Lecture 01 - BIOT 732 Genetic Engineering II PDF
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Dr. Ulrike Breitinger
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Summary
This lecture covers fundamental concepts of genetic engineering, focusing on techniques for mapping genomes. It describes different types of DNA markers like RFLPs, SSLPs, and SNPs, along with methods used for genetic and physical mapping. Examples of techniques including techniques such as Restriction Mapping, Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Sequence Tagged Site (STS) mapping are explained.
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Lecture 01 - BIOT 732 Genetic Engineering II Dr. Ulrike Breitinger Adapted from Dr. Khaled Mapping Genomes Human Molecular Genomics (HMG): Chapter 8 Genomes 4: Chapter 3 1 2 Backgr...
Lecture 01 - BIOT 732 Genetic Engineering II Dr. Ulrike Breitinger Adapted from Dr. Khaled Mapping Genomes Human Molecular Genomics (HMG): Chapter 8 Genomes 4: Chapter 3 1 2 Background terms you need to know Term Definition Shotgun Sequencing The method involves randomly breaking up the genome into small DNA fragments that are sequenced individually. A computer program looks for overlaps in the DNA sequences, using them to reassemble the fragments in their correct order to reconstitute the genome Genome Map assigning/locating of a specific gene to particular region of a chromosome and determining the location of and relative distances between genes on the chromosome. Pedigree A pedigree shows relationships between family members and indicates which individuals have certain genetic pathogenic variants, traits, and diseases within a family as well as vital status. RFLPs Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms: The DNA molecule (allele 1) has a polymorphic restriction site that is not present in allele 2. SSLP Simple Sequence Length Polymorphisms: arrays of repeat sequences that display length variations. Unlike RFLPs, SSLPs can be multi-allelic as each SSLP can have a number of different length variants. SNPs Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms: These are positions in a genome where some individuals have one nucleotide and others have a different nucleotide VNTRs and STRs Variable Number of Tandem Repeats = Minisatellites (10-100 bp); Short Tandem Repeats = Microsatellites (
