Microbiology Lecture Notes - Medical Microbiology PDF
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Mansoura University
Ziad Mahana
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This document provides lecture notes on the introduction to medical microbiology. It covers the definition of microbiology, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, how microorganisms cause diseases, and their importance. The notes also outline normal flora and the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
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Introduction to Microbiology LECTURE (1) Introduction To medical microbiology 0 Introduction to Microbiology The study of living organisms ('microorganism...
Introduction to Microbiology LECTURE (1) Introduction To medical microbiology 0 Introduction to Microbiology The study of living organisms ('microorganisms' or 'microbes'): Definition Simple in structure Small in size (cannot be seen with the naked eye). ① Viruses ③ Fungi Include ② Bacteria ④ Protozoa. Microorganisms are the cause of many diseases: By understanding how pathogens work and how our immune system defends against them, scientists can develop vaccines, treatments, and preventative strategies. Used in the manufacture of antibiotics and foodstuffs. Microbiology and immunology have a huge impact on almost every aspect of our lives (health, food, environment, and technology) making them central to many modern scientific advancements. Why is microbiology Normal flora (microbiota): important Essential in maintaining our overall health. It is the community of microorganisms (mainly bacteria) that naturally inhabit our bodies, especially on skin, in mouth, gut, and other mucosal surfaces. Benefits: ① Protect us against harmful pathogens. ② Help in nutrient production and absorption. ③ The imbalance in gut microbiota could contribute to conditions like obesity, type 2 diabetes. 1 Introduction to Microbiology Pro: before Eu: well or true Kernel: nucleus Kernel: nucleus Absent (nucleoid) Present (Classic nucleus) Circular Linear No histones Complexed with histones One copy (Haploid) Two copies (Diploid) 70S 80S Binary fission Mitosis and Meiosis Absent Present Present; No sterols Present; Contain sterols Present Absent 2 Introduction to Microbiology 0.03-0.3 μm 0.1-10 μm 3-10 μm (yeast) No nucleus Nucleoid True nucleus No ribosome 70S 80S RNA or DNA (not Both Both both) Intra-cellular Binary fission Budding or Mitosis replication cycle Non-motile Some are motile Non-motile No No Yes Lipoprotein Peptidoglycan Chitin No Yes Yes Acellular Cellular Cellular Intra and extra- Intra and extra- Obligate Intracellular cellular cellular 3 Introduction to Microbiology 4 Introduction to Microbiology 5
