropriately 11. In patients with substance abuse, drugs used for treatment are i) Naltrexone (ii) Naloxone (iii) Clonidine (il) Chlorpromazine A. i, and iw B. i, and iii C.i, ii, and iri D. i, ii, iii and iv 12. The following plants are cardiotoxic i) Cerbera thevetia ii) Digitalis iii) Nicotiana tabacum iv) Abrus precatorius A. i iii and iv B. i, and ii C. i, and iii D. i, li and ili 13. Which of the following features are commonly associated with homicidal injuries? 1) Defensive wounds (ii) Random distribution of injuries (i)hesitation cuts (iv) Injuries on vital areas like head and neck A. i & ii B. i, ii and iv C.I, li and iii D. ill and iv ANSWERS 1. A. UNDER PENALTY 2. B. LIABLE TO FINE AND IMPRISONMENT 3. B. FEE OFFERED TO WITNESS IN CIVIL CASE 4. C. POST AND POLICE 5. D. FIRST SUMMINS RECIEVED MUST BE ATTENDED FIRST 6. C. BODY OF OFFENCE 7. B. PAULUS ZACCHAIS 8. C. LACERATED WOUND 9. D. SUFFOCATION 10. A. STRYCHINE POISOING 11. NALTREXONE, NALOXONE, CLONIDINE, CHLORPROMAZINE 12. CERBRA THEVETIA, DIGITALIS, NICOTIANA TABACUM 13. DEFENCE WOUNDS, RANDOM DISTRIBUTION OF INJURIES, INJURIES ON VITAL AREAS LIKE HEAD AND. NECK  1. The following factors are considered as antemortem feature of injuries i) Presence of vital reaction i) Blood clots in the injury i) Pigmentation iv) Presence of neutrophils on B. i, ii and ili B. i and ii C.i, ii and iv D. i, ii, ili and iv 2. True regarding fingerprint analysis method are i rogerprints are different for desi priple behin try in han be altered by supericia injuries (i) the ridge characterisis are the basic principe it, in and inydrin is used to visualiticial ne pries B. i, i and 1y A. i, i and in Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions by sciecting the appropriate options given below a. Both A and R are true. R is the correct explanation of A b. Both A and R are true. R is not the correct explanation of A c. A is true but R is false d. A is false but R is true 3. A. Exhumation requires requisition from Executive Magistrate R. There is no time limit for exhumation in India 4. A. Incised looking lacerated wounds are common in scalp R. Split lacerations occur where the subcutancous tissue is scanty 5. A. Beating on the soles of fect (falanga) is a method of torture R. Injuries from falanga are casily detectable through external examination 6. A. Rigor mortis appears immediately after death R. Rigor mortis is an important indicator of time since death 7. In a case where a swab, sponge or instrument is left in the patient's body after an operation, the surgeon is liable for the damage, even though it is the theatre sister's responsibility to count the swab, sponge or instruments. A. Res ipsa loquitur becomes applicable here R. Vicarious liability is the reason for responsibility. 1. Multiple Choice Questions. 8: Greenish colored urine is seen in which of the following poisoning? a) Carbolic acid b) Hydrochloric acid c) Nitric acid d) Sulphuric acid de Il. Most reliable criterion of Gustafson's method is a) Attrition b) Periodontosis c) Root resorption d) Root transparency e IlI. Rectified spirit cannot be used for preservation of viscera in cases of poisoning a) Aconite b) Heavy metal c) Paraldehyde d) Opiate e IV. Harrison & Gilroy technique is used to detect a) Arsenic b) Bone residues c) Gunshot residues d) Nonmetallic poison en V. Conventional laws of courtesy observed between the medical fraternities is known as a) Medical ethics b) Medical etiquette c) Medical safeguard d) Professional secrecy CASE SCENARIO Body of an adult female was recovered from forest. There were stains resembling dried blood adherent to the wooden piece near the body. VI. All are screening tests to detect blood stains except g a) Benzidine test b) 0- Toluidine test c) Phenolphthalein test d) Precipitin test t VII.Morphology of RBC of Human blood is a) Circular, biconvex & nucleated b) Circular, biconcave & non nucleated e) Circular, biconcave & nucleated d) Oval, biconvex & non nucleated ANSWERS 1. D 2. B 3. Both A and R are true, and R is he correct explanation of A 4. Both A and R are true, and R is he correct explanation of A 5. A is true, R is false 6. A is true, R is true 7. Both A and R are true, and R is he correct explanation of A : 1. Carbolic acid 11. Root transparency 111. Paraldehyde 1V. Gunshot residues V. Medical etiquette V1. Precipitin test V11. Circular, biconcave and non nucleated  Alm VIII.Pink feathery crystals of Haemochromogen is observed in a) Kastle Mayer test b) Precipitin test c) Takayama test d) Teichman test a IX.Confirmation of human blood is done by d) Spectrophotometry a) Immunological methods b) Marshall test c) Microscopy 3: The following are red cell enzymes EXCEPT d) Peroxidase c) Haptoglobin (Questions XI - XV consists of two statements -Assertion (A) and Reason (R) e XI. A. In order to subject the patient for brain stem death confirmation, he should be in apnocic coma and on ventilator. R. The prerequisite for brainstem confirmation is to rule out a reversible cause of coma after establishing the irreversible proximate cause of apnocic coma. a) A & Rare True and R is the reason for A b) A & Rare True and R is not the reason for A C) A is True, R is False d) A is False, Ris True e) Both are False E XII. A. Puppe's Rule is to determine the sequence of injuries in skull fracture. R. When two or more fractures occur due to successive impact and meet each other, the later fracture will cross the earlier fracture. a) A & R are True and R is the reason for A b) A & R are True and R is not the reason for A c) A is True, R is False d) A is False, R is True e) Both are False Ele XIII. A. Privileged communication is a statement made bonafide upon any subject matter by a doctor t concerned authority. R. A doctor has his duty to protect the interests of the community/state. a) A & Rare True and R is the reason for A b) A & Rare True and R is not the reason for A c) A is True, R is False d) A is False, R is True e) Both are False Et XIV. A. A Person had sustained a fracture on the outer table of skull due to beating with iron rod by another person which healed completely after 3 months and which can be considered as NOT a grievous hurt. R Fracture of both outer and inner table of skull is mandatory to recognize it as grievous hurt a) A & Rare True and R is the reason for A b) A & Rare True and Ris not the reason for A c) A is True, Ris False d) A is False, R is True e) Both are False - XV. A. Female pseudohermaphrodite usually have female external genitalia with genetic constitution o R. Female pseudohermaphrodite is a condition due to congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia. a) 1 & Rare True and R is the reason for A b) A & Rare True and R is not the reason for A c) A is True, R is False d) A is False, R is True e) Both are False multiple response type questions Ga XVI. Sure signs of death due to drowning are 1) Bleaching of hands and foot 111) Mud in the air passages IV) White lathery froth at nostrils a) Both 1 & Il are correct b) Both 11 & Ill are correct c) Both Ill & IV are correct d) All correct ANSWERS : 1. Takayama test 11. Immunological methods 111. Peroxidase X1. Both A and R are true, and R is he correct explanation of A X11. Both A and R are true, and R is he correct explanation of A X111. A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A X1V. Both A and R are true, and R is he correct explanation of A XV. Both A and R are true, and R is he correct explanation of A XV1. Both 3 and 4 1. Regarding Whiplash injury- True statement/s are 1) Acceleration-deceleration injury sustaining to neck in vehicular accident Il) Commonly occurs to the frontal impacts III) Hyperflexion is more dangerous than hyperextension IV) Common upper cervical injuries in vehicular accidents a) Both 1 & Il are correct b) Both ll & Ill are correct c) Both Ill & IV are correct d) All are correct 2. Rigor Mortis- True statements are 1) Calcium entry in out of the sarcomere also play a pivotal role in the mechanism 11) Decline of AIP to 15% alter death initiates the process 111) Proximo-distal distribution is apparent IV) Rigor mortis involves voluntary muscles only 0) Both I & Ill are correct b) Both Il & Ill are correct c) Both MI! & IV are corroct d) 1, 11 & IV are correct 3. Regarding exhumation, True statements are 1) Exhumation can be conducted by written requisition of concerned Station House Officer. 11) Medical doctor is not a sine quo non during the process of lishumation 11) Atis lawful in India IV) There is time limit for ordering exhumation in India a ) Both 1& 11 are correct b) 11, I11 &1V correct c) Both Ill & IV are correct d) Only IT is correct i XX. Regarding Numinum phosphide poisoning. True statements are 1) Cause of death is due to metabolic alkalosis 11) Phosphine act through cellular hypoxia by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase 111) Specificity of Silver nitrate test is low in Alummum phosphide poisoning a) Both 1 & 11 are correct IV) Toxic effect is due to liberation of phosphine gas b) Both 11 & Ill are correct e) Both 11 & IV are correct d) Both 111 & IV are correct Single Response Type: M15. Analysis of hair is useful in the detection of poisoning with: (b) Lead c) Arsenic d) Cannabis (a) Mercury N16. Blood samples for DNA fingerprinting should be transported in? (c) Sodium fluoride (d) Thymol (B) EDTA (a) Normal saline NA17. Inquest in case of dowry death (Sec. 80 BNS, 2023) is conducted by: (b) Sub inspector (c) Police (d) Medical officer (a) Magistrate AN18. In civil negligence burden of proof lies on? (a) Judicial first class magistrate (b) Police officer not below the rank of sub inspector (c) Doctor (d) Patient N19. Rules followed amongst medical professionals which are mutual- (a) Medical etiquette (b) Medical ethics (c) Privileged communication (d) Vicarious liability  ANSWERS 1. Both 1 and I 2. 1, 11 and IV 3. 11, III, IV 4. 