Planer Machine PDF

PLANER MACHINE MEWTAP1L - MEC241B BULATAO, JAKE A. VALENTIN, ARIANE MEI V. TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 DEFINITION 04 PARTS 02 FUNCTION 05 HOW DOES IT WORK? 03 TYPES 06 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DEFINITION PLANER MACHINE A robust machine used to remove material from workpieces to ac...

PLANER MACHINE MEWTAP1L - MEC241B BULATAO, JAKE A. VALENTIN, ARIANE MEI V. TABLE OF CONTENTS 01 DEFINITION 04 PARTS 02 FUNCTION 05 HOW DOES IT WORK? 03 TYPES 06 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS DEFINITION PLANER MACHINE A robust machine used to remove material from workpieces to achieve flat and smooth surfaces with high precision. The invention of the planer is attributed to General Bentham, rendering it a crucial and essential machine tool in manufacturing. Falling under the category of heavy machinery, it is widely utilised in workshops and manufacturing industries for shaping metals, woodworking, and producing large and heavy components such as steel plates, machine beds, and industrial moulds. With its ability to handle substantial workpieces and deliver accurate results, the planer machine remains an indispensable asset in modern machining processes. FUNCTION The planer is a machine tool designed to create precise flat surfaces and cut slots with efficiency. It shares similarities with the shaper machine, but its larger size sets it apart. In the planer, the workpiece slots move between points during operation, whereas the workpiece slots remain stationary in the shaper. TYPES OF PLANER MACHINE TYPES DOUBLE HOUSING PLANER MACHINE One of the most common types of planer machines used in most workshops. Features two vertical housings on both sides of the bed, supporting multiple tool heads for precise cutting in various directions. Common in workshops for machining large, heavy workpieces like steel plates and machine beds. TYPES OPEN SIDE PLANER MACHINE Has a single housing on one side, offering an open design for flexibility in handling larger or irregularly shaped workpieces. Ideal for machining wide or unconventional workpieces in industries like shipbuilding or heavy machinery. TYPES PIT PLANER MACHINE The table is stationary and set into a pit at floor level, while the cutting tool moves to machine the workpiece. Used for extremely heavy workpieces that are difficult to load and move, such as industrial molds and large steel components TYPES EDGE PLANER MACHINE The edge or plate-type planer is specifically designed for planing the edges of long plates or sheets. It is equipped with a narrow table and suitable tool heads for precise edge machining. TYPES DIVIDED TABLE PLANER MACHINE Is a specific type of planer machine where the working table is split into two or more independent sections. This design allows for enhanced efficiency by enabling simultaneous machining of separate workpieces or performing different machining operations on a single large workpiece. PARTS OF PLANER MACHINE PARTS BED Acts as the base of the machine, providing support for all components. It houses the guideways for the table’s smooth reciprocating motion and the driving mechanism for the table. PARTS HOUSING (COLUMN) The housing is also like a box, vertically structured and fastened on each side of the bed. They are also known as uprights. This planer machine part is heavily ribbed to bear heavy load during the cutting operations. PARTS TABLE The table in a planer machine is the flat, horizontal platform on which the workpiece is securely clamped during the machining process. It is one of the most critical components of the planer machine, as it facilitates the precise movement of the workpiece beneath the cutting tool. PARTS CROSS RAIL The cross rail in a planer machine is a horizontal component located above the table, and it serves as a support structure for the vertical tool heads or tool posts. The cross rail provides a stable guide for the cutting tools and allows adjustments to accommodate the height and position of the workpiece. PARTS TOOL HEAD The tool head is the part of a planer machine that holds the cutting tool. It is mounted on the cross rail or vertical supports, and its main job is to guide the cutting tool during machining. The tool head ensures precise movement of the cutting tool to shape, level, or smooth the material on the table. HOW DOES IT WORK? Setup: Place the object, (let’s say a metal piece) on a big moving table. Think of the table as a moving tray. Clamp the object tightly so it doesn’t wiggle or move. Cutting tool: Above the table is a sharp tool, like a knife. This tool stays still while the tray and the object on it moves back and forth underneath it. Motion: The table moves back and forth in a straight line. Each time it passes under the sharp tool, the tool shaves off a thin layer from the object. The tool doesn’t cut when the table moves back, only when it moves forward. Adjustments for more cutting: After one pass, the sharp tool moves a tiny step to the side, ready to cut the next section during the next pass of the table. This keeps going until the whole surface is smooth and flat. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS WEAR PROPER PROTECTIVE GEAR Always wear the appropriate protective gear before operating a machine like a planer. INSPECT THE MACHINE Check for any loose or damaged parts, especially the cutting tool and table mechanisms. UNDERSTAND THE CONTROLS Familiarize yourself with the machine’s controls, emergency stop button, and operating procedures. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS STAY FOCUSED Do not operate the machine if you are tired or distracted. AVOID LOOSE CLOTHING AND JEWELRY Do not wear loose clothing, jewelry, or anything that could get caught in moving parts. START THE MACHINE PROPERLY Make sure the machine is clear of people and objects before starting. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS TURN OFF THE MACHINE AFTER USING Always switch off the machine and wait for all parts to stop moving before making any adjustments or cleaning up to avoid accidents. INSPECT FOR DAMAGE Check the machine for any wear or damage that may have occurred during use CLEAN THE MACHINE Remove chips and debris from the table, cutting area, and floor to maintain a safe workspace. THANK YOU PLANER MACHINE MEWTAP1L - MEC241B BULATAO, JAKE A. VALENTIN, ARIANE MEI V.