Nervous System Lesson PDF

What is nervous system? It connects all your body parts and transmits signals from one part to another. It is a system of cells, tissues, and organ that regulates the body’s responses to internal and external stimuli.  Main Divisions of the Nervous System Central Nervous Peripheral...

What is nervous system? It connects all your body parts and transmits signals from one part to another. It is a system of cells, tissues, and organ that regulates the body’s responses to internal and external stimuli.  Main Divisions of the Nervous System Central Nervous Peripheral Nervous System (CNS) System (PNS)  Main Divisions of the Nervous System ✓ Main processing center for the entire nervous system Central Nervous ✓ Command center for the System (CNS) entire body ✓ Processes information and sends instruction to other parts of the body Central Nervous System (CNS) 1. BRAIN - an organ located within the skull that functions as organizer and distributor of information for the body. Central Nervous System (CNS) BRAIN wrapped in three layers 1. The delicate inner layer is the pia mater. 2. The middle layer is the arachnoid, a web-like structure filled with fluid that cushions the brain. 3. The tough outer layer is called the dura mater. Central Nervous System (CNS) 1. BRAIN bathed with a Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is the clear, colorless fluid that protects and cushions your brain and spine. Central Nervous System (CNS) BRAIN - appears gray because of the presence of the cell bodies of approximately 100 billion neurons. - underneath the gray material is the white material, which is made up of bundles of axons. - The mass of the brain is about 1.4 kg only.  PARTS OF THE BRAIN BRAIN - appears gray because of the presence of the cell bodies of approximately 100 billion neurons. - underneath the gray material is the white material, which is made up of bundles of axons. - The mass of the brain is about 1.4 kg only. PARTS OF THE BRAIN CEREBRUM CEREBELLUM BRAIN STEM  PARTS OF THE BRAIN CEREBRUM largest and most noticeable part of the organ and makes up 85% of the human brain. - Cerebral cortex – lined with deep, wrinkled grooves that increase the surface area where learning, intelligence, and judgment occur. It controls the voluntary activities of the body. It shapes the attitudes, emotions, and eventually personality of an individual.  PARTS OF THE BRAIN CEREBRUM divided into two halves: a right half and a left half. The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body, while he left side of the brain controls the right side of the body.  PARTS OF THE BRAIN CEREBELLUM located behind the brain stem. It coordinates the actions of the muscles and maintains balance so that the body can move smoothly, steadily, and efficiently. Balance, equilibrium, and posture are made possible by the cerebellum.  PARTS OF THE BRAIN BRAIN STEM connects the spinal cord to the rest of the brain. It coordinates many survival functions of the body such as breathing, heart rate, sleep, and wakefulness. It is where thalamus and hypothalamus located.  PARTS OF THE BRAIN BRAIN STEM Three (3) distinct regions 1. medulla oblongata – controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat, breathing, and blood pressure. 2. midbrain – processes visual and auditory reflexes 3. pons – helps control respiratory functions. Central Nervous System (CNS) b. Spinal cord is a long bundle of nerves and cells that extends from the lower portion of the brain to the lower back. It serves as a pathway of nerve impulse going to or coming from the brain. Spinal column - A bony column of vertebrae surrounds and protects your spinal cord.  Main Divisions of the Nervous System Central Nervous Peripheral Nervous System (CNS) System (PNS)  Main Divisions of the Nervous System ✓ Connects the central nervous system to the organs and limbs Peripheral Nervous ✓Made up a network of bundled System (PNS) ropelike structures called nerves. ✓ Gathers and delivers information to and from the CNS  2 Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System Somatic Nervous Autonomic Nervous System System Spinal nerves Sympathetic Cranial nerves Parasympathetic 2 Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System Somatic Nervous System associated with voluntary control of body movements 2 Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System Spinal nerves Nerves that carry motor and sensory signals between spinal cord and the body 2 Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System Cranial nerves Nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem 2 Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System associated with involuntary control of body movements 2 Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System Sympathetic Activated when the body is in a dynamic role or stress. 2 Divisions of Peripheral Nervous System Parasympathetic Maintains body functions and restores the body to normal relaxed mode.  1. Multitasking is 3. About 75% of the impossible. brain is made of water. 2. An adult brain weighs 4. The human brain will about 3 pounds. triple its size the first year of life. https://www.dentinstitute.com/22-facts-about-the-brain-world-brain-day/  5. Headaches are caused 7. It is a myth that humans by a chemical reaction. only use 10% of our brain. 6. The human brain 8. Cholesterol is key to contains approximately learning and memory. one hundred billion neurons. https://www.dentinstitute.com/22-facts-about-the-brain-world-brain-day/  9. Dreams are believed to 11. A brain freeze is be a combination of really a warning signal. imagination, physiological factors, and neurological factors. 12. The brain can’t feel pain. 10. Short term memory lasts about 20-30 seconds. https://www.dentinstitute.com/22-facts-about-the-brain-world-brain-day/  13. The human brain 15. Your brain is a gets smaller as we get random thought older. generator. 14. Alcohol effects your brain 16. Your brain uses 20% in ways that include blurred vision, slurred speaking an of the oxygen and unsteady walk, and more. blood in your body. https://www.dentinstitute.com/22-facts-about-the-brain-world-brain-day/  17. Exercise is just as good 19. Brain activity can for your brain as it is for power a small light your body. bulb. 18. The visual areas of 20. Reading out loud uses the brain are in the different brain circuits back. than reading silently. https://www.dentinstitute.com/22-facts-about-the-brain-world-brain-day/  21. Your brain is 22. Sleep is mostly fat. imperative. https://www.dentinstitute.com/22-facts-about-the-brain-world-brain-day/