11 and Iv 5. Arseni 6. EDTA 7. Magistrate 8. Patient 9. Medical etiquette Multiple Response Type: 20.Falling or diving into water feet first or duck-diving by the inexperienced or diving involving horizontal entry into the water ⑭ with a consequent blow on the abdomen can cause death by a) Hydrocution b) Immersion syndrome c) Near drowning d) Secondary drowning e 21. Which of the following are related to torture? a) Istanbul Protocol 1999 b) Declaration of Helsinki 1975 c) Declaration of Tokyo 1975 d) Declaration of Geneva 1948 e 22. Which of the following is/are a feature of chronic arsenic poisoning? a)Aldrich-mees lines b) Wrist Drop c) Rice water stools d) Perforation of nasal septum e 23. Which of the following is /are not a disorder of mood? a) Obsessive-compulsive disorder b) Mania c) Phobic-anxiety disorder d) Schizophrenia e 24. Which of the following is/are cardiac poisons? a) Datura b) Aconite c) Cannabis d) Tobacco Assertion Reason Type: 25. A) Pathological or clinical autopsy can be undertaken only when there is an official and written order from the authorized - Police Officer or Magistrate (R) Pathological or clinical autopsy should be done according to NHRC protocol. a) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect. b) Assertion is correct and Reason is incorrect. c) Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct. d) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but the reason given is not that of the assertion stated. e) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the reason given is that of the assertion stated. ⑱ 26. (A) In case of death due to Cholera cooling will be rapid for the first two hours after death (R) Postmortem caloricity is due to the continuing action of the micro-organisms in the body tissue and fluids. a) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect. b) Assertion is correct and Reason is incorrect. c) Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct. d) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but the reason given is not that of the assertion stated. e) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the reason given is that of the assertion stated. ⑲ 27. A) In an incised wound, the cut will be shallow in the beginning which is known as tailing of the wound and it is medico legally important as (R) It indicates the direction of the cut. a) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect. b) Assertion is correct and Reason is incorrect. c) Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct. * d) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but the reason given is not that of the assertion stated. e) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the reason given is that of the assertion stated. R 28. (A) Secondary markings on the crime bullet will be beneficial in the identification of the crime weapon (R) As secondary markings that are specific for that particular weapon a)Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect. b)Assertion is correct and Reason is incorrect. c) Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct. d)Both Assertion and Reason are correct but the reason given is not that of the assertion stated. e)Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the reason given is that of the assertion stated.  ANSWERS 1. (a) & (D) 2. (a), (2) 1(d) 3. 297, (b), (2) 4. (9), 22), (d) 5. (b), (1)) 6. (D) 7. (d) (e) 8. 9. (d) - 29. (A) Running amok is the condition in which the addict becomes excited, delirious and develops homicidal mania (R) It is due to long-continued use of cocaine and LSD a) Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect. b) Assertion is correct and Reason is incorrect. d) Both Assertion and Reason are correct but the reason given is not that of the assertion stated. c) Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct. e) Both Assertion and Reason are correct and the reason given is that of the assertion stated. Clinical Based Scenario E 30. A 32-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital after, being involved in a high-speed car accident. She was the front-seat she is conscious but reports severe pain in her chest and abdomen. There are visible bruises on her across her chest prominent passenger in a vehicle that collided with a large tree after swerving off the road. Upon examination in the emergency department, Imaging reveals a fractured sternum, several fractured ribs on the left side, fracture of tibia, and internal bleeding in the abdominal diagonally, and there are abrasions on her forehead and cheek. The patient also has multiple contusions on her arms and legs. cavity. following? 2 1. The pattern of bruising across the chest and the presence of a fractured sternum are most likely indicative of which of the a) Airbag deployment impact b) Steering wheel injury c) Secondary impact with the dashboard d) Compressive force from vehicle roof collapse e) Seatbelt restraint injury bla 2. Internal bleeding in the abdominal cavity after a high-speed collision commonly suggests damage to which of the following organs? a) Heart b) Kidneys c) Lungs d) Liver and spleen e) Bladder a) Brain hemorrhage L 3. Fractured ribs are significant because they can most commonly lead to which of the following fatal complications? b) Cardiac tamponade c) Pulmonary embolism d) Pneumothorax or hemothorax e) Stroke Eli 4. The bruising and abrasions on the patient's face, particularly over the forehead and cheek, could indicate that: a) She was wearing a helmet at the time of the collision b) She experienced direct impact with the windshield or side window c) She was seated in the rear of the vehicle d) She has a pre-existing bleeding disorder e) She experienced only minor injury without risk of concussion ⑲ 5. In cases of blunt force trauma such as this, a what's your chief role as a doctor in investigating the injury distribution/pattern: a) Whether the patient was conscious and oriented at the time of the impact b) If the injuries are consistent with the described mechanism of the crash c). To prove the patient was seated in the driver's position instead d) The specific type of vehicle involved in the crash e) To collect the patient's history of previous accidents ANSWERS 1.(b) 2. (e) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6.(b)  Single Response type questions i. A police can arrest a person without warrent in a Ar a) Cognizable offence b)Non-Cognizable offence c Summons case d)Warrant case. ii. Casper's dictum helps in the determination of 20 a) Growth of fetus b) Hair growth c) Rate of cooling d) Rate of putrefaction Se iii. Which of the following tests is used to detect Semen a) Marsh test b) Phenolphthalein test c) Paraffin test d) Barberio's test ⑪ iv.Percolation of blood to the lateral aspect of head behind the ear due to middle cranial fossa fracture is called a) Grey Turner's sign h) Battle's sign c) Raccoon's sign d) Cullen sign 5 - Lucid interval is seen in ---- ---and is associated usually with fracture of skull a) Intracerebral haemorrhage_b) Subdural haemorrhage c)Subarachnoid haemorrhage d) Extra dural haemorrhage Multiple response type questions. Read the statements and mark the TRUE statements a. 1,2,3 b. 1, 3, 4 ANSWERS C. 1,2,4 d. 2,3 1. (a) At vi. Findings seen in death due to starvation i) Brown atrophy of heart ii) raised intracranial tension 2. (d) iii) 0-12 days is the latent period (d) iv) Buccal fat is last to disappear 3. A vii. True about Delerium tremens i) caused due to deficiency of thiamine ii) fracture can precipitate delerium tremens 4.(b] iii) diazepam is used for treating agitation iv) individual is criminaly responsible 5. (d) A viii) Causes of Crush syndrme i) Electrocution ii) Seizure episode 6.(2) iii) Muscle injury iv) Spinal-cord injury -(d) Not ix. The following causes both physical and psychological dependence i) Alcohol ii)Morphine 8.(b) iii)LSD iv) Barbiturate 18 x. True for informed consent 9. CC) i) Age of consent in surgery is 18 years ii) Not required for person under arrest as per 53 CrPC lil) Mental capacity is not considered tv) Consent not required for emergency case 10. [C]  case scenario-based questions : A 75 year old lady was brought dead and sent for autopsy. On examination there was a rope seen tied around tlhe upper part of neck with a slip knot on the left sidePetechial hemorhages present in subconjunctival area.Salivary dribbling mark present on right angle of mouth downwards. Postmortem staining was present as glove and stocking pattern and on back of chest;fixed. Greenish discoloration was present on the right iliac fossa. d xi. What would be the most probable cause of death? i. Hanging ii) Ligature strangulation iii) Throtling iv) Choking a xii)which test is used to confirm that the victim had handled the ligature material ? i)Hydrostatic test ii) Cellophane test iiI).Wood's lamp test iv) UV rays test N xii) What does the petechial haemorhage in conjunctiva refers to? i) Ecchymotic spot ii) Tardieu spots iii) Sheehan's hemorrhages iv) Paltauf's haemorhage a iv) What would be the approximate timè since death is more than ----------hours i) 12 ii)16 iii) 18 iv) 24 ⑧ xv. What would be the possible internal neck findings ? i) Pallor in subcutaneous tissue under the ligature mark ii) fracture of racheal rings ii) Bruise on root ofneck iv)contusions on thyroid gland Assertion (A) and Reason (R). ANSWERS Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate options given below. Both A and R are correct and R_ is the Reason for A 1. (IS " Both Aand Rare correct and R is the NOT the Reason for A Ais correct ,But R is incorrect A is incorrect ,But R is correct 2. (111) xvi. A:CO poisoning causes cherry red discolouration of skin. 3. (11] R : CO has higher affinity for Hb than oxygen and leads to the production of CO Hb. 4. (IV) to xvii. A: Organophosphate posoning is treated with atropine and pralidoxime R: Organophosphate inhbits acetylcholinesterase, leading to an accumulation of 5.(1) acetylcholine - xviii. 6. (a) A: The lethal dose of alcohol depends on body weigjht and tolerance R : A lcohol is metabolised by the liver at a constant rate, regardless of the amount 1. (a) of alcohol ingested. 9: A: 8.(C) Naloxone is an effective antidote for heroin overdose R; Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that displaces heroin from opioid receptors. 9. (a) 18 (d) - A: "Actus reus" refers to the mental state of a defendant R: "Mens 'rea" is a legal term meaning "guilty mind' which is important in 10. determining criminal intent  Single response questions[1x5 =5 marks] R 15. lschiopubic Iindex is a) (Length of pubis /lengthof ischium) x 100 b. (Length of ischium / length of pubis) X 100 C. (Breadth of ischium/ Breadth of pubis) X 100 D. Breadth of pubis/ Breadth of pubis) X 100 " 16. On postmortem Examination the method of removal of individual organs one by one is called Letulles Method Virshows method Ghons Method Rokitanskys Method 17. Calibre of a rifled firearm is Maximum distance between two grooves Maximum distance between two lands Minimum distance between two grooves Minimum distance between two lands 18. Fixed and false belief caused by a mental disease, which cannot be changed by any amount of logical argument or evidence to the contrary is called Illusion Delusion (2) Hallunation (d) Delirium t 19. Burtonian lines seen in which metal poisoning ? Mercury ↳ Copper Lead. Antimony V. Multiple response questions B 20. A polygraph (lie detector) is a device which makes a continuous record of several physiological variables such as: a. lood pressure and heart rate b. Electro dermal reaction c. Electroencephalographic response d. Respiratory rhythm Att 21. "Waddell's triad- is a classic pattern.of injury seen in pedestrian children who are struck by motor vehicles. It comprises of: Fractured ftemoral shaft. Ipsilateral head injury. Intra thoracic or Intra abdominal injuries. Contralateral head injury A 22. Features suggestive of antemortem burns are: Soot particles in upper respiratory tract. ! Mucus secretions in air passages Absence of vital reaction. (d) Blisters contains air and thin clear fluid. anin e 23. The characteristic features seen in rifle firearm entry wound at close range ( - S Chemical abortificients mechanical abortifacients dialators oxytocics uterine Foreign bodies Ergot alkaloids (2) PM findings - ·Injuries to uterus 2. signs Septicemia such as purulent infections 3. Retained products of conception mechanical interference 4. Evidence of Cd of qualifications medical practices. in with min. 1 yr training of An RMP obs and gynec by in OBG atteast four or practised in hospital.  