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LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana CLASSICAL PERIOD ​ Depending on the number of players involved, terms trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet,...

LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana CLASSICAL PERIOD ​ Depending on the number of players involved, terms trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, and nonet may be used. CLASSICAL ​ Term concerto is used for solo instrument with the accompaniment of the orchestra, and ​ refers to adherence to the formal, elegant, symphony is for the whole orchestra. simple, liberated, and dignified ideals and ​ A type of music composition played on features of ancient Greek and Roman literature instruments that usually consist of 2 or 4 sections and art with unique music character. ​ A music composition that is expressed using one CLASSICAL MUSIC or two instruments. Ex. Beethoven’s Moonlight Sonata ​ Classical music melodies share many of the same ​ Also refer to a composition for larger features. instrumental group having more than two or ​ texture and harmony are homophonic three parts, such as a string quartet or an ​ Alberti Bass, a form of broken chord orchestra. accompaniment, was used. ​ Sonata form, also called first-movement form or ​ Franz Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus sonata-allegro form Mozart, and Ludwig Van Beethoven were the finest composers of the day. INSTRUMENTAL FORMS ​ Instrumental genres produced during this period include the sonata, concerto, and symphony, while vocal forms include Opera Seria and SINGLE MOVEMENT MULTI-MOVEMENT Opera Buffa. BINARY FORM - HAS TWO SONATA FORM – MOST COMPLEMENTARY AND RELATED IMPORTANT INSTRUMENTAL FORM BEETHOVEN’S MOONLIGHT SONATA MELODIC SECTIONS OF EQUAL WITH SEVERAL MOVEMENTS. IT DURATION. (LESS USAGE) DEVELOPED OUT OF SONATA DA CHIESA, SONATA DA CAMERA, ​ Melodic line is easier to distinguish. AND ITALIAN AND FRENCH ​ Listener may also sense the changes in OVERTURES. emotional presentations as characterized by variations in speed, volume, and number of notes TERNARY FORM – FREQUENTLY CONCERTO IS NOT AN played in each measure EMPLOYED, ESPECIALLY FOR IMPORTANT FORM BUT THE SOLO ​ MAIN CHARACTERISTICS: SLOW MOVEMENTS WHERE THE CONCERTO FOR PIANO, VIOLIN, FORM IS OFTEN CALLED OR OTHERS, WITH ORCHESTRAL ★​ Lighter, dramatic effects, striking THREE-PART SONG FORM. ACCOMPANIMENT REACHED A melodies, and clearer texture than HIGH POINT OF DEVELOPMENT. IT Baroque music and is less complex; IS REGULARLY IN THREE ★​ Mainly homophonic—melody above MOVEMENTS. chordal accompaniment; ★​ Melodies are shorter; COMPOUND TERNARY FORM – IS ★​ Frequent changes of mood and timbre; USED FOR DANCE-LIKE THIRD MOVEMENTS OF CLASSICAL ★​ Orchestra increased in size and range; SYMPHONIES AND INSTRUMENTAL ★​ Harpsichord was replaced by the piano; WORKS. IT IS REFERRED TO EITHER ★​ Sonata form developed and became the MINUET, SCHERZO by Trio Form most important instrumental form; FUGAL FORM – COMMON FOR WHAT IS A SONATA? CLASSICAL COMPOSERS USE FUGAL TECHNOQUES IN THE FRAME WORK OF ANOTHR FORM. ​ From Italian word, “suonare” that means “to sound” indicates a piece to be sounded om instruments. ​ The name sonata is used specifically for a STRUCTURE OF SONATA-ALLEGRO FORM chamber piece intended for one or two instruments. LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana ​ EXPOSITION – is like an introduction to an essay. It introduces the main themes in a composition. It has two themes or ideas. FIRST Theme is the tonic or main key; the SECOND Theme is typically 5 key steps away from the tonic key. ​ DEVELOPMENT – it expands on the themes introduced in the composition. It gives the composer an opportunity to improvise or move to other key tonalities and concludes VOCAL FORMS ​ back in the original key. ​ RECAPITULATION – Its where the composer settles back to the home key and represents the SINGLE MOVEMENT MULTI-MOVEMENT original themes. It restates the major ideas of a musical work. Occasionally, it comes with a coda, RECITATIVE - also known OPERA – Is a form of theatre which is a small section to bring the work to a by the Italian name in which music is a close. 