Medical Nutrition Therapy: Therapeutic Diets PDF
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Phoemala Nicole S. Lubi
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Summary
This document contains information on various therapeutic diets, categorized by calorie levels and macronutrient focus, such as high calorie, low calorie, high protein, and low protein diets. It details the different conditions that these diets can be used for, such as weight gain and weight loss. The document also details the amounts of different nutrients in different diets, and also different foods to avoid, like wheat, barley, and lactose.
Full Transcript
MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY LABORATORY 1: THERAPEUTIC DIETS 2 HIGH CARBOHYDRATE HIGH CALORIE To increase carbohydrate intake from usual To increa...
MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY LABORATORY 1: THERAPEUTIC DIETS 2 HIGH CARBOHYDRATE HIGH CALORIE To increase carbohydrate intake from usual To increase caloric intake from usual intake. intake (+500-1000 kcal). Sustain increase energy requirements. 1-2lbs per week. Preparation for surgery. PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: Interview patients and compute for total Sports nutrition calories (then add 500 to 1000 kcal). If underweight, use actual weight (if LOW CARBOHYDRATE dbw is far from aw) then add 500 to 1000 kcal. To decrease carbohydrate intake from usual Refeeding syndrome may occur if intake. drastic increases in calories to the patient. PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: COPD (Higher Respiratory Quotient) DM 2 (consistent CHO) Weight gain GDM (Nausea is brought by low sugar level) Anorexia Increase in metabolic rate (fever, infection, HIGH PROTEIN hyperthyroidism, surgery, trauma, burns). Life stages: Pregnancy (300) , lactation (500), To increase protein intake from usual intake infancy, childhood. (50-100%). 1.2-2g/kgbw/day. LOW CALORIE Sports protein Above 15% of the kcal To decrease caloric intake from usual intake Tend to be high in fat (-500 to -1000 kcal). Quality fat should be used (unsaturated) More common referral to dietitians. Physical activity must be accompanied Ask the patient on the timeline on when to Natural food only, limit protein powder achieve the DBW, and if he/she is comfortable with the DBW. PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: Use ABW and deduct 500-1000.; If you will be using the DBW, do not use the Growth, pregnancy, lactation. deduction. Malnutrition, burns, surgery, fractures, fever and infections. PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: LOW PROTEIN Weight loss Decrease in metabolic rate To decrease protein intake from usual intake (hyperthyroidism) (0.6-0.8g/kgbw/day), HBV. PHOEMELA NICOLE S. LUBI - 3N2 MEDICAL NUTRITION THERAPY LABORATORY 1: THERAPEUTIC DIETS 2 PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: Gluten enteropathy Renal disease (converts protein into FOODS TO AVOID metabolic waste, accumulates in the kidney) Cirrhosis w/ impending coma (Too much Wheat, buckwheat, barley, rye and oats. ammonia from protein) (Oats are gluten free but may be contaminated with gluten because of the HIGH FAT same manufacturer) To increase fat intake from usual intake LACTOSE FREE Use MCT, avoid SFA and trans fat. More than 30% in the diet. Limits lactose contained in milk. 50mg is ingested in the hydrogen breath PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: test for lactose intolerance (If increased, meaning lactose is not absorbed). Epilepsy (ketogenic) 12g is the allowable amount. Convulsions COPD, Dumping syndrome. PATIENTS WHO ARE/NEED: LOW FAT Lactose intolerant Crohn’s disease To decrease fat intake from usual intake. Celiac disease Less than 30% fat in the diet. Ulcerative colitis Allows 40-50g Fat/day (normal diet). Healthy Heart Diet:
