Lesson4Slides.pptx

www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P Prior Learning Title: Lesson 4: Cholera in Soho A Pattern recognition is finding the I similarities or Date 31/08/24 N patterns. :...

www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P Prior Learning Title: Lesson 4: Cholera in Soho A Pattern recognition is finding the I similarities or Date 31/08/24 N patterns. : How do you think S computational thinking was L applied during COVID-19 outbreak? E Y Be a Griffin  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P A Acquire New New Vocabulary computational I Learning thinking Computational N decomposition thinking allows us to pattern take a complex S problem, understand recognition abstraction L what the problem is generalisation and develop possible algorithm design E solutions. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning The Soho cholera outbreak of I 1854 Covid-19 has had a big impact on our lives since the beginning of 2020, but the N experience of battling disease is not new and we have overcome serious health crises in the past. S In 1854, the Soho district of London was being ravaged by cholera. Hundreds of people were already dead and more were L dying every day. Bacteria had not yet been identified as the cause of cholera. A commonly held view was E that it was ‘miasma’, foul-smelling air, possibly from the highly polluted River Thames, that spread the disease. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Dr John Snow I This was the challenge facing Dr N John Snow. He did not accept the miasma theory and set about proving that S something else was causing the spread of cholera in Soho. Although the term was not used at L the time, Dr Snow applied some of the principles of computational thinking as he set about working E out what was killing people. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Understanding the problem I Dr Snow's first goal was to understand the outbreak. He began by applying decomposition and pattern recognition, N asking questions and gathering as much data as he could and examining it for patterns. Here are some of the vital clues Dr Snow collected: Brewery workers rarely caught cholera. They did not drink S water, preferring to drink the free beer available to them. A workhouse near Soho had 535 inmates but almost no cases of cholera. The workhouse had its own well. L Two women living some distance from Soho died of cholera. They had water from the Broad Street pump in Soho brough to them regularly. E Hundreds of people contracted cholera after spending time in schools, restaurants, businesses and pubs near the Broad Street pump. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Collecting data I Dr Snow also compiled a detailed ‘spot map’ to N record the locations where people died of cholera. The map is an abstraction of the cholera outbreak. Each bar drawn on the map represents a person S who died. Without lots of personal information about each person, Dr Snow was able to recognise patterns in L the locations of infected people. E Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Here are two sections of Dr Snow's map: I Each bar represents a person who died of N cholera. Some houses on Marshall Street have no bars; no one died in these houses. Some houses have four bars. S If we count all the bars that run parallel to the road, we can see that at least 31 people died in the portion of Marshall Street shown here. L Dr Snow's map also recorded the locations of the drinking water pumps, where people collected water. People did not have taps in E their houses. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P A Activity 4.1: Demo where to locate and how to We Do complete I N S L Lots of Written Practice E Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P A Activity 4.1: Dr Snow's cholera map You Do I N S L Lots of Written Practice E Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning The well beneath the Broad Street pump and I 40 Broad Street Further detective work to identify N the cause of the cholera found that a cesspit filled with toilet waste, below 40 Broad Street, was leaking S into the well that the Broad Street pump drew water from. L A child living at 40 Broad Street died of cholera two days before the outbreak. The child’s mother had E been disposing of the child’s toilet waste into the cesspit. This was the cause of the infected pump Y water. Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Dr Snow and epidemiology I Dr Snow saved many lives in Soho, but his greater N contribution to medicine is the algorithm he invented. He is considered to be the ‘father of epidemiology’. S Epidemiology is the study of the distribution (who, when and where) and causes of health and disease L in defined populations. The computational-thinking approach to tackling disease outbreaks that Dr Snow invented can be seen in epidemiologists' E important role in responding to Covid-19. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P A Activity 4.2: Demo where to locate and how to We Do complete I N S L Lots of Written Practice E Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P A Activity 4.2: Dr Snow’s algorithm You Do I N S L Lots of Written Practice E Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Activity 4.2: Dr Snow’s I algorithm Here are some hints to help you with the activity, in no particular order. N Test hypothesis Look for patterns Is the hypothesis correct? S Implement treatment Come up with a hypothesis L Identify infected people Collect data E Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Activity 4.2: Dr Snow’s I algorithm N S Here is one possible solution: L E Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning Generalisation I Dr Snow's algorithm is still relevant today. N When a solution to a problem – like Dr Snow's algorithm – is applied to many similar types of S problems, this is known as generalisation and it is a key technique used in computing. L Computer programmers frequently borrow and adapt code written for a different but similar purpose. Generalisation makes coding much more efficient and E improves productivity. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P AAcquire New Learning East African News I Malaria is the deadliest The most effective way of disease on Earth. It is preventing malaria is to N spread by the Anopheles destroy the mosquito in its mosquito and kills millions breeding grounds by S of people every year. spraying them with insecticide, but insecticides are expensive L and polluting. Mosquito nets can stop people E being bitten in the first place, but not everyone uses them. Y Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions. P A Success I N Grade 1- 3 What role did decomposition criteria Grade 4- 7 What role did abstraction play? Grade 8- 9 What role did pattern recognition play? play? S L E Y  www.Cardinalgriffin.staffs.sch.uk P Reca Recall A p What is Pattern What is abstraction? I recognition? N S Spaced Learnin What is Draw and label the L g decomposition? symbols used in a flow chart. E Long Emb Retrieval Y ed Acquire New Learning Computational thinking allows us to Be a Griffin take a complex problem, understand what the problem is and develop possible solutions.