'recitativo', acts as a fundamental component ​ Famous Sonatas dialogue and allows the and dramatic roles are ★​ Mozart: Piano Sonata no. 14 in C minor characters to move the taken by singers. Such a KV 457 story onwards through a "work" is typically a ★​ Schubert: Piano Sonata no. 20 in A Major ★​ Bach: Sonata no.3 in C Major for Solo narrative. collaboration between a Violin composer and a librettist and incorporates several SONATA 2ND MOVEMENT performing arts, such as acting, scenery, costume, ​ This is often a slow movement of the sonata and sometimes dance or cycle. ballet.OST ​ It offers a contrast to the sonata-allegro. It is a songful movement and tempo is often an ANDANTE or ADAGIO in A-B-A form. ARIA – a self-contained RELIGIOUS MUSIC- Christian piece for one voice, with music is music that has SONATA 3RD MOVEMENT or without instrumental or been written to express orchestral either personal or a ​ Is a minuet and trio. Minuet originated in French accompaniment. communal belief regarding court (embodies in triple time and the idea of Christian life and faith. grace of an aristocratic age). Scherzo is an Common themes of Italian term for “JEST” which is marked by abrupt changes of mood. Christian music include praise, worship, penitence, SONATA 4TH MOVEMENT and lament, and its forms vary widely around the ​ The Classical sonata cycle ends with a rondo, a world lively movement suffused with the spirit of the dance. CHORUS – A group of ​ A-B-A-B-A is the form used as rondo extension. singers who perform ​ A-B-A-C-A is used if there are two contrasting together, usually singing theme and sections. multi-part compositions with more than one singer for each part. LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana Sculpted in 1498-1499 Measures 1.74 meters by 1.95 m. Currently housed in St. peter’s basilica, Vatican city. Pieta means pity. it is a sculpture of Mother Mary cradling the body of Jesus after it was brought down from the cross. ARTISTS OF THE - Sculpture is marble yet he was able to convey the soft folds of the clothes. RENAISSANCE - Very realistic emotions are seen on mother mary’s face in contrast to Jesus' lifeless body. it sends a powerful message of a mother’s love and sorrow. DONATELLO - Donato di Niccolo di Betto Bardi, a FRESCOES OF SISTINE CHAPEL CEILING pioneer in the Renaissance style. - he was born in 1386 CE and died in Sculpted in 1508-1512 December of 1466 CE. Currently in Sistine Chapel -he’s a sculptor who applied ceiling in Vatican City perspectives in his works. knowing that he started the painting in 1508 his sculptures would be viewed at height, and took 4 years to finish the and sculptures viewed at this angle had masterpiece. It is composed of a habit of appearing stunted and nine different parts. each peculiar. section tells a different bible - he sculpted his statues to be wider and longer on top so story, the most popular of that when people looked up it would look normal. which is the creation of man, where god gives life to Adam DONATELLO’S DAVID with a touch.Pope Julius II commissioned Michaelangelo to paint the ceiling of the - It was made around 1440 CE. Sistine Chapel. - kept in the National Museum of Bargello and measures 1.58 meters. LEONARDO DA VINCI - it’s a bronze sculpture of the biblical David who is shown standing triumphant A popular Italian artist born 1452 CE with a sword and one foot stepping on and died in 1519, at the age of 67. A Goliath’s decapitated head. - it is the first freestanding nude true Renaissance man, an artist, and sculpture to be done in a thousand a scientist. he thirsted for knowledge years since nudity was frowned upon he studied painting, sculpture, during the medieval era. architecture, music, literature, poetry, geology, botany, anatomy, MICHAELANGELO BUONAROTTI and mathematics. - He has conceived many ideas and loves to ​ one of the most well-known experiment, writing them down in his notebooks. it Italian Renaissance artist born in 1475 is said he filled up 120 notebooks with his ideas. and