Assertion Reason type a. Both A & R are correct; R is the correct explanation of A. b. Both A & R are correct; R is not the correct explanation of A C. A is correct; R is incorrect. d. A is incorrect; R is correct. a [xi A: Aluminium phosphide is considered as an ideal suicidal poison R: It is highly toxic, cheap, easily available, can taken along with food items & has no effective antidots. 2 xii A: Smelter's shake occurs due to chronic inhalation of fluorinated polymers and other compounds, which leads to chills & fever. R: Most common metal indicated in metal fume fever is Zinc. Salt xii A: Dicing injuries are superficial cuts of the skin caused by the fragments of tempered glass. R: Such injuries help to locate the position occupied by the victim in the automobile e xiv A: Widmark's formula is used to estimate blood alcohol concentration. R: Chemical tests for BAC depends on reduction of dichromate / sulphuric acid by alcohol vapour Ele xv A: Schedule H contains various poisons and their regulations and can only be supplied by licensed parties. R: It must display the texts " Rx" and "Scheldule H drug warning " prominently. single response type questions: ↳ i. The chief gas that is formed during decomposition is: (a) Hydrogen sulphide (b) Methane (c) Ammonia (d) Ethane -ii. Preauricular sulcus helps in the detection of: (a) Age (b) Sex (c) Race (d) Height gen fii, Triad of alopecia, neuropathy and diarrhea results from poisoning due to: (a) Thallium (b) Dhatura (c) Opium (d) Mercury 9 iv. Lynching is: (a) Accidental hanging (b) Accidental drowning (c) Homicidal drowning (d) Homicidal hanging zol v. The lowest court that can give death sentence to an accused is: (a) Chief Judicial Magistrate Court(b) Additional Sessions Court (c) High Court (d) Supreme Court case scenario- based questions: A21 year old married woman was found hanging in her bedroom. The knot ofthe ligature material was present on left subaural position. At autopsy, face was cyanosed with protrusion of tongue. Dried salivary dribble marks were seen on the right angle of mouth. There was an oblique ligature mark on the front of neck above level of thyroid cartilage with discontinuity at back of neck. An opinion as to cause of death of antemortem hanging was made t vi, The inquest in this case is done according to _ section (a) 176 BNSS () 196 BNS (c() 196BNSS (d) 176 BNS ⑫ vii. The classification of hanging in this case is: (a) Typical hanging (b) Atypical hanging _(c) Complete hanging (d) Incomplete hanging - vii The factors which influence the appearance of ligature mark inelude all except: suspension (a) Ligature material (b) Period of suspension (c) Slipping of ligature during (d) Age of the person ⑲ ix. All ofthe following are signs ofantemortem hanging () except: Dribbling of saliva Signs of struggle Le facic sympathique Oblique ligature mark ⑲ X. Mechanism of death due to hanging includes @a) Venous congestion (b) Cerebral ischemia (c)Asphyxia (d) Subarachnoid hemorrhage  ANSWERS / 1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (a) q. (d) 10.(b) 11. (a) 12. (b) 13. (d) 14. (2) 15.(2)  Assertion (A) and Reason (R). 9. A: Ecbolics are used as abortifacient drugs R: They increase the menstrual blood flow (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the reason for A (b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A (c) A is correct but R is incorrect (d) A is incorrect but R is correct 2. A: Depressed comminuted are sometimes called signature fracture. R: The shape of the fracture often points towards the shape of the offending weapon: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the reason for A (b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for-A (c) A is correct but R is incorrect (d) A is incorrect but R is correct B 2xii A: The active principle of cerbera odollam is thevetin R: Cerbera odollam is a cardiac poison (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the reason for A (b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A (c) A is correct but R is incorrect (d) A is incorrect but R is correct t xiv. A: Narco-analysis is a scientific procedure to obtain information from an individual in a natural sleep like state R: Thiopentone sodiym is used which is known as "truth serum" (a) Both A and R are true, and IS the reason for A (b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A (c) A is correct but R is incorrect (d) A is incorrect but R is correct 5A: Dermal nitrate test is a test for detection of gunshot residues R: It is an obsolete and non specific test. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the reason for A ANSWERS. (b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A (c) A is correct butR is incorrect (d) A is incorrect but R is correct 1. (b) multiple response type questions. & kvi. Which of the following statement/s is /are true about pathological autopsy? 2. (b) i. it is done in natural deaths ii. Body handed over to relatives 3. (a) iii. Done to determine the time since death iV. Consent from next of kin is required @)iii,ii 4.(a) (b)i,iii, iv b. 1, 11, IV - (c)i, i, iv (d)ii iii 5. (a) ⑱ xvii. Which of the following Statement/S 1S are true about Joule burn? i. Specific and diagnostic of electric bums ii. Commonly found On exposed parts ofthe body 6.(b) iil Microscopically, epidermis shows Swiss cheese appearance iv. Also called exogenous burns ()i,ii, iii A 7. (c) (b) iii, iv (e) S i, ii, iv (d)ii,iii 8. (1) s rvill. Which of the followings statement/s is are true about pregnancy? i. Quickening IS a positive sign of pregnancy ii. Fetal heart sound may not be audible in obese mothers iii. Deuel's halo sign is a radiological sign of fetal death iv. Helix sign is the presence of gas in the heart and great vessels -(a) i, ii, iii (b) i, iii, iv (c) i, ii, iv (d ii, iii  a xix. True about erectile dysfunction is/are i. Maldevelopment of penis is a cause ii. Chronic alcoholism does not affect this iii. The civil court may call upon a doctor to determine this in suits of rape iv. Temporary erectile dysfunction may result from fear (a)i,ii (b) i, ii, iv (c)i,iv (d)i, iii 2 Which of the following statement/s is /are true about chronic starvation? i. Complete atrophy of thymus is pathognomonic ii, Brain does not show severe atrophy ii. Skin is pale iv. The small intestinal wall appear shrunken with greenish discoloured mucosa a)i,ii ii b)i, iii, iv c)i,i iv d)i,ii case scenario-based questions. A dead body recovered from water showed soddening and wrinkling of skin of palms and soles. Lungs were voluminous,crepitant and edematous, fine sand particles in the distal air passages. 3:The postmortem appearance of lungs in a typical case of drowning is known as: a) Edema aquosum b) Emphysema aqeousum c) Hydrostatic lung d) Wet lungs ·ban o i) Diatoms are i) Fungi j) Protozoa k) Algae 1) Bacteria ii) Pick out the incorrect statement with regard to washerwomen's hand from the following ANSWERS i) Washerwomen's hand is a confirmatory sign of drowning j) It is due to imbibition of water into the skin 1.CC) k) Sign of submersion in water 1) Can be seen in postmortem drowning 2. (b) iv) Presence of water in sphenoid air sinus in drowning i) Tardieu sign 3. (b) Sehrts sign Sveshnikovsign 4. (C) I Cullens sign 5. (a) v) Gettler's test determines variation in the following electrolytes a) Sodium b) Strontium 6. (b) c) Magnesium d) Chloride 7. (d) Assertion (A) and Reason 8: (a) (a). Both A and R are true. R is the correct explanation of A (b). Both A and R are true. R is not the correct explanation of A 9. (C) (c). Ais true but R is false (d). A is false but R is true ⑳ vi. A: Gastrie lavage is not indicated in kerosene poisoning R: It can lead to aspiration ⑳ vii. A: Vaginal swabs and smears are not collected after 7 days R: It is unnecessarily traumatizing the victim ⑲ vii A: Consent is always required for medicolegal examination of accused in sexual crimes R: Law permits such examination even without consent den ix.A: Interrogation in head injury patients is not advisable R: Head injury can lead to brain edema S x.Marbling is a decomposition change R:lt is due to formation of reduced hemoglobin multiple response type questions ⑰ xi. Which of the following clauses fall under grievous hurt 1.Fracture or dislocation of a bone or tooth 2. Permanent privation of hearing of both ears 3. Emasculation 4. Disfiguration of head or face a)1 and 3 are correct b) 1, 2 and 3 are correct c) 1,2 and 4 are correct d) 2 and 4 are correct R xii. In Gustafsons method 1.Transparency is the most reliable criteria 2.Ideal tooth is first premolar 3. Paradentosis can only be determined before extracting the teeth 4.Used for age determination a)1 and 2 are correct b) 1,2and 3 are correct c) 1,2 and 4 are correct d) 1,3,and 4 are correct te xiii. Which of the following statements about joule burns are correct 1.Joule burn is an endogenous burn 2.It is seen at the exit of the current 3. Palisading effect is a microscopic finding 4. Also known as filigree burns a) 1 and 3 are correct b) 2,3 and 4 are correct c)1,2 and 4 are correct d) 2 and 3 are correct ANSWERS true. 1. A is R false 2. Both are true and R explains A are tune and R A explains 3. Both 4.(b) is. (C) 6.