Linux Unix Commands PDF

# Unix Commands ## cd (Change Directory) Command - The cd command is used to change the current directory (i.e., the directory in which the user is currently working). ### Syntax: ``` cd [-Options] [Directory] ``` ### Example: | Option | Use...

# Unix Commands ## cd (Change Directory) Command - The cd command is used to change the current directory (i.e., the directory in which the user is currently working). ### Syntax: ``` cd [-Options] [Directory] ``` ### Example: | Option | Use | |:-------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------| | cd .. | Change Current directory to parent directory | | cd ~ | Move to users home directory from anywhere | | cd lab_1 | Change from current working directory to lab_1 | | cd ../downloads | If we are currently in /home/username/documents then we would be placed in /home/username/downloads. | ## Is Command - List directory contents. ### Syntax: ``` Is [Options] [file|dir] ``` ### Example: | Option | Use | |:-------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Is -l | To show long listing information about the file/directory | | Is -a | List all files including hidden file starting with '.' | | Is -r | List in reverse order | | Is -t | Sort by time & date | | Is -s | Sort by file size | ## man Command - It is the interface used to view the system's reference manuals. ### Syntax: ``` man [command name] ``` ### Example: The image shows a terminal window with the following text: ``` [student@localhost ~]$ man ls ``` This command will display the manual page for the `ls` command. ## echo Command - Display a line of text/string on standard output or a file. ### Syntax: ``` echo [option] [string] ``` ### Example: | Option | Use | |:-------|:---------------------------------| | echo -n | Do not output a trailing newline | | echo -e | Enable interpretation of backslash escape sequences | ### Use | Option | Use | |:-------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------| | \b | It removes all the spaces in between the text | | \n | It creates new line from where it is used | | \t | It create horizontal tab spaces | ## cal Command - Displays a simple, formatted calendar in your terminal. ### Syntax: ``` cal [options] [[[day] month] year] ``` ### Example: | Option | Use | |:-------|:-----------------------------------------------------------------------| | cal -1 | Display single month output. (This is the default.) | | cal -3 | Display three months spanning the date. | | cal -s | Display Sunday as the first day of the week. | | cal -m | Display Monday as the first day of the week. | | cal -j | Use day-of-year numbering for all calendars. These are also called ordinal days. Ordinal days range from 1 to 366. | | cal -y | Display a calendar for the whole year | ## date Command - Print or set the system date and time. ### Syntax: ``` date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT] ``` ### Example: | Option | Use | |:-------|:--------------------------------------------------------------------| | date +%a | The abbreviated weekday name (e.g., Sun) | | date +%A | The full weekday name (e.g., Sunday) | | date +%b | The abbreviated month name (e.g., Jan) | | date +%B | Locale's full month name (e.g., January) | | date +%C | The current century; like %Y, except omit last two digits (e.g., 20) | | date +%w | day of week (0..6); 0 is Sunday | | Option | Use | |:-------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------| | date +%d | Display the day of the month | | date +%m | Displays the month of year (01 to 12) | | date +%y | Displays last two digits of the year(00 to 99) | | date +%Y | Display four-digit year. | | date +%T | Display the time in 24 hour format as HH:MM:SS | | date +%H | Display the hour | | date +%M | Display the minute | | date +%S | Display the seconds | | date +%V | ISO week number, with Monday as first day of week (01..53) | | date +%P | locale's equivalent of either AM or PM | ## clear Command - Clear the terminal screen. - If you take a detailed look after running the clear command, you'll find that it doesn't really clear the terminal. The tool just shifts the text upwards, out of the viewable area. ### Syntax: ``` clear ```