died in 1564 CE. - He mastered anatomy by studying and ​ he is a man of many talents: poet, painter, sculptor, and architect. dissecting cadavers which was illegal back then. ​ among his well-known masterpieces are the Pieta and the THE LAST SUPPER frescoes of the Sistine Chapel ceiling The Last Supper is a PIETA popular Christian subject with artists. Da LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana Vinci created his own version on a wall of the dining hall the classical study of art and science which features a of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan who’s who of the great minds of ancient Greece such as from 1494 –1499 CE. it measures 4.6 meters by 8.8 meters. Plato, Aristotle, etc. Linear perspective is applied to the - He used the linear perspective to make the scene building which seems to be that of a Roman basilica with appear to be part of the monastery. Where christ was Greek details. It was completed around 1509 – 1511. the focal point where all the converging lines seemed to meet. JAN VAN EYCK - Da vinci is a perfectionist, many of his works are left unfinished simply because he was unhappy with them or - One of the most important artist of the he was distracted with a new project. Northern Renaissance. He was born in the Netherlands around 1390 CE. His MONA LISA works are both religious and secular paintings. His works include altarpieces It is believed to have been made in and portraits. 1503 – 1506 CE. This portraiture painting measures 77 cm by 53 cm and is - Van Eyck is a master in the medium of part of the permanent collection of the oil paint. The longer drying time of the oil allows him to Louvre in Paris, France. perfect the blending of his colors. He will paint on top of - Da Vinci has been working on this another layer of paint while it is wet. painting for 16 years and is said to be - This helped him achieve the slight changes from light still unfinished. What makes the Mona and shade creating a three-dimensional effect. Lisa so interesting is the mysteries that surround it. ARNOLIFINI WEDDING - The portrait is said to be Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco Giocondo, a silk merchant who commissioned 1434 CE, It is known for different titles Da Vinci to paint his wife, but others think it was such as the Arnolfini portrait, the Leonardo himself. Arnolfini double portrait, etc. It - Mona Lisa’s little smile seems to hide a secret and many measures 84.5 x 62.5 cm and is exhibited viewers speculate the meaning of her expression. in the National Gallery of London. - Historians believe that the portrait RAPHAEL SANZIO serves as a record of a marriage contract, which is unique. - He was born in Italy in 1483, lucky - Painting features of Giovanni di enough to be apprenticed by two great Nicolao Arnolfini and his wife holding hands. It is set Renaissance masters Leonardo Da inside a house drawn from an orthogonal perspective. Vinci and Michaelangelo. - Under Leonardo’s tutelage, he SOFONISBA ANGUISSOLA learned shading to create the illusion of three-dimensionality which is also Women artists gained also some known as modelling. acceptance during the Renaissance - Michaelangelo’s guidance, he was although they had to work doubly hard able to bring movement and to gain any kind of recognition. dynamics to his work. he led quite a - She is the eldest of seven children. Her successful career but was cut short by father, seeing his daughter’s potential dying at the age of 37. encouraged her to pursue her dreams by becoming an artist by studying with other artists. She painted portraits and religious subjects. As her name became recognized, the king of Spain appointed her as the official painter of the crown. SCHOOL OF ATHENS It is a fresco that embodies DRUG SCENARIO the ideals of Renaissance art. It shows an interest in LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana ​ Growing problem of substance abuse and ​ Common Drugs of Abuse Used: Shabu (1st) ​ trafficking in Southeast Asia, according to Marijuana (2nd) International Narcotics Control Broad (INCB). Inhalants (3rd) ​ Poverty is a significant factor in illegal drug trade. ​ Foreign drug syndicates exploit the poor, using promises of "easy money" to attract couriers COMMON CONCEPTS IN DRUG EDUCATION and runners. ​ Methamphetamine Hydrochloride or Shabu is ​ Drugs are any substances or chemicals which most common substance of abuse (81.36%). when taken into the body either though nasal, Cannabis or Marijuana is the second most oral, transdermal or intravenous way have common (33.665%). Inhalant or solvent is the psychological, emotional and behavioral effects third most common (4.82%). on a person. ​ Government efforts include law enforcement, ​ Drugs of abuse are drugs commonly abused by "Dangerous Drug Act of 2002," and Dangerous users. In the Philippines, the three drugs of abuse Drug Board programs. are shabu, marijuana and inhalants. ​ Drug dependence is a cluster of physiological, WHEN CAN THERE BE MISUSE OF DRUGS? behavioral and cognitive phenomena of variable intensity in which the use of a drug ​ When not taking the medication according to takes on a high priority thereby creating a strong prescription. desire to take the substance. ​ Taking more than the prescribed dosage and ​ Drug misuse is the use of a substance thinking that it will hasten the effect. incoherent or inconsistent with the prescribed ​ Changing the way, it is taken like injecting dosage or frequency of use. instead of swallowing. ​ Drug Abuse is the use of a substance for ​ Getting or buying drugs from unreliable sources. non-medicinal purposes. Abuse leads to organ ​ Taking the drug out of anger or as a way of damage like brain damage and liver damage, getting attention. addiction and troubled behavioral patterns. ​ Not taking the medicine when it is supposed to ​ Drug tolerance is the condition of the body to be taken. adapt to the effects of substances to the body ​ Using the drug for other purposes than its thus requiring an even larger amount of the intended purpose. substance to experience the same physiological and mental effect experienced when taking the FACTORS INFLUENCING SUSBTANCE USE AND smaller dosage. ABUSE PREVENTIVE MEASURES AGAINST DRUG USE ​ Lack of parental supervision and support AND ABUSE ​ Strong peer pressure and curiosity ​ An intense feeling of pleasure ​ Relief from stress, anxiety, and depression ​ Increased physical and cognitive performance PROFILE OF FILIPINO DRUG USERS ​ Ratio of Users (male to female): 10:1 ​ Mean Age: ​ 28 years old ​ Civil Status: ​ Single (58.2%) ​ Employment Status: ​ Unemployed ​ Educational Attainment: ​ HS level ​ Average Monthly Household Income: Php 16,290.80 ​ Duration of Drug Use: ​ 6 yrs and more ​ Residence: ​ Urban areas ​ Nature of Drug Use: ​ Poly-drug use  LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana RISK AND PROTECTIVE FACTORS FOR DRUG USE, - Accessibility to prohibited MISUSE, ABUSE, AND DEPENDENCE drugs SOCIAL DANCE DANCE ​ A way of knowing and communicating ​ All societies use dance to communicate on both personal and cultural levels and to meet physical and spiritual needs MAIN FORMS OF DANCE ​ ceremonial (religion, celebration, ritual) ​ recreational (folk, social dancing, aerobic dance) ​ artistic (ballet, modern, narrative, tap, lyrical) SOCIAL DANCE ​ Intended to introduce people who are attending a social occasion to one another. Ballroom dances are another name for them. ​ Normally done in pairs, male and female, but they can also be done in groups. PROTECT YOURSELF TYPES OF SOCIAL DANCES RISK FACTORS PROTECTIVE FACTORS ​ Modern Standard Dances ○​ Examples: - Lack of Self-respect and -High self-respect and ○​ Slow waltz Self-esteem self-esteem ○​ Tango - Peer Pressure - Practice resistance skills and ○​ Viennese waltz - Peer rejection being able to say “NO” ○​ Foxtrot -Not active in school - Friends not involved in drugs ​ Latin American Dances activities and sports - Involvement to sports and ○​ Salsa - Low grades school activities ○​ Mambo - Bullying - Having good grades ○​ Merengue -Drug-dependent biological - Good stress and anger ○​ Swing family member management skills ○​ Cha cha cha -Problems in the - Being resilient ○​ Rumba family/relationships -Healthy family