(b) I- Cerbera Odollam poisoning 1.Neurotoxic poison 2.Produce cardiac arrhythmia 3.Has got digoxin like effect 4.Amyl nitrate is the antidote a)1, 2 and 3 are correct b) 2 and 3 are correct c) 3 and 4 are correct d) 2, 3 and 4 are correct 2. xv.The following statements regarding delusion are correct AM 1. It is a false sense of perception without any stimulus 2. It is a false sense of perception with stimulus 3.Disorder of thought 4.Person having delusion is not criminally responsible a) 1,2 and 3 are correct b)1 and 3 are correct c)2, 3 and 4 are correct d) 3 and 4 are correct single response type questions. xvi. 3.All Whiplash injury is due to a)Injury to Aorta Abdominal trauma Fracture dislocation of the spine d)Multiple rib fracture 4 delle xvii. Homicidal hanging is called as a)Garotting Mugging Lynching Bansdola ↳ Allte xviii. Spermatozoa is detected by.a)Benzidine test "b) Hemin crystal test Takayama test d)Barberio's test ↳ xix. Last organ to putrefy is: Kidney Uterus Brain Spleen 7. Oth xx. In starvation death, atrophy is seen in all except: Heart Kidney Liver Brain ANSWERS 1. (b) 2. (d) 3. (C) 4.(2) 5. (d) 6. (b) 7. (d) ⑱ 23. Florence test ls used to test. Fecal-Stain Vaginal Fluid Blood stains Seminal stains All 24. An irresistible desire to do something without any provocation is called A) Impulse B) Circumstantiality c) Abreaction D) Delirlum MCQ (MULTIPILE RESPONSE TYPElL25 -29] 3 25. Which ofthe following statements about DNA profiling are true, select all that apply? It ls reliable method for establishing identity It can only be performed on fresh samples It can be used in paternity testing It requires a large amount of biological material A) i iv B) I, ii, iv C) i, iii,↳iv D) i, iii i 26. Which of the following statements about informed consent are true? Patient Must be provided with all relevant information Patient have the right to withdraw consent at anytime ANSWERS Can treat without informed consent in emergency situation Informed consent can be obtained forcefully A) i, ii 1. (d) B) ii, iii C) i, ii, iii 2. (a) D) iv only Bl 27. Perjury is: 3. (C) Intentionally giving false evidence by witness while under oath. Section 191 IPC 4. (2) Failure to tell what he knows or believes. Speaking just opposite to what he stated earlier A) i,ii,iii,iv =(b) B) i, iiiA C) ii,iii D) i,ii,iii 6. (a) 68 28. Which ofthe following statements are true about postmortem hypostasis Seen on dependent portions only 7.(b) Changes position when it ls not fixed There wll be collection ofblood Margins merge with surrounding area A)I,ii,iii B) iii,iv C)ii,iii,iv D)i,ii 29, Which of the following statements are true regarding Barr body? 1 Seen In polymorphs Drum stick structure Plano Convex mass beneath nuclear membrane It’s inactivated X Chromosome A) iii,iv B) i,ii C) ii,iii D)i,ii,iii  ASSERTION () AND REASON (R) Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate options given below: A) Boch A and R aretrue and R is the correct explanation ofA B) Boch A and R are true But R is not the correct explanation ofA C)A is true but Ris false D)Ais false but Ris true Calli 30.A-Close range gunshot wound shows tattooing around the entry site. R-Tattooing occurs due to unburnt gun powder particles embedding in to the skin at close range. g 31.A- Methanol poisoning çan cause blindne'ss R-Methanol is metabolized in liver to formaldehyde and formic acid which are toxic to optic nerve Bit 32.A -Ectopic contusions are commonly seen at sites distant from the point of impact R-Ectopie contusions are due to bleeding disorders a 33.A- Whiplash injury commonly results in neck pain and stiffness R- Whiplash injury is caused by the sudden hyperextension and hyper flexion of neck, leading to strain/ damage of neck muscles and ligament. 34.A - Cafê coranary is a condition that occurs when a person chokes on food, leading to sudden collapse R-Cafe coronary is primarily caused by an allergic reaction to food which triggers alrway obstruction. MŰLTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS -1. Inquiry by magistrate in to cause of death is conducted as under Sec. 176 BNSS Sec. 194 BNS Sec. 196 BNS Sec 106 BNSS FY 2. Which of the following refers o the ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects? A. Declaration of Oslo B) Declaration of Helsinki C. Declaration of`Tokyo D. Declaration of Sydney Se 3. The evisceration technique in which organs are removed en masse: A. Lettules method B. Virchow's method C. Rokitansky's method D. Ghon's method 9 4. Regular rhythmic contractions of uterus which can be elicited in 4-8 weeks of pregnancy is called Osiander Goodell Palmar Braxton-Hicks 10 5. Lust murder is an extreme form of A. Troilism B. Masochism C. Sadısm D. Frotteurism case scenario based questions. Body of a male aged 35 years was found hanging from the bark of a tree using coir rope. On examination, there was drooling of saliva from the right angle of mouth. An incomplete, oblique ligature mark was present around the neck. Postmortem staining, present over extremities of both upper and lower limbs and back of the trunk, was fixed. Rigor mortis was fully established and retained all over the body. Fi 6. From the above given scenario, the probable time since death is A. 4-6 hours B. 18-24 hours C. 12-18 hours D. 24-36 hours 12 The probable position of knot is over the Right angle of jaw Under chin Left angle of jaw Nape of neck  ANSWERS 1. (a) 2. Cal 3. (C) 4. (A) 5.(2) 6. (A) 7. (B) 8. (D) 9.(D> 10. (C) 11. (C) 12. (A) li 8. All of the following are antemortem features of hanging EXCEPT Oblique ligature mark La facie sympathique Salivary trickle mark Vital reaction E 9. Haemorrhage on the ventral surface of intervertebral discs of lumbar vertebrae seen in complete hanging is called Amussat's sign Paltauf's hemorrhage Prinsloo Gordon hemorrhage Simons haemorrhage Still 10.All of the following are early postmortem changes EXCEPT Livor mortis Tache noire Rigor mortis Atria mortis Assertion (A) and Reason (R) Answer these questions by selecting appropriate options given below. 11. (A): A zone of negative vital reaction is seen around antemortem wound. 4 (R): The central zone close to edge of antemortem wound becomes necrotic and has decreased enzyme activity. Both A and R are true and R is the reason of A Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A A is correct but R is incorrect A is incorrect but R is correct Both A and R are incorrect Ele 12. (A): Husband can sue the doctor if AID (Artificial Insemination Donor) is done without the consent of husband. (R): In case of AID, consent of donor's wife is mandatory, whereas consent of husband isnot essential. Both A and R are true and R is the reason of A Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A A is correct but R is incorrect A is incorrect but R is correct Both A and R are incorrect 13. (A): The results of narcoanalysis can be admitted as evidence even if done without the consent, in certain cases. li (R): Consent of the person is not required when the test is performed on a person under arrest. Both A and R are true and R is the reason of A Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A is correct but R is incorrect A is incorrect but R is correct Both A and R are incorrect Be 14. (A): Poisoning by corrosives except carbolic acid is a relative contraindication for gastric lavage. (R): Gastric lavage can cause further injury to esophageal mucosa and perforation in cases of poisoning by corrosives. Both A and R are true and R is the reason of A Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A A is correct but R is incorrect A is incorrect but R is correct Both A and R are incorrect abi 15. (A): Due to its high affinity, carbon monoxide combines reversibly with hemoglobin producing tissue hypoxia. (R): Oxygen carrying capacity of blood is reduced by formation of carboxyhemoglobin. Both A and R are true and R is the reason of A Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A A is correct but R is incorrect A is incorrect but R is correct Both A and R are incorrect  ANSWERS 1.(B) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5.[C) 6(E) 7 (A) 8 (A) multiple response type questions e 16. Which of the following methods are used to estimate age from teeth? A. Gustafson B. Todd C. Boyde D.Suchey-Brooks ⑳ 17. All the following induce abortion by increasing uterine contractions EXCEPT A. Ergot alkaloids B. Magnesium sulphate C. Synthetic estrogens D. Lead oxide ⑲ 18. Which of the following injuries can be produced by a single edged knife? Chop wound Incised wound Stab wound Abrasion ⑱ 19. Under microscope, dark brown rhombic crystals can be seen in Barberio's test Teichmann test Takayama test Florence test ⑮ 20. Which of the following xenobiotics causes blue line on the gums? Lead Mercury Copper Iron Multiple Choice Questions i. Ideal place to record body temperature dead bodies is a ii.A20 year old boy is sexually active with his 18 year old own sister while parents are away, the sexual intercourse with closely related individual by blood is known as iii. Rule of Hasse used for determining the⸺of foetus. iv. Magnan's syndrome is seen in poisoning of v. Examining the patient without consent amounts to case scenario based questions A farmer while working on his field felt something bite on his right leg, after which he saw some snake crawl away. After few minutes, he noticed bleeding from the bite site along with pain. He was rushed to the casualty and treatment was initiated ⑱ vi. Which among the following snake could be the causative agent? (a) Common Cobra (b) Common Krait (c) Russell's viper (d) Python ⑳ vii. True of venomous snakes are all, except: (a) Fangs present (b) Belly scales are small (c) Small head scales (d) grooved teeth ⑬ viii Muscle paralysis is caused by bite of: (a) sea snake (b) Krait (c) Mamba (d) Python ⑯ ix.In a snake envenomation, antivenom is started by giving a dose of: (a)2 vials (b) 4 vials (e 10 vials (d)20 vials (d) Grooved teeth D x.Drug used for muscarinic symptoms seen in cobra envenomation: (a) Neostigmine (b) Pralidoxime (c) Prazocin (d) Naloxone  ANSWERS 1. A, C, D 2. B 3. B 4. (B) 5. A 6. Retur 7. Incest 8. Age of fetus 9. Cocaine 10. Assault 11. (C) 12. (b) 13. (b) 14. (C) 15. (9)  Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Get xi.Assertion: Forensic entomology can assist in estimating the time of death. Reason: The life cycle of insects that colonize a body can provide clues about the postmortem interval based on environmental factors < Both assertion and reason correct and reasoning is the correct explanation for assertion b) Both assertion and reason correct but reasoning is not the correct explanation for assertion c) Assertion is true, but reason is false d) Assertion is false, but reason is true e xii Assertion: A body can show signs of livor mortis within 30 minutes after death. Reason: Livor mortis follows Nysten's law, a) Both assertion and reason correct and reasoning is the correct explanation for assertion b)/Both assertion assertion and reason correct but reasoning is not the correct explanation for assertion Assertion is true, but reason is false d) Assertion is false, but reason is true ⑲ xiii. Assertion: The presence of blue discoloration on the skin can indicate cyanide