Metastatic breast disease_125200.docx

**Metastatic breast disease** Metastatic breast disease, also known as metastatic breast cancer or stage IV breast cancer, refers to breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes to other parts of the body. This process, known as metastasis, typically involves distant organ...

**Metastatic breast disease** Metastatic breast disease, also known as metastatic breast cancer or stage IV breast cancer, refers to breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast and nearby lymph nodes to other parts of the body. This process, known as metastasis, typically involves distant organs such as the bones, liver, lungs, or brain. **Key Aspects of Metastatic Breast Disease** 1. **Symptoms**: The symptoms of metastatic breast cancer depend on where the cancer has spread. Common symptoms may include: - Bone pain or fractures - Chronic cough or difficulty breathing - Persistent headaches, dizziness, or seizures - Jaundice or liver function abnormalities - Abdominal pain or bloating - Weight loss or loss of appetite 2. **Diagnosis**: Diagnosis usually involves imaging tests (such as CT scans, PET scans, or MRIs) and biopsies to confirm the presence of cancer cells in distant organs. 3. **Treatment**: While metastatic breast cancer is not curable, it is treatable. Treatment goals focus on prolonging life, relieving symptoms, and maintaining quality of life. Options include: - **Systemic therapies**: Chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. - **Local treatments**: Radiation therapy or surgery to manage specific symptoms or complications. - **Supportive care**: Pain management, nutritional support, and psychological counseling. 4. **Prognosis**: The prognosis varies widely depending on factors such as the cancer\'s biology, location of metastases, response to treatment, and overall health of the patient. Advances in treatment have improved the outcomes for many patients. 5. **Follow-Up and Monitoring**: Regular follow-up appointments and imaging tests are crucial to monitor the disease\'s progression and response to treatment.