relationships ○​ Samba -Unable to express - Social skills ○​ Jive emotions in healthful ways - Positive role models ○​ Boogie - Role models who are drug - Respect for authority and ○​ Paso doble users the law - Using illegal drugs early in BENEFITS life - Disrespect for authority and the law ​ Improves your social life. ​ Improves your social skills LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana ​ Helps sharpen your mind ○​ A bruise forms when blood vessels under ​ Reduces stress the skin break. The trapped blood ​ Provides new cultural experience creates a bruise that's black, purple or ​ Improves your outlook blue then changes color as it heals. ​ Builds strength ​ Cartilage Tears ○​ Cartilage tears are the most common ORIGIN OF DANCES cause of leg pain in active people. ​ Damaged Ligaments ○​ Can be caused by trauma, such as a car accident. Or they can be caused by sports injuries. RICE METHOD ​ Rest the injured part, especially for the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury, this is the most critical treatment. Avoid any activity that causes pain or makes it worse. Use crutches if the leg, foot, or ankle is injured. Support an injured wrist, arm, or shoulder with a sling. Tape an injured toe or finger to its healthy neighbor. ​ Ice is an excellent anti- inflammatory and it DANCE INJURIES reduces swelling and pain. Apply an ice pack or cold compress for 10 to 15 minutes as soon as possible after an injury. Repeat each hour for the KNEE INJURIES first 3 or 4 hours, then 4 times a day for the next 2 to 3 days. Protect your skin with a thin cloth. If ​ It can be a result from a blow or twist to the ice packs are not available, a packet of frozen knee, from improper landing after a jump or vegetables a cloth will do. from running too hard without proper warm up. ​ Compression also reduces swelling. Use elastic bandages for at least 2 days. Check that the bandage is snug, but not too tight. Take the bandage off at night. ​ Elevation drains fluid from injured tissues. Elevate the injured area whenever you are sitting or lying down. Try to keep the injured area at or above the level of the heart. ​ A break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-time injury to the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to the bone over time (stress fracture). ​ The most common symptom of a stress fracture is at the site that worsens with weight bearing activities. Tenderness and swelling often accompany the pain. 5 MOST COMMON KNEE PROBLEMS ​ Arthritis ○​ means inflammation or swelling of one or more joints. ​ Tendonitis ○​ when a tendon is inflamed. ​ Bruise LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana VOCABULARY YASSSS ​ Allegro - quickly, in a brisk lively manner. ​ Andante – in a moderately slow tempo. ​ Cantata – a choral composition with instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements. ​ Crescendo – gradually becoming louder. ​ Diminuendo / Decrescendo – gradually becoming softer. ​ Largo – a very slow tempo. COMMON DANCE RELATED INJURIES ​ Minuet – a slow, stately ballroom dance for two in triple meter. ​ Opera – a drama set to music. ​ Singspiel – 18th century German musical comedy featuring songs and ensembles interspersed with dialogue. FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN (1732-1809) is regarded as one of the most important classical composers. His life has been dubbed a "rags-to-riches" tale. He was born into a low-income family and rose through the ranks of society thanks to his music. Rich patrons hired him, and he eventually became the Esterhazy family's musical director for 30 years. His music reflects his attitude and character: it's mostly quiet, balanced, serious, but with a sense of humor. He was able to write nearly 100 symphonies, many of which were expanded into lengthier forms for a large orchestra. Despite his mastery of every musical form at the time, he was dubbed "Father of the Symphony." The "Surprise Symphony," "The Clock," and "The Military" are just a few of his symphonies' nicknames. He also composed chamber music for piano and choral compositions. By 1780, his music has