Lesson 1: What Is Philosophy PDF

WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY? QUESTIONS and ANSWERS * Have you asked your self, “Why am I feeling this way ?” (cause) * How can I overcome it? (process) * How it will affect my life and the people around me (consequence)? PRIMARY QUESTIONS OF PHILOSOPHY  NATURE AND FUNCTIONS O F PHILOSOPHY ...

WHAT IS PHILOSOPHY? QUESTIONS and ANSWERS * Have you asked your self, “Why am I feeling this way ?” (cause) * How can I overcome it? (process) * How it will affect my life and the people around me (consequence)? PRIMARY QUESTIONS OF PHILOSOPHY  NATURE AND FUNCTIONS O F PHILOSOPHY  PHILOSOPH  from a combination of two Greek words, Y which are 'Philo' and 'Sophia'. 'Philo' means 'love' and ‘Sophia' means 'wisdom’  it means 'love of wisdom', 'pursuit of knowledge and truth', 'systematic investigation’  PHILOSOPHY is…  considered as the “mother of all sciences”  is a way of life  it is a science  is a persistent quest for knowledge and truth  ORIGIN O F PHILOSOPHY * Greece is the birthplace of philosophy in the West. * Thales is the Father of Philosophy in the Western civilization. * Thales was the first individual who tried to reduce the multiplicity in to a unity; everything is related to each other. * Thales' approach highlights the difference between religion and philosophy. Religion rests on faith while philosophy rests on reason.  PHILOSOPHICAL ACTIVITY Philosophicalactivityis characterizedbythree things: * Philosophy involves the widest generalizations * Philosophy is all about fundamental(foundation). A fundamental is the root cause that explains almost everything in a given context. * Philosophy is driven by the desire to integrate things in to a one coherent whole. - Holistic  BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY Provide description of being and Concerned with the standard of knowing PHILOSOPHY the good COGNITIVE NORMATIVE BRANCHES BRANCHES METAPHYSICS LOGIC EPISTEMOLOGY ETHICS POLITICS AESTHETICS BRANCHES O F PHILOSOPHY * To answer “Where am I”” Metaphysics- deals with questions regarding reality and existence. Branches o f PhiLosophy * Toanswer “Howdo I know it?” Epistemology- study of the nature and means of human knowledge. Logic- science and art of correct thinking and reasoning Branches o f PhiLosophy * Toanswer “Whatshould I do?” Ethics or Morality- deals with human actions whether good or bad, right or wrong, acceptable or unacceptable, justifiable or unjustifiable. Aesthetics- deals with the nature of art/ objective judgment of beauty Politics- deals with the principles of a proper social system.  PRACTICAL USES O F PHILOSOPHY 1. For critical analysis and interpretation of concepts, definitions, arguments and problems 2. Improves problem- solving and decision – making 3. Develop clean and adequate articulation of ideas 4. Wisdom- application of knowledge/ sound choices and judgments 5. Self- development TWO TYPES OF THINKING THAT IS USED IN PHILOSOPHY: 1.PARTIAL THINKING 2.HOLISTIC THINKING  PartiaL Point o f View * looking at the situation only in one part and not seeing the whole situation * defined as a way or a method how one sees or perceives the reality or a phenomenon * a perspective that is based on one of the component parts of a whole. * focuses on specific aspects of the situation 1  HoListic Perspective * seeing the situation as a whole by connecting its parts and looking through the bird's eye view * looking at the thing or person from various perspectives * learning and seeing how a thing is related to everything else * Requires to have an open mindset 1  REFLECTION - requires a person to be willing to examine one’s thoughts, feelings, and actions and to learn more about one’s life and experiences.