Midterm Mock PDF

# Digestive System - Stomach: temporarily stores food, digestive juices - Teeth: Break down food - Liver: Produces bile to break down fats and process nutrients - "Largest internal organ" - "Can regenerate when it is damaged". - "Digestive" => "hydrochloric acid and pepsin" # Differen...

# Digestive System - Stomach: temporarily stores food, digestive juices - Teeth: Break down food - Liver: Produces bile to break down fats and process nutrients - "Largest internal organ" - "Can regenerate when it is damaged". - "Digestive" => "hydrochloric acid and pepsin" # Different Parts of the Brain - **Cerebrum**: balance, thinking, problem-solving, memory, movement & learning - **Cerebellum**: muscle memory, coordination, smooth movements - "Most nerves in your body" - **Brainstem**: connects the brain to the spinal cord, breathing, swallowing, coughing, sneezing - "We sneeze at 100 miles an hour" # The Heart - The heart has 4 chambers - Right Atrium - Right Ventricle - Left Atrium - Left Ventricle ## Circulatory System - **What is the first step in the process of oxygen reaching your body?** - Blood is pumped to the lungs - **How does oxygen-rich blood travel from the lungs to the heart?** - Through the pulmonary arteries - **Which part of the heart receives oxygenated blood from lungs?** - Left Atrium - **What is the only vein in the body that carries oxygenated blood?** - Pulmonary vein - **After oxygen is used by the body, what happens to the blood** - Oxygen-poor blood returns to the lungs ## Fish Circulatory System - **Which of the following best describes the circulatory system of a fish?** - Single circulatory system with a two-chambered heart - **How many chambers does a frog's heart have?** - 3 chambers - **What type of circulatory system does a lamb have?** - Closed double circulatory system - **In the fish's circulatory system, where does blood go after it leaves the heat?** - To the gills for oxygenation ## Platelets - What is the primary function of platelets in the blood? - Clotting blood - What triggers platelets to start the clotting process? - Damage to a blood vessel - How do platelets help prevent excessive bleeding? - They release chemicals that attract more platelets to the injury site - What happens to the clot formed by platelets over time? - It hardens and forms a scab - Which of the following best describes platelets? - Tiny cell fragments that help in blood clotting ## Sensory Organs - **Which of the following is a sensory organ?** - Nose - **What is the stimulus for your ears?** - Sound - **What do sensory organs do ?** - They detect stimuli from the environment - **How does the sensory organ (ears) react to loud noise?** - By sending signals to the brain - **What makes your ears sensitive to loud noises?** - Sensors # What Does the Cerebrum Do? - Thinking - Speaking - Learning - Emotions - Sensory # The Brain - The brain is part of the nervous system. - Another part of the nervous system is the spinal cord. - Two important functions controlled by the brain without having to think are breathing and swallowing. - The Cerebrum controls saying your name, standing on one leg, kicking a ball, listening to music, and breathing faster while running. - The Cerebellum controls kicking a ball. - People with a serious head injury may not be able to talk anymore because of the damage the injury has caused to their cerebellum, which is responsible for talking. # The Digestive System - The digestive system involves multiple important organs that work together to help absorb all the nutrients our bodies need. - Desophagus: A muscular tube that connects to the stomach, similar to a water slide that helps guide food and water. - Stomach: The first destination of food, where it is broken down. - Small Intestine: This organ absorbs as many nutrients as possible. - Large Intestine: The final destination of nutrients, where the leftovers (waste products) are prepared to leave the body. - Anus: The final exit of waste products. # Respiratory System - The respiratory system brings in the oxygen our bodies need to survive. - We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. - The Respiratory system consists of two large tubes, called Bronchi, that lead into the lungs. - The smaller branches of the Bronchi are called Bronchioles, which are the smaller parts of the Bronchi.