been published all over Europe. Because of his accomplishments, he was invited to various cities. His final works are mostly sacred music for his patron, culminating in two large oratorios, The Creation (1798) and the Seasons (1801) which reflect his love of nature. He is remembered as the first great symphonist and the inventor of String Quartet. STRING QUARTET CLASSY COMPOSERS LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana ​ Group of four musicians who play string He was described as: instruments. The term can also refer to pieces of music composed for a string quartet. Although ○​ A successful composer string quartets can be made up of any string ○​ A violinist, and instruments, they are most commonly composed ○​ An Assistant Concertmaster of two violins, one viola, and one cello. LUDWIG CAN BEETHOVEN (1770-1827) WOLFGANG (woof woof) AMADEUS MOZART (1756-1791) born in Bonn, Germany to a family of musicians and studied A musical music at an early age. He was the prodigy and composer who bridged the late the greatest Classical era and the early genius of all Romantic era. He was a talented time. He began pianist and composer. His famous playing the compositions include 32 piano violin and sonatas, 21 set of variations, 9 harpsichord at symphonies, 5 concertos for the age of piano, 16 string quartets and five, was recognized as a great choral music. His works include the “Missa Solemnis” pianist at the age of six and (1818-1823) and opera “Fidelio” (1805). His known was already creating excellent symphonies are: Symphony No. 3 (Eroica), No. 5, No. 6 music by the age of seven. At (Pastoral), No. 9 (Choral), which adds voices to the the age of thirteen, he had orchestra. He began to go deaf in 1796 but this did not created sonatas, concertos, become a hindrance. He continued composing through symphonies, religious pieces, operas, and operettas. the help of an assistant and hearing gadget. Some of his famous compositions were made when he was deaf. He experimented with a wide range of musical styles and wrote approximately 700 compositions. Unfortunately, CARL PHILIPP EMANUEL BACH (1714-1788) 😢 due to mismanaged funds, he had a poor life, died young, and was buried in an unknown grave. (damn ) was his father's actual heir and a significant figure in his own right. He wrote popular concertos, symphonies, and operas, He studied law, earning his including "The Marriage of Figaro" (1786), "Don degree at Frankfurt in 1735, but Giovanni" (1789), and "The Magic Flute." Eine Kleine it's likely that he never intended Nachtmusik, Symphony No. 40 in G Major, and Sonata to pursue a career in law instead No. 11 in A Major K311 are among his other works. of music. He states in his autobiography, "For composition HIGHLIGHTS OF HIS LIFE and keyboard-playing, I have never had any tutor other than ​ 1761 – A public keyboard performer my father." He was chosen to ​ 1762 – He traveled to Courts in Bavaria, Munich serve as Frederick II of Prussia's harpsichordist in and in Vienna, and Prague. 1740. Frederick loved music and was an excellent flutist. ​ 1763 – His First Opera, La Finta Semplica Every night but Mondays and Fridays, when operas were ​ 1770 – His first carnival opera, Mitridate re di being performed, he had the court orchestra play Ponto concerto with him. ​ 1773 – Solo motet (Exsultate, Jubilate) ​ 1775 – Italian Opera, La Finta Giardiniera Bach's insistence on his outstanding harpsichordist's ​ 1776 – Composing Piano Concertos submission grew grating, but it took him until 1767 to be ​ 1778 – Ballet music and new symphony in Paris. able to quit his job in Berlin and accept a position as ​ 1781 – Opera entitled, Idomeneo Hamburg's music director. During this time, he married ​ 1791 – He played his last Piano concerto (1744), wrote his essay on the true art of playing ​ 1878 – Beethoven arrived in Vienna to study with keyboard instruments, Versuch über die wahre Art das Mozart. Klavier zu spielen (1753; revised edition 1787), and built a reputable career as a composer, performer, and teacher. LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana FRANZ SCHUBERT (1797-1828) Franz