Maps and Geographic Grid.pptx

Chapter 2: Maps, Geographic Grid, Map Projections Announcements: Chapter 2 Cengage due January 28th at 11:59 PM Exam 1 February 28th Chapter Objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: 02.01 Explain why maps and the geographic information they present are relevant in our daily live...

Chapter 2: Maps, Geographic Grid, Map Projections Announcements: Chapter 2 Cengage due January 28th at 11:59 PM Exam 1 February 28th Chapter Objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: 02.01 Explain why maps and the geographic information they present are relevant in our daily lives. 02.02 Describe how maps and map-like images are keys to understanding geography and why they communicate geographic information effectively. 02.03 Find locations using latitude and longitude in degrees, minutes, and seconds, and in decimal degrees. 02.04 Describe how the spacing of contour lines depicts the land surface on topographic maps. Chapter Objectives By the end of this chapter, you should be able to: 02.05 Explain the usefulness of the three different types of map scales. 02.06 Discuss how different types of maps and remote-sensing images can be used in solving geographic problems. 02.07 Describe how cartography, global positioning systems (GPS), remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS) each contribute to understanding our world. 02.08 Explain why understanding geospatial techniques and their applications would be beneficial in a career field. 2-1 Maps and Our Views of the World Cartography—the science of professional mapmaking Why are maps important? Do people still hand draw maps? 2-1 Maps and Our Views of the World Great circle An imaginary circle drawn in any direction on Earth’s surface and whose plane passes through the center of Earth All Great Circles divide Earth into equal halves called Hemispheres A naturally occurring example of a great circle is the circle of illumination, which divides Earth into light and dark halves —a day hemisphere and a night hemisphere. Small circle Any circle on Earth’s surface that does not divide the planet into equal halves Which image is displaying a Great Circle? A Small Circle? 2-1 Maps and Our Views of the World Latitude and longitude Coordinate system a precise system of grid lines used to describe locations. Earth’s coordinate system, however, uses positions by latitude related to its planetary rotation, along with longitude positions arbitrarily set by international agreement. 2-1 Maps and Our Views of the World Measuring latitude Latitude (Parallels) Degrees north or south of equator Lines that run east and west Reference line: Equator Great circle of Earth midway between the poles; the zero-degree parallel of latitude that divides Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Measuring longitude (Meridians) Longitude Degrees east or west of Prime Meridian Lines that run north and south from pole to pole Reference line: prime meridian Half of a great circle that connects the North and South Poles and marks zero degrees longitude.