MIDTERM NOTES PDF

Lesson 6: Health Management Information System Traditionally, health care administrations have been managed manually.\ - Patient registration to Consultation. (Creation of documents is TIME-CONSUMING and posed a risk of having DUPLICATE RECORDS. IMPROPER STORAGE- difficulty in retrieval. HIGH COST...

Lesson 6: Health Management Information System Traditionally, health care administrations have been managed manually.\ - Patient registration to Consultation. (Creation of documents is TIME-CONSUMING and posed a risk of having DUPLICATE RECORDS. IMPROPER STORAGE- difficulty in retrieval. HIGH COST of maintaining proper storage. Health Management Information System - A data collection system designed to assist in the management, decision-making & planning of health programs in health facilities and organizations - [Health] -- refers to clinical studies to understand medical terminologies and clinical procedures - [Management] -- principles that help administer the health care enterprise - [Information System] -- ability to analyze and implement applications for efficient and effective transfer of patient information HMIS- set of integrated components and procedures organized with the objective of generating information that will improve health care management decisions at all levels of the health system. Concepts in developing HMIS 1. Relevant to the policies and goals of health care institution 2. Functional for immediate use 3. Integrated to avoid duplication of reports 4. Gathered on routine basis from every health unit Roles of HMIS 1. Provide quality information to support decision-making 2. Help in setting the performance target of health care delivery 3. Assess the performance of health sectors Characteristics of HMIS 1. 2. Complete -- with all information, but avoid duplication 3. Consistent 4. Clear 5. Simple- to use 6. Cost-effective 7. Accessible- the eligible users should be able to use the system with ease 8. Confidential- data privacy of patient information - **Information from HMIS can be used in PLANNING, EPIDEMIC PREDICTION AND DETECTION, DESIGNING INTERVENTIONS, MONITORING, and RESOURCE ALLOCATION.** **Eight Elements of the HMIS** [Data Input] 1. Data acquisition- generation and collection of data (Ex. BAR CODES) 2. Data verification- validation and authentication of data (to ensure the quality of gathered data) [Data Management] (processing phase) 3. Data storage- preservation of data or archiving of data no longer in use (data which are no longer actively used should be archived) 4. Data classification/organization -- key parameters should be used for easier data search (ex. Based on Sex, Address, accession number) in-patient or OPD 5. Data computation -- allows data analysis, synthesis and evaluation 6. Data update -- facilitates new and changing information and constant monitoring [Data Output] 7. Data retrieval -- process of data transfer and data distribution (transmittal of required data from the source to the appropriate end-user) 8. Data presentation -- reporting of the interpretation of the information produced by the system Determinants affecting the HMIS Performance Area 1. Behavioral -- data collector and user must be confident, motivated and competent to perform the task. (chance of the task being performed is affected by the individual perceptions on the outcome and the complexity of the task) 2. Organizational -- resources, procedures, support services and culture within the organization 3. Technical determinants -- overall design used to collect data (forms, procedures, computer software) Performance of Routine Information System Management (PRISM) - Conceptual framework that broadens the analysis of HMIS by including the three determinants of HMIS - It identifies the strength and weaknesses in certain areas as well as their correlations Lesson 7: HMIS Monitoring and Evaluation - [Monitoring] -- collection, analysis and use of information gathered from programs for the purpose of learning from acquired experiences, accounting the resources and obtain results and make decisions - [Evaluation] -- systematic assessment of completed programs or policies; the objective is to gauge the effectiveness of the program so that adjustments can be made in areas that need improvement. Components of M&E Framework 1. Indicators - Should be tracked to assess processes and results associated with various indicators - Variables which measure the value of the change in units that can be compared to past and future units - It focuses on input and output 2. Data collection 3. Analysis and synthesis 4. Communication use Five broad Categories of HMIS Key Indicators\ *by United States Agency for International Development (USAID)* +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Key Performance | Key Indicator | +===================================+===================================+ | Reproductive Health | 1. Family planning acceptance | | | rate | | | | | | 2. Antenatal care coverage | | | | | | 3. Proportion of deliveries | | | attended by skilled health | | | personnel | | | | | | 4. Proportion of deliveries | | | attended by HEWs (Health | | | Extension Workers) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Immunization | 5. DPT-3(Pentavalent-3) coverage | | | (\>1 child) | | | | | | 6. Measles Immunization coverage | | | (\>1 child) | +-----------------------------------+-----------------------------------+ | Disease prevention and control | 7. Malaria case fatality rate | | | amongst patients under 5 | | | years of age | | | | | | 8. New malaria cases per 1000 | | | population | | | | | | 9. New pneumonia cases among | | | children under 5 per 1000 | | | population of \ - Pneumonia -- leading cause - Congenital anomalies - Septicemia - Disease of nervous system - Accidental drowning - Dengue fever & dengue hemorrhagic fever - Chronic lower respiratory disease Strategies to help ensure good health of Filipino Children by 2025 (DOH) - Child 21 -- aims to safeguard the welfare of Filipino Children - Children's Health 2025 -- development of Filipino Children and protection of their rights by utilizing the life cycle approach (conception to old age) - Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) -- aims to lower child mortality caused by common illnesses - Enhanced child growth -- improve the health and nutrition of Filipino children by community-based health and nutrition posts 3. Stop TB program - Achieve universal access to high-quality care for all people with TB - HMIS Indicators to monitor the program: - TB patients on DOTS (number of new smear-positive pulmonary TB) - TB case detection - HIV-TB co-infection - TB treatment outcome