poisoning. Reason: Heavy metals accumulate in body tissues and can be analyzed using specialized techniques like atomie absorption spectroscopy Both assertion and reason correct and reasoning is the correct explanation for assertion Both assertion and reason correct but reasoning is not the correct explanation for assertion Assertion is true, but reason is false Assertion is false, but reason is true ⑭ xiv. Assertion: Postmortem interval can never be estimated by measuring body temperature. Reason: The body cools at a predictable rate after death, allowing for time estimation based on environmental conditions. a) Both assertion and reason correct and reasoning is the correct explanation for assertion b) Both assertion and reason correct but reasoning is not the correct explanation for assertion c) Assertion is true, but reason is false d Assertion is false, but reason is true e xv. Assertion: Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) can be accurately measured using breathalyzer tests. Reason: Breathalyzers estimate BAC by measuring the amount of alcohol in exhaled reath, which correlates with blood levels. a) Both assertion and reason correct and reasoning is the correct explanation for assertion b) Both assertion and reason correct but reasoning is not the correct explanation_for assertion Assertion is true, but reason is false d) Assertion is false, but reason is true multiple response type questions a xvi. Gun powder on body and clothing can be visualized by: t) Harrison and Gilroy test (b) Luminol test 3 Dermal nitrate test (at) Pyrogallol test E xvii. Which among the following are CNS stimulants? 3 Amphetamine (b) Opiods 3 Methylphenidate (d)e Croton - xviii.Contributory negligence is by: Doctor (b) Attendant fe) Patient ( Nurse S xix. Euthanasia (active and passive) is legalised in: (a) Netherlands (b) India () Belgium (QLuxembourg - xx. As per registration of Births and Deaths Act 1969, deaths need to be certified using: (a) Form 4 (b) Form 4A (c) Form 4B (d) Form 4C  ANSWERS 1. Cal 2. (b) 3. (C) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (a), (b), 2C3 7. (a), (C) 8.(a)(b) (c) (d) 9.(a)(2) (d) 10. (a) (b) Single.response type MCQs: 1. Presence of DNA of accused in the vaginal swab collected from a rape survivor is an example of: a) Galton's exchange b) Locard'sprinciple c) Puppe's rule d)Bertlion's principle 2.Type of torture where the head ls covered and tied using a plastic bag is: a)falanga c) Parrot's perch b)Dry Submarine d)ElPlankton 3.Harrison and Gilroy test is assoclated with: b)Thermal injury e) firearm a)Hanging d)Electric d'Electricburn 4,Paltauff's haemorrhage is seen in: a)Burking b) Drowning c) Smothering d) Hanging 5.True regarding adipocere are all except: al Commonin dry and cold cilimate. b) Also known as 'saponification'. ANSWERS d) Occurs due to hydrolysis.and hydrogenationofbodyfat. d) Has a rancid smell. Multiple response type MCQs: :(b) 6. Regarding incised wound: i. Edges are clean cut i. Tissue bridging present' 2.(b) il. Length Is shorter than depth i. Bevelling can be seer 7. Regarding dentition: 3(C) l. Mixed dentition is seen between 6 years and 11 years. I. Transparency of root.is the most rellable criteria in Gustafsons method il. first permanent tooth to erupt is central incisor. iv. Chally white teeth is seen in nitric acid poisoning.+ 4(b) 8. The Cyanide antidote kit: contains: I Sodium nitrate l. Sodium nitrite 5. (a) ill.Sadium sulphate.Sodilum thlasulphate 9. Tests foridentification of blood in a suspected stain include- 6. (1) (111) 1 Hemin crystal test il. Barberio's test 7. (1) (11) (IV) lil. Kastle Meyertest ₩. Benzidine test 10. regarding putrefaction: Honey comb appearance of liver can be seen. In males prostate is the last organ to putrefy. ill. In females gravid uterusis the last organ to putrefy. v. A bady buried in solil decomposes faster as compared to one submerged in water. 8. (11) (IV) 9. (1) (11) (III) (IV) 10.(1) (111) Assertion and Reason type MCQs: 11. A: Fissured fracture in the outer table of cranial vault amounts to grievous hurt. R: Whoever causes bodily pain, disease or infirmity is said to cause hurt a) Both A and R are true, and Ris the reason for A b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A. c)Ais correct and R is incorrect. d) A is incorrect and R is correct. 12. A: Vicarious liability is also known as the Doctrine of Respondent Superior R: The entire liability of the negligent act lies on the superior a) Both A and R are true, and R Is the reason for A. b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A c)A is correct and R is incorrect. d) A is incorrect and R is correct. 13. A: Bulimia nervosa can lead to starvation R: Starvation not only includes withholding of food but also intake of unbalanced food a) Both A and R are true, and R is the reason for A. D Both A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A. e) Als correct and R is incorrect d) A ls incorrect and Ris correct. 14 A Warning Notice is put up by the National Medical Commission. R Deciplinary actlons against an RMP for infamous conductis taken by.the State medical Council Both A and Rare true, and Rtis the reason forA. b) Both Aand Raretrue, and R Is not the reason for A. c) Als correct and Ris incorrect. d)Ais incorrect and R is correct. 15, A: Basophille-stippling is seen in lead poisoning. R: Basophili-stippling s due to the accumulation of degradation products of RNA in the WBCs a) Both A and R are true, and R is the reason for A. b) Bath A and R are true, and R is not the reason for A. c) Ais correctandR is incorrect. d) A Is incorrect and R is correct. Scenario based type MCQS: Three people were brought to the Emergency Department of your hospital with alleged history of a car hiting a pedestrian followed by head- on collision with a scooter. The scooter rider was brought dead. The pedestrian and the car driver were admitted with multiple injuries. 16. regarding the pedestrian, select the wrong statement: a) Primary impact injuries are due to the first impact of the vehicle with the pedestrian. b) Secondary injuries are also known as tertiary impact injuries c) Secondary impact injuries are due to the pedestrian falling on to the ground. d] Secondary injuries.can result from run over by another vehicle. 17. Regarding bumper fracture, all the following statements are correct except: a) Usually involves the leg bones. b) Shape ofthe injury varies depending on whether the leg was planted or raised. c) Shape of the injury can be wedge-shaped or spiral shaped. d) The apex of the wedge is formed at the area of impact. 18. The triad comprising of femoral shaft fracture, chest/abdominal injuries and head injuries In a child pedestrian is known as a) Marshall's triad b) Waddell's triad c)Virchowstriad d) Bichat's triad 19. The incorrect statement concerning injuries found in the car occupantis: a) Whiplash injury is seen only on the driver of the vehicle. b) Transverse intimal tears (Ladder rung tears) can be seen in the descending thoracic aorta, c) Transection of aorta is the commonest at just below the arch of aorta d ) Tears in the intestinal mesentery can result if the occupant had worn seatbelt  ANSWERS 11. (b) 12. (C) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (d) 18. (b) 19- Cal MCOS-CASE SCENARIO BASED 15. When a doctor is summoned to a sessions court as a Defence Witness, who is responsible for conducting the Examination-in-chief? A Public Prosecutor B. Assistant Public Prosecutor C. Medical Examiner D. Defence lawyer E.Judge 16. In the case of a 92-year-old male who died in the hospital after one month of treatment following a road traffic accident, with a CT scan showing brain laceration, which statement is true regarding the need for a medicolegal autopsy? A. Consent of the Next of kin is needed for Medicolegal autopsy B, Consent of the treating Doctor is needed for Medicolegal autopsy C. No need for Consent from relative for Medicolegal autopsy D. Head alone need to be examined during autopsy E. Only a Pathological Autopsy is needed 17. A 22 year old football player accidentally hit his head forcibly on the pillar of the goal post, subsequently falling unconscious, regaining normalcy, but dying after a few hours, what is this period of normalcy known as? A. Cerebral Concussion B. Physiological gap c. Lucid Interval D. Punch Drunkenness E. Post traumatic amnesia 18. A 59 year old chronic alcoholic male who Was taken into police custody two days prior and is nowexhibiting violent and delirious behaviour with suicidal and homicidal attempts, along with tremors, which condition is most likely responsible? A. Marchiafava Bignami syndrome B. Mallory-Weiss syndrome C. Wernicke's encephalopathy D. Delirium tremens E.Korsakoff's psychosis 19. lf a school bus driver suffering from severe glaucoma, resulting in a significant reduction of visual field and visual acuity, continues his job despite the doctor's warning, which principle allows the doctor to inform the school authorities about this situation? A. Vicarious liability B.,Corporate liability C. Emergency Doctrine D. Therapeutic privilege E Privileged communication MCQs-SINGLE RESPONSE TYPE 20. Casper's dictum is related to which aspect of forensic medicine? A. Rate of cooling in temperate climate B. Formula for calculating Time since Death C. Mode of progression of Rigor mortis B, Ratio of decomposition in different environments E. Pattern of distribution of Postmortem staining 21. Which test is used for detecting Seminal stains? A. Benzidine test B. Barberio test C. Takayamma test D. Locard's test E.Gettler's test 22. What is the specific antidote for Organophosphate poisoning? A.Physostigmine B. Acetyl cysteine E. Oximes D. Amyl nitrite E. Naloxone 23. Which paraphilia involves deriving sexual gratification by wearing the dress of opposite sex? A.Voyeurism B. Fetishism C. Uranism B. Transvestism E.Frotteurism 24. What is perjury? A. Giving false evidence in a court of law B. Makinga statement during an inquest C. Dying declaration in the presence of a defence lawyer D. Praxy consent for surgery E. The ability to make a valid will  ANSWERS 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. D 19. E 20.D 21. B 22. C 23. D 24-A MCQ- MULTIPLE RESPONSE TYPE (25-29) Read the statements and mark the answer appropriately 25. Which of the following statements are True about Dying Declaration i. Next of kin should give consent. ii. ldeally it should be recorded by the Magistrate ili. Doctor should certify Compos mentis i. Accused should be present A.i,i,ii B.Lil,v C.i,ii,iv D.ii,ilil D. 11, 111 - 26. Which of the statements are True? i. Acid causes liquefaction necrosis i. Rain drop type of pigmentation is seen in chronic arsenic poisoning il Chalky white deposits are seen in sulphuric acid poisoning iv. Gastric Lavage can be done in Carbolic Acid poisoning Ai,ii,ii B.li ciiii -> c. 11, 112 D.il,i 27. POCSO Act 2012 i. Mandates reporting of cases to police by doctors ii. Is for protecting all genders ANSWERS 25.