Peter Schubert was born near Vienna in January 1797. He was the 12th child of a Moravian schoolteacher, Franz, and his wife, Elisabeth. Franz senior - who played cello - taught his son the rudiments of music. The house in which young Franz was born, pictured, was known as A concerto has three movements: the Red Crayfish but is today 54 Nussdorfer Strasse in the ninth district of Vienna. The composer ○​ 1st Movement : Fast : Sonata allegro Salieri (he of not actually murdering Mozart fame) form with expositions of the orchestra talent-spotted the young Franz when the boy was just and then by the soloist seven. Franz was whisked off to the Imperial Seminary ○​ 2nd Movement : Slow : Has more where he sang in the choir, played violin in the orchestra, ornamentation that the First Movement and learned musical theory from Salieri himself. In 1815 ○​ 3rd Movement : Fast : Finale : Usually in a alone, Schubert wrote more than 20,000 bars of music, form of rondo, resembling the last including nine church works, a symphony, and some 150 movement of the symphony and usually songs – including eight in one day in October 1815. As a a short cadenza is used. 19-year-old in Vienna, Schubert began both a law degree ​ Example is the Piano Concerto No.5 “Emperor” and composing his Symphony No.5. This might well have by Ludwig Van Beethoven been the work that prompted the composer to drop out of studying law. It is the perfect piece for anyone who SYMPHONY wants to get into his music – fresh, light, full of youthful exuberance and bursting with tunes. ​ A multi-movement work for orchestra, the SONATA symphony is derived from the word sinfonia which literally means “a harmonious sounding together.” It is classical music for the whole ​ A multi-movement work for solo instrument, orchestra, generally in four movements. Sonata came from the word Sonare which means “to make a sound.” This term is applied to a Four movements of the symphony; variety of works for a solo instrument such as keyboard or violin. ○​ 1st Movement: Fast : Sonata – allegro ​ The three movements of the Sonata by Wolfgang form Amadeus Mozart ○​ 2nd Movement: Slow : Gentle, lyrical – ○​ 1st Movement : Allegro – fast movement typical ABA form or theme and variation ○​ 2nd Movement : Andante – slow ○​ 3rd Movement: Medium / Fast : Uses a movement dance form (Minuet or scherzo) ○​ 3rd Movement : Minuet – It is three-four ○​ 4th Movement: Fast : Typically Rondo or times and in a moderate or fast tempo. Sonata form ​ Example of theme from “Surprise Symphony” CONCERTO by Franz Joseph Haydn CLASSICAL OPERA ​ Concerto is a multi-movement work designed for an instrumental soloist and orchestra. It is a classical form of music intended primarily to ​ Opera is a drama set to music where singers and emphasize the individuality of the solo musicians perform in a theatrical setting. instrument and to exhibit the virtuosity and ​ The two distinct styles of opera, Opera Seria and interpretative abilities of the performer. Opera Buffa, were developed during the Classical Period. LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana ​ The Opera Seria (serious opera) usually implies ​ World Heritage Sites are places of importance heroic or tragic drama that employs to cultural or natural heritage as described in the mythological characters, which was inherited UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established from the Baroque period. “Idomeneo” by Mozart in 1972. UNESCO's mission is to contribute to the is an example of Opera Seria. The Opera Buffa building of a culture of peace, the eradication of (comic opera) from Italy made use of everyday poverty, sustainable development and characters and situations, and typically intercultural dialogue through education, the employed spoken dialogues, lengthy arias and sciences, culture, communication and was spiced with sight gags, naughty humor and information. 