Lesson-2-Part-1 PDF: Atomic Number & Elements

Week 1 Concept of Atomic Number Ledto the Ledto the Synthesis of New Elements in the Laboratory 1. It is a device that is used to speed up the protons to overcome the repulsion between the protons and the target atomic nuclei by using magnetic and electrical fields. a. Spectroscopy b...

Week 1 Concept of Atomic Number Ledto the Ledto the Synthesis of New Elements in the Laboratory 1. It is a device that is used to speed up the protons to overcome the repulsion between the protons and the target atomic nuclei by using magnetic and electrical fields. a. Spectroscopy b. Particle Decelerator c. Particle Accelerator C. d. Microscope 2. He created a classification of elements based on their atomic weight. a. Rutherford b. Dalton c. Millikan D. d. Mendeleev 3. It is a one-dimensional point which contains a huge mass in an infinitely small space. a. Nucleosynthesis b. Dilation c. Singularity C. d. R-process 4. He noticed that shooting electrons at elements caused them to release x-rays at unique frequencies. a. Mendeleev b. Millikan c. Moseley C. d. Serge 5. He synthesized element with atomic number 43 using a linear particle accelerator. a. Ernest Rutherford b. Ernest Lawrence c. Dmitri Mendeleev B. d. John Dalton  ELEMENTS ▪ made up of tiny particles, the neutron, proton and electron. Do you have any idea how the different elements on the periodic table were formed, known and identified?  Singularity, Inflation, Nucleosynthesis, Recombination One-dimensional point which contains a huge mass in an infinitely small space, The basic homogeneity in distribution of matter in the universe was established as a consequence of the first phase of inflation. Inflation The nuclear fusion and the formation of new nuclei actions in the early stages of development of the universe Nucleosynthesis The formation of the capture of free electrons by the cations in a plasma. Recombination  the number of protons (positively charged particles) in an atom. Henry Gwyn-Jeffreys Moseley Demonstrated that the atomic number, the number of protons in an atom, determines most of the properties of an element. Ernest Rutherford Transmutation reaction a process of transforming one element or isotope into another element.  In 1925, there were four vacancies in the periodic table corresponding to the atomic numbers 43, 61, 85, and 87. Elements with atomic numbers 43 and 85 were synthesized using particle accelerators.  Particle accelerator device that is used to speed up the protons to overcome the repulsion between the protons and the target atomic nuclei by using magnetic and electrical fields.  Elements with atomic numbers greater than 92 (atomic number of uranium) are called transuranium elements They were discovered in the laboratory using nuclear reactors or particle accelerators. Henry Gwyn-Jeffreys Moseley He established the relationship between atomic number and the charge of the atomic nucleus. In 1913, Moseley used Rutherford’s work to advance the understanding of the elements and solve the problem with Mendeleev’s periodic table. He also noticed that the frequency increased by a certain amount when the “positive charge” of the chosen element was higher. method of identifying elements by shooting electrons and looking at x-rays x-ray spectroscopy  Four gaps in the table, These gaps corresponded to the atomic numbers 43, 61, 85, and 87. These elements were later synthesized in the laboratory through nuclear transmutations.  Nuclear Transmutation A reaction involving the transformation of one element or isotope into another element. The first nuclide to be prepared by artificial means was an isotope of oxygen, 17O. The first nuclide to be prepared by artificial means was an isotope of oxygen, 17O.  James Chadwick Previously unknown neutral particle produced along with 12C by the nuclear reaction between 9Be and 4He:  Technetium created by bombardment of molybdenum by deuterons (heavy hydrogen, H12) Emilio Segre and Carlo Perrier The first controlled nuclear chain reaction was carried out in a reactor at the University of Chicago in 1942. 1. He created a classification of elements based on their atomic weight. a. Rutherford b. Dalton c. Millikan D. d. Mendeleev 2. It is a one-dimensional point which contains a huge mass in an infinitely small space. a. Nucleosynthesis b. Dilation c. Singularity C. d. R-process 3. It is a device that is used to speed up the protons to overcome the repulsion between the protons and the target atomic nuclei by using magnetic and electrical fields. a. Spectroscopy b. Particle Decelerator c. Particle Accelerator C. d. Microscope 4. This is known as the origin and production of heavy elements. a. Stellar Nucleosynthesis c. R-Process A. b. Primordial Nucleosynthesis d. Supernova Nucleosynthesis 5. This is known as the origin of light elements. a. Stellar Nucleosynthesis C. b. R-Process c. Primordial Nucleosynthesis d. Supernova Nucleosynthesis 6. He successfully carried out a nuclear transmutation reaction, a process of transforming one element or isotope into another element. a. Chadwick b. Moseley c. Mendeleev D. d. Rutherford 7. It was created by bombardment of molybdenum by deuterons (heavy hydrogen, H12), by Emilio Segre and Carlo Perrier in 1937. a. Oxygen b. Helium c. Technetium C. d. Uranium 8. These are elements with atomic numbers beyond 103. a. Super Heavy Elements c. Lightest Element b. Gases Elements A. d. Halogens 9. He synthesized element with atomic number 43 using a linear particle accelerator. a. Ernest Rutherford b. Ernest Lawrence c. Dmitri Mendeleev B. d. John Dalton 10. He noticed that shooting electrons at elements caused them to release x- rays at unique frequencies. a. Mendeleev b. Millikan c. Moseley C. d. Serge 11. He created a classification of elements based on their atomic weight. a. Rutherford b. Dalton c. Millikan D. d. Mendeleev 12. It is a device that is used to speed up the protons to overcome the repulsion between the protons and the target atomic nuclei by using magnetic and electrical fields. a. Spectroscopy b. Particle Decelerator c. Particle Accelerator C. d. Microscope 13. Discovered the neutron a. Chadwick b. Moseley c. Mendeleev A. d. Rutherford 14. Method of identifying elements by shooting electrons and looking at x- rays a. Spectroscopy b. Particle Decelerator A. c. Particle Accelerator d. Microscope 15. He established the relationship between atomic number and the charge of the atomic nucleus. a. Chadwick b. Moseley c. Mendeleev B. d. Rutherford