(D) 26.(C) 97.(1) (II) Comm med 1 DM Wayanad Institute of Medical Science 1. As a newly appointed medical officer in a primary health center, you observe that a large proportion of workers employed in a local textile industry frequently report to your health facility with complaints of skin problems such as rashes, dermatitis, and itching. You suspect that exposure to chemical dyes may be contributing to their skin problems. a) What study design would you choose, give reasons Case Control b) Outline the steps of the study. c) Discuss bias and confounding factors. d) Write briefly about the data analysis plan for this study? (2+4+2+2) Multiple Choice Questions Single response type: Marks (20 x 1 = 20) 15. Which of the following Hill's criteria for causation emphasizes that a stronger association more likely to be causal? a) Consistency. b) Strength of association. c) Temporality. d) Biological plausibility Ans. b) 16. Which of the following sampling methods ensures that every individual has an equal chance of being selected? a) Stratified sampling. b) Cluster sampling. c) Systematic sampling. d) Simple random sampling Ans. d) 17. Which of the following is a genetic disorder caused by trisomy 21? a) Turner syndrome. b) Klinefelter syndrome. c) Down syndrome. d) Cystic fibrosis Ans. c) 18. Which of the following is age independent indicator of malnutrition a) Underweight b) Stunting c) Wasting d) Mid Arm Circumference Ans. d) 19. Which of the following terms is used to describe the preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitative services for the protection of society from antisocial, criminal or deviant conduct of man? a) Social defence. b) Social medicine. c) Social democracy. d) Social dynamics Ans. a) Multiple response type 20. Key components of integrated vector control are: a) Biological control b) Use of insecticides c) Source reduction. d) Exclusive use of repellents Ans. a) b) c) 21. Which of the following are characteristics of a point source epidemic? a) All cases occur within one incubation period. a) Epidemic curve shows a gradual rise and fall of cases c) The source of infection is continuous over time. d) Cases peak quickly and decline rapidly Ans. a) d) 22. Which of the following conditions commonly require genetic counselling? a) Down syndrome. b) Diabetes mellitus type 2. c) Hemophilia. d) Cystic fibrosis Ans. a) c) d) 23. Which of the following foods are rich sources of iron? a) Spinach. b) Milk. c) Red meat. d) Legumes Ans. a) c) d) 24. Which of the following is true about attitude in human behaviour a) It is acquired from social interactions b) It include an affective or feeling element c) It predisposes one to respond in a preferential manner d) it is a temporary and fleeting aspect of human behaviour Ans. a) b) c) Assertion reason type; 25. Assertion (A): Screening for cervical cancer reduces mortality. Reason (R): Screening helps in early detection and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions. a) Both A and R are true, and R explains A. b) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A. c) A is true, but R is false. d) A is false, but R is true. Ans. a) 26. Assertion (A): Cohort studies often bear delayed results Reason (R): Long follow up period is needed a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true Ans. a) 27. Assertion (A): Propaganda makes people think for themselves Reason (R): Knowledge and skills are actively obtained through propaganda a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true e) Both A and R are false Ans. e) 28. Assertion (A): Intrauterine period of life is a very important period from nutritional standpoint Reason (R): In intrauterine period there is increased demand of nutrients a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) Both A and R are true and R is not correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true Ans. a) 29. Assertion (A): acculturation is culture contact Reason (R): it is contact between two people with different type of culture with diffusion of culture in one way a) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct b) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)is not the correct explanation of (A). d) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct Ans. d) Clinical scenario based MCQ. Scenario: A pharmaceutical company has developed a new oral medication to reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients. They approach a Medical College hospital to conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test the new drug. 30. What is the main purpose of conducting a randomized controlled trial? a) To identify rare diseases in a population b) To test the effectiveness and safety of a new treatment compared to a standard or placebo c) To monitor patient compliance with medication d) To study disease trends in the population. Ans. b) 31. Why is randomization important in an RCT? a) To ensure participants are treated equally during the trial b) To prevent ethical issues related to treatment allocation c) To minimize selection bias and evenly distribute confounding variables d) To identify the most compliant participants Ans. c) 32. What is the primary role of a control group in an RCT? a) To reduce the cost of the study b) To act as a baseline for comparing the effects of the new treatment c) To improve recruitment of participants d) To test the safety of the control medication Ans. b) 33. What does "blinding" mean in the context of an RCT? a) Ensuring all participants receive the same dose of medication b) Preventing researchers and/or participants from knowing which treatment group they belong to c) Randomly allocating participants to treatment groups d) Conducting the study in a blinded population Ans. b) 34. What would be an appropriate primary outcome for this trial? a) Patient satisfaction with the medication b) Reduction in hospital admissions due to cardiovascular diseases c) Reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after a specified duration d) Improvement in medication adherence Ans. c) Calicut medical college 1. In the primary health centre where you serve as the medical officer, there has been an increase in the number of low birth weight babies being born. You want to find out without delay whether maternal anemia could be a potential risk factor. Answer the following questions: a. What type of study design can you plan? b. What are the steps involved in conducting such a study? c, How can you minimize bias in the study? 4. How will you determine the association? (2+4+2+2) Malabar medical college 1. Multiple Choice Questions (1x20=20) Question numbers (i-v) are single response type questions. (i) Out of the following, which is a measure of dispersion: a) Mean b) Median c) Standard deviation d) Mode Ans (c) (ii) Principles of health education include all except: a) Credibility b) Motivation c) Participation d) Plausibility Ans (d) (iii) Recommended periodical examination in occupational exposure to Lead is: a) Once in 2 weeks b) Monthly c) Every six months d) Yearly Ans b) (iv) Changing concept in health education include a) Community participation to Community involvement b) Community involvement to Community Participation. c) Promotion of health food habits to prevention of disease d) Promotion of physical activity to prevention of disease Ans (a) (v) What is true about Prospective screening? a) Presumptive identification of unrecognized disease b) People are examined for the benefit of others c) Does not arise from a patient's request d) Done in chronic diseases whose natural history is not fully known Ans b) Question numbers (vi-x) are case scenario-based questions. Q) As a medical officer of PHC, you noticed that number of cases of vector borne diseases is increasing in your area. You are planning to do a vector survey in the area. Answer the following questions. (vi) Which of the following disease is transmitted by Culex mosquito? a) Dengue b) Japanese encephalitis c) Zika d) Chikungunya Ans (a) (vii) Which of the following is true regarding Anopheles mosquito? a) Eggs laid in clusters b) Larva has no siphon tube c) Pupa has long and narrow siphon tube d) Adult mosquito, when at rest, body exhibits a hunchback Ans (b) (viii) Type of mosquito breeds in water containing certain type of aquatic vegetation a) Anopheles b) Culex c) Aedes d) Mansonia Ans (d) (ix) Which of the following is an anti-larval mosquito controlmeasure? a) Use of residual sprays b) Use of mosquito repellents c) Use of Mineral oil d) Screening Ans c) (x) Normal Flight range of Aedes mosquito a) Less than 10m b) Less than 100m c) More than 1000m d) Less than 1500m Ans (b) Question numbers (xi-xv) consists of two statements - Assertion (A) and reason (R). Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate options given below. (xi). A: Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting in a deficiency of the liver enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. R: Characterised by build-up of phenyl acetic acid in the urine. a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A and R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is correct but R is incorrect d) A is incorrect, but R is correct Ans c) (xii). A: Sociology deals with the study of human relationships and of human behaviour R: Sociology studies psychology of individuals living in human society or groups a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A and R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is correct but R is incorrect d) A is incorrect, but R is correct Ans c) (xiii) A. Steeping method is used to remove the toxins by soaking the pulse, Lathyrussativus in hot water. R: The toxins are water soluble. a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A and R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is correct but R is incorrect d) A is incorrect, but R is correct Ans a) (iv). A: Compressed air can be used as part of the backwashing processes in rapid sand filters. R: Backwashing dislodges the impurities and cleans up the sand bed. a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A and R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is correct but R is incorrect d) A is incorrect, but R is correct Ans a) (xv). A: DDT is recommended for larviciding operations. R: DDT has long residual effect. a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A and R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is correct but R is incorrect d) A is incorrect, but R is correct And d) Question numbers (xvi-xx) are multiple response type questions. Read the statements & mark the answers appropriately. (xvi) Which of the following is true about Silicosis i. Caused by inhalation of dust containing free silica or silicon dioxide ii. It is also called coal miner's pneumoconiosis iii. Xray chest shows "snow storm appearance" iv. Xray chest shows ground glass appearance in lower two- thirds of lung fields a) i, ii, iii b) i,ii,iii,iv c) ii, iv d) i, iii Ans (d) (xvii) Vaccines that follow open vial policy are i. OPV ii. MR vaccine iii. DPT iv. BCG a) iii only b) i,ii, iv c) i, ii, iii d) i, iii Ans (d) (xviii) The correct nutritional recommendation for a pregnant woman in her third trimester i. Daily extra 17 g protein ii. Daily extra 22 g protein iii. Daily extra 520 Kcal iv. Daily extra 350 Kcal a) i, iii b) i,iv c) ii, iii d) ii, iv Ans (d) (xix) Components of Human Development Index are I. Life expectancy at birth ii. Life expectancy at age 1 iii. GNI per capita iv. Mean years of schooling a) i, iii b) i, iii, iv c) ii, iii, iv d) iii only Ans (b) (xx) Select heat stress indices from the following: i. Equatorial comfort index ii. Predicted four hour sweat rate iii. Effective temperature iv. Corrected effective temperature a) i, ii, iiii, iv b) i, ii, iii c) i, ii d) ii only Ans (a) Short Essay 3) Describe the basic steps in randomised controlled trial. ( 6 marks) Short Answer 4) Difference between case and cohort. 