🤓☝️ social satire. “The Marriage of Figaro, “Don Giovanni,” and “The Magic Flute” are examples of popular Opera Buffa by Mozart. BAROQUE ARTS IN THE ​ The Baroque churches in the Philippines exhibit a fusion of European Baroque elements with PHILIPPINES indigenous styles, characterized by ornate façades, elaborate decorations, and the use of local materials. This integration reflects the BAROQUE ARTS cultural and historical context of the Philippines. SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH IN INTRAMUROS ​ Derived from the Portuguese barroco, or “oddly shaped pearl,” the term “baroque” has been widely used since the nineteenth century to describe the period in Western European art music from about 1600 to 1750. ​ The Baroque is a highly ornate and elaborate style of architecture, art and design that flourished in Europe in the 17th and first half of the 18th century. Originating in Italy, its influence quickly spread across Europe, and it became the first visual style to have a significant worldwide impact. THE SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH IS PATTERNED AFTER SOME OF THE MAGNIFICENT TEMPLES BUILT BY THE INTRAMUROS AUGUSTINIANS IN MEXICO. THE ATMOSPHERE IS MEDIEVAL SINCE “BOTH CHURCH AND MONASTERY SYMBOLIZE THE MAJESTY AND EQUILIBRIUM OF An iconic and historic THE SPANISH GOLDEN ERA.” landmark of Manila and is also known as THE MASSIVE STRUCTURE OF THE CHURCH IS the Walled City, has HIGHLIGHTED BY THE SYMMETRY AND SPLENDOR OF stood for centuries. THE INTERIORS (PAINTED BY TWO ITALIANS) – THE The city was built in PROFILE OF THE MOLDINGS, ROSETTES the late 16th century as the city that held SAN AGUSTIN CHURCH IN PAOAY, ILOCOS the seat of power in NORTE Manila. The walls were constructed to fend off any possible foreign attacks since the governor assigned to the Philippines also resided and held office there. Church is the Philippines’ primary UNESCO example of a Spanish colonial earthquake baroque architecture dubbed by Alicia Coseteng, an ​ United Nations Educational, Scientific and interpretation of the European Cultural Organization (UNESCO) LEGAZPI CITY SCIENCE HIGHSCHOOL 9-CURIE MAPEH Mr. Alex Hasal Maquiñana Baroque adapted to the seismic condition of the country using enormous buttresses on the sides and back of the BACLAYON CHURCH IN BACLAYON, BOHOL (yas) building. Javanese architecture reminiscent of the Borobudur of Java can also be seen on the church walls. SANTO TOMAS DE VILLANUEVA CHURCH IN MIAG-AO, ILO ILO The church’s over-all architectural style falls under the Baroque Romanesque style. Its ochre color is due to the materials used in constructing the church: adobe, Baclayon Church in Bohol is a declared National Cultural egg, coral and Treasure and National Historic Landmark. It is one of the limestone. The church’s foundation is 6 meters deep and Philippines' oldest Catholic churches — structurally the massive stone walls at 1.5 meters thick are intensified original and still with authentic materials — dating back using 4-meter-thick setback buttresses as protection to to 1727. The actual parish missionary (officially named La the Moro invaders (Royal Decree 111 of 1573, Law of the Purisima Concepción de la Virgen Parish) was founded Indies). by Jesuits in 1596, only a few decades after Spanish conquistadors arrived. The façade of Miag-ao church consists of an ornately decorated bas-relief in the middle of two-huge While a significant tourist attraction, Baclayon Church is watchtower belfries on each side. The bas-relief is a still managed by local parishioners. For tourists, the mixed influence of Medieval Spanish, Chinese, Muslim reception feels quaint and warm, somewhat loosely and local traditions and elements. organized. When there are no mass services, visitors enter from the small museum, previously a convent. STA. MARIA CHURCH IN STA. MARIA, ILOCOS Various religious antiques from as far back as the 16th SUR century are on display. GOODLUCK SABI NI ATE GANDA The church of the Our Lady of the Assumption in Sta Maria is situated on a hill surrounded by a defensive wall on all sides like a fortress. The church is reached by climbing an 85-step stairway of granite rock. The church brick façade has one large portal with three windows. The recessed arched entrance is flanked by a pair of rectangular pilasters dividing the façade into three well-defined planes.