The First Voyage Around the World Lesson 1 PDF

Homonhon Mazau Cebu Mactan Kipit Palawan Sarangani The First Voyage Around the World Antonio Pigafetta Chronicler PRIMO VIAGGIO INTORNO AL MONDO AN+ UnN+ PG+LLYG+ PI...

Homonhon Mazau Cebu Mactan Kipit Palawan Sarangani The First Voyage Around the World Antonio Pigafetta Chronicler PRIMO VIAGGIO INTORNO AL MONDO AN+ UnN+ PG+LLYG+ PIkot+ N+ DIG+DiG+ John Henry Briones  Contents Content and Contextual Analysis Age of Discovery and Exploration The Crown Explorers The Chronicler and the Hero From Tagbo Museum The First Circumnavigation  Content and Contextual Analysis Content Analysis Contextual Analysis For making sense of recorded Study of social, political, human communication. economic, philosophical, religious, and aesthetic *Inferences (producer, conditions that were in place meaning, audience) and at the time and place when conclusion the text was created.  Age of Discovery and Exploration A period in European history in which several extensive overseas exploration journeys took place. Demarcation Line Treaty of Tordesillas (June 7, 1494)- Resolve issue over newly discovered lands (East = Portugal; West = Spain) Treaty of Zaragoza (April 22, 1529)- Moluccas Issue  Factors that led to European exploration 1. Economic Factor a) Trade of luxury goods (Example: Spices) Trivia b) Commercial routes Henry the 2. Scientific and Technological Progress Navigator’s action a) Advance in Carthography b) Improved ship designs sparked the c) New navigational tools exploration (Example: Compass) 3. Quest to unknown and distant lands The Three G Motives a) God Spreading faith b) Glory Fame for their actions c) Gold Wealth and riches  The Crown Explorers Name: Fernão de Magalhães (Portuguese) Fernando de Magallanes (Spanish) Born: Sabrosa, Portugal Charge: King Charles I Flagship: Trinidad Trivia Magellan approached King Manuel of Portugal on 3 separate occasions to seek his support for a westward voyage. The king From The Mariner's Museum Collection refused his petition repeatedly. Name: Juan Sebastian Elcano Born: Guetaria, Spain Charge: King Charles I Flagship: Victoria Legacy: A Spanish Navy’s training vessel is named after him. Trivia Upon his return to Spain, the King presented him with a coat of arms that contained a globe with the motto: Primus circumdedisti me “You went around me first” From Imprenta de Luis Tasso, 1852-1854  The Chronicler and the Hero Name: Antonio Pigafetta Born: Vicenza, Italy Status: Patrician of Vicenza and Member of the Order of the Knights of Rhodes Legacy: He made 23 hand drawn colored map Trivia Pigafetta narrowly escaped death twice in the Philippines. 1. Battle of Mactan From Marasca Collection, Biblioteca 2. Feast prepared by Humabon Bertoliana of Vicenza Name: Cilapulapu Lapulapu Known: Chief of