5) importance of sampling in research methodology. Describe the types of sampling. Jubilee mission medical college 1. Multiple Choice Questions Questions (I-V) are single response type questions 1. The term DALY stands for a) Disease avoidance life year b) Death adjusted life year c) Disability adjusted life year d) Disability adherence life year Answer c) 1.Which of the following is characteristics of a cross-sectional study? a) Measures incidence rate b) Follows subject over a period of time c)Studies population at single time point d) Conducted only in hospitals Answer c) 2.In the demographic transition model, the phase characterised by high birth rates and high death rates is a) Phase 1 c) Phase 3 b) Phase 2 d) Phase 4 Answer (a) IV. Herd immunity is best described as a) Immunity achieved through individual vaccination b) Protection of a group with no immunity c) Protection due to high immunity in the population d) Immunity achieved through genetic factors Answer c) V. Which type of biomedical waste is NOT treated by incineration? a) Cytotoxic drugs b) Radioactive waste c) Anatomical waste d) Microbiological waste Answer (a) Question (VI-X) are case Scenario based questions A3-year-old child is brought to the OPD with complaints of poor growth, fatigue and recurrent infections, O/E child has sparse hair, scaling skin and B/L pitting pedal oedema. VI. What is the most likely diagnosis of the child? a) Marasmus b) Rickets c) Kwashiorkor d) Beri-Beri Answer c) VII. Which of the following clinical signs is specifically associated with the diagnosed condition? a) Severe muscle wasting without oedema b) Delayed wound healing c) B/L pitting oedema with distended abdomen d) Hyperpigmentation of skin Answer c) VIII. Which of the following is the best dietary intervention for this child?? a) High protein high calorie food b) Low fat and low calorie c)Increased daily iron and calcium intake d) High fibre and high calorie Answer (a) IX. Which of this micronutrient deficiency is commonly associated with malnutrition? a) Vitamin D & vitamin E c)Iron, zinc and vitamin B complex b) lodine & potassium d) Magnesium and vitamin C Answer c) X. Which of the following markers is typically elevated in case of PEM due to muscle catabolism? a) Albumin b) Cholesterol c) Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) d) Blood glucose Answer c) Question numbers (XI-XV) consist of two statements - Assertion (A) and Reason (R) Answer these questions by selecting the appropriate options given below XI. (A)- Cross sectional studies are useful for measuring the prevalence of disease in a population (R)-Cross sectional studies collect data at a single point in time, providing a snap shot of the health status of the population a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A & R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true Answer (a) XII. (A)- The odds ratio is used to measure the association between exposure and outcome in case-control studies. (R)-Case-control studies measure the incidence of a disease in exposed and unexposed groups. a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A & R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true Answer c) XIII. (A)- Silicosis is a preventable occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of silica dust. (R)- Wet drilling, ventilation, and personal protective equipment are effective measures to reduce workers' exposure to silica dust. a)Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A B) Both A & R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true Answer. a) XIV. (A)- Infant mortality rate (ilVMIR) is a sensitive indicator of the health status of a community. (R)- Infant mortality rate reflects the socio-economic and environmental conditions affecting the health of mothers and infants. a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true b) Both A & R are true and R is not the reason for A Answer (a) XV. (A)- The Culex mosquito is an important vector of the West Nile Virus and lymphatic filariasis. (R)-Culex mosquitoes prefer to breed in clean, clear water sources. a) Both A and R are true and R is the reason for A b) Both A & R are true and R is not the reason for A c) A is true but R is false d) A is false but R is true Answer c) Question numbers (XVI-XX) are multiple response type questions. Read the statements and mark the answers appropriately XVI. Health is considered a multidimensional concept. Which of the following dimensions are included in the WHO's definition of health? I. Physical II. Mental III. Social IV. Environmental V. Spiritual a) I, II, III b) I, III, IV c) I, II, IV, V d) I, II, III, V Answer (a) XVII. The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite measure that includes which of the following indicators? I.Life expectancy at birth II. Mean years of schooling III.Employment status IV. GNI per capíta V. Income a) I, II, III b) I, III, IV c) I, II, IV d) I, II, III, V Answer c) XVIII. Which of the following factors are typically considered when calculating the Air Pollution Index (API)? 1. Concentration of Particulate II. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels III. Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration IV. Oxygen levels in the atmosphere V. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) levels a) I, II, III b) I, III, IV c) I, II, IV, V d) I, II, V Answer (d) XIX. Which of the following are the uses of knowing the incubation period of a disease? I. Helps in making diagnosis II. For quarantine purpose III. Help trace contacts IV. For immunization of at risk persons V. To calculate communicable period a) I, II b) I, II, III,IV c) II, III, d) I, II, V Answer b) XX. Which of the following factors are essential in the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases? I. Host susceptibility. II. Environmental conditions III. Presence of a suitable vector IV. Health care access V. Health awareness of public a) I, II, III b) I, III, IV c) I, II, IV, V d) I, II, III, V Answer (d) Long Essays 2. The district health department has noticed a significant increase in the number of reported cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) over the past few years. Air quality in the neighbourhood has been declining due to industrial pollution, and large proportion of the population are cigarette smokers. To explore the association between smoking, pollution, and COPD, officials plan to conduct a study. a) What type of epidemiological study design is most appropriate to investigate this relationship and why? b) How would you design and conduct this study? c) What are the advantages and disadvantages of the design? d) What are the potential bias and how would you limit these bias (1+4+3+2 = 10) Answer. Case control Somerville smcsi 1. Final MBBS students observed that a high number of cases of cervical cancer are admitted to the teaching hospital where they are posted. They want to find out the risk factors for cervical cancer. Answer the following. (1+4+3+2) a) What type of study would they have to undertake. Cohort b) Write the methodology of the study c) Mention ways to analyse and interpret the data d) Mention the advantages and disadvantages of the study design you have chosen to do 15) Which of the following best describes eugenics? Improving human genetic traits through controlled breeding b) Improving the environment to enhance quality of life c) Providing medical care for terminally ill individuals d) Addressing social inequalities through policy changes 16) Which of the following diseases is known for having a high case fatality rate? a) Malaria b) Dengue fever c) Rabies d) Tuberculosis Ans. c) 17) Breakpoint chlorination is most commonly used for which of the following purposes in water treatment? a) To eliminate all bacterial pathogens in water b) To achieve a residual chlorine level for continuous disinfection c) To identify the minimum chlorine dose required to ensure water safety d) To remove chemical contaminants from drinking water Ans. b) 18) Which of the following is the key difference between incidence and prevalence? a) Incidence is a proportion, while prevalence is a rate b) Incidence is concerned with chronic diseases, while prevalence is concerned with acute diseases. c) Incidence is measured over a lifetime, while prevalence is measured over a shorter period. d) Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease, while prevalence includes both new and existing cases. Ans. d) 19) Which of the following is NOT considered one of Hill's Criteria for establishing causality? a) Strength of the association b) Consistency of the association c) Genetic predisposition d) Biological plausibility Ans. c) 20) Assertion (A): Impairment refers to a loss or abnormality of a physiological or psychological structure or function. Reason (R): Handicap is the social disadvantage resulting from the impairment that limits an individual's ability to participate in normal life activities. a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A). b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A). c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false. d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true. Ans. b) 21) Assertion (A): Quarantine is used to restrict the movement of individuals exposed to a contagious disease. Reason (R): Quarantine applies to individuals who are confirmed to have an infectious disease. a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. c) A is true, but R is false. d) A is false, but R is true Ans. c) 22) Assertion (A): SDG Goal 3 focuses on ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all at all ages. Reason (R): Achieving universal health coverage and reducing maternal and child mortality are among the targets of SDG Goal 3. a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A c) A is true. but it is false. d) A is false, bet R is true. Ans. a) 23) Assertion (A): screening for cervical cancer is more important among lower socioeconomic group Reason (B): it could increase the yield of new cases a) Both A and B are correct and R is the reason for A b) A is correct is correct but R is not the reason for A c) A is wrong R. is correct d) A is correct R is wrong e) Both A and Rare wrong Ans. a) 24) Assertion (A): In an OPD, used IV sets should be disposed of in a red bag for further treatment and disposal. Reason (R): Disposing of IV sets in the red bag allows for disinfection and recycling in compliance with the Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016. a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. c) A is true, but R is false. d) A is false, but R is true. Ans. a) A densely populated district in a southern state of India reports a sudden increase in fever cases during the monsoon season. Many patients present with high fever, severe headache, retro- orbital pain, myalgia, rash, and bleeding manifestations. The district health authorities suspect a dengue outbreak. Laboratory confirmation of cases reveals dengue virus serotypes circulating in the community. Environmental inspections highlight widespread mosquito breeding sites, including stagnant water in uncovered containers. The health department initiates an integrated response, including case management, vector control, and community awareness campaigns. Answer the following questions: 25) Dengue virus is transmitted by which of the following vectors? a)Anopheles mosquito b) Aedes aegypti mosquito c) Culex mosquito d) Sandfly Ans. b) 26) The vector is characterized by which of the following behavior? a)They are nocturnal feeders. b) They breed in clean, stagnant water. c) They are primarily found in rural areas. d) They feed only on animals Ans. c) 27) The peak biting time of the vector is: A)Early morning and late evening b) Midnight to early morning c) Throughout the day d) Only at night Ans. a) 28) Which of the following is NOT a component of Integrated Vector Management (IVM) for dengue control? a) Larvicidal treatment of breeding sites b) Encouraging the use of insecticide-treated bed nets c) Community participation for source reduction. d) Fogging with malathion during outbreaks Ans. b) 29) Under NVBDCP, which environmental measure is recommended to prevent the vector breeding? a) Regular fogging with malathion b) Filling unused containers with kerosene c) Emptying and covering water storage containers weekly d) Spraying larvicides on vegetation Ans. c) Multiple correct answer Questions (Write all the correct responses under each question) 30) Which of the following benefits are provided under the Employees' State Insurance (ESI) Act, 1948? a) Medical benefits to employees b) Unemployment benefits to employees c) Retirement pension d) Maternity benefits Ans. a) d) 31) Which of the following can be used as indicators for diagnosing severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in children? a) Weight-for-age below -3 SD b) MUAC less than 12,5 cm c) Height-for-age below -2 SD d) Bilateral pitting edema Ans. a) d) 32) Which of the following measures of variability are used to describe the spread of data in biostatistics? a) Standard deviation b) Interquartile range (IQR) c) Mean d) Range Ans. a) b) d) 33) The Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is calculated using which of the following data points? a) Number of deaths under 1 year of age b) Number of births in a given year c) Total number of live births in a population d) Total number of deaths in children under 5 years Ans. a) c) 34) Which of the following are examples of secondary prevention? a) Routine vaccinations b) Screening for hypertension c) Early treatment of a detected disease d) Lifestyle modification after a heart attack Ans. b) c) Gmc Palakkad I.Multiple Choice Questions A) Single Response Type 1. Among the following, choose one of the basic dimensions of Human Development Index (HDI) a) Number of children in family b) Literacy rate c) Gross Family Income d) Life Expectancy at one year Ans. d) 2. The communication process includes all EXCEPT a) Message b) Channel c) Feedback d) Skill Ans. d) 3. Vector for Trypanosomiasis/African sleeping sickness is a) Culex mosquito b) House fly c) Tsetse fly d) Sandfly Ans. c) 4. Epidemic dropsy is caused by ingestion of a) Ergot fungus b) Argemone oil c) Aflatoxin d) BOAA Ans. b) 5. Byssinosis is caused by inhalation of a) Coal b) Sugar cane dust c) Grain dust d) Cotton fiber Ans. d) B) Multiple Response type (5 x 1 =5 mark) Select one or more correct answers from the options (Choose from a,b,c,d); 6. The steps of an experimental randomized control trial include 1. Protocol preparation 2. Experiment/intervention 3. Randomization 4. Matching a) 2,3,4 b) 1,3,4 c) 1,2,,4 d) 1,2,3 Ans. d) 7. Lead time is between 1. Disease on set 2. First possible point of diagnosis 3. Final critical point of diagnosis 4. Usual time of diagnosis a) 1 and 4 b) 2 and 3 c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 3 Ans. c) 8. The stages of demographic cycle includes 1. Fast expanding 2. Early expanding 3. Declining 4. Least stationary a) 2,4 b) 1,3 c) 1,4 d) 2,3 Ans. d) 9. Measures of dispersion are 1. Mean 2. Range 3. Median 4. Standard deviation a) 2,4 b) 1,3 c) 1,4 d) 1,2 Ans. a) 10. Group approach of health education include 1. Lecture 2. Demonstrations 3. Television 4. Discussions a) 1,2,3 b) 2,3,4 c) 1,3,4 d) 1,2,4 Ans. d) C) Assertion reason type [Questions11-15] (5 x 1=5 marks) Select the best Option from: a) Both A & R are true and R is the correct explanation of A b) Both A & R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true. 11. Assertion (A): Expired cytotoxic drugs are put in yellow bag and incinerated Reason (R): Incineration is done usually to treat waste that cannot be recycled, reused or disposed off in a landfill Ans. a) 12. A: Counterfeit medicines contribute to antimicrobial resistance and drug resistant infections R: Antimalarials and antibiotics are the least commonly reported as sub- standard and falsified medical products Ans. a) 13. A: Eugenics and Euthenics are secondary levels of prevention for genetic diseases R: Both Eugenics and Euthenics are health promotional measures Ans. d) 14. A: Larger the number of false negatives, lower the sensitivity R: False negatives means patient who actually have the disease are told they do not have disease Ans. d) 15 A: Child rearing is the function of family R: Economic stability of family is the sole responsibility of father Ans. c) D) Clinical Scenario based MCO'S (5 x 1-5 marks) Choose the best response from the options for each question: 16. There is an outbreak of profuse and acute rice water stool diarrhea among people who consume water from a well in a village 1. An important feature of a sanitary well includes a) 10m from likely source of contamination b) Closed by cement concrete c) Lining of the well should by with mud d) With no parapet wall Ans. c) 2. Amount of good quality bleaching powder to disinfect 1000 L of water is a) 2.5kg c) 2.5g b) 25g d) 25mcg Ans. c) 3. The method used to ensure constant usage of chlorine in well water is a) Chlorine gas b) Double pot chlorination c) Chlorine tablet d) Chloramine Ans. b) 4. What is the preferred method of disinfection of well in this scenario? a) Break point chlorination c) Ozonation b) Double pot chlorination d) Super chlorination Ans. d) 5. Methods of purification of water in large scale is a) Boiling b) Osmosis c) Rapid sand filter d) Ultraviolet irradiation Ans. b) In a study to assess the relationship between birth weight and infant mortality, 800 babies among 5600 weighed below 2500 grams at birth. They were followed up till they completed their first birthday. Of the 480 infants deaths registered, 320 occurred among babies with normal body weight. a) What type of study is this? Justify? (1+1) Cohort b) Briefly describe the steps of the study (5 marks) C) What measures will you calculate from the study? Comment on the result (3 Marks) Mount Zion 1. Out of the following, which definition is closest to SEX RATIO? (a) The relation between male and female (b) The ratio between the number of adult male and adult females in a population (c) The ratio between number of female and number of male in a population d) The number of females per 1000 males in a population Answer (d) 2. Restriction of activities of a contact, who has been exposed to a case of communicable disease for maximum incubation period, is termed as: (a) Elimination (b) Quarantine (c) Surveillance (d) Isolation Answer (b) 3. Which one of the following is not included in the elements of Primary Health Care? (a) Immunization services (b) Family planning services (c) Specialized services (d) Health education regarding water and sanitation Answer c) Which one of the following gives the strength of association between the cause and the disease? (a) Prevalence rate. (b) Case fatality rate. (c) Adjusted rate. (d) Incidence rate Answer (d) The presence of nitrates in water indicates: (a) Temporary hardness of water (b) Permanent hardness of water (c)Fresh faecal contamination (d) Past faecal contamination Answer (d) Multiple Response MCQ When a new treatment is developed for an infectious disease that delays death but does not produce complete recovery from a chronic disease, which of the following will occur? a. Prevalence of the disease will decrease b. Incidence of the disease may or may not be affected c. Prevalence of the disease will increase d. Incidence of the disease will decrease 1. A. D 2C, D 3.B, C 4. None of the above Answer (3) Fill in the blanks suitably ____ is defined as the proportion of the disease that can be associated with the identified risk factor and ____ is defined as the proportion of the population that can be protected against the disease provided the identified risk factor is controlled. A: Attributable Risk B: Odds Ratio C: Population Attributable Risk D: Risk Ratio 1.A and B 2.B and D 3.A and C 4.B and C Answer 3 8. Which among the following combination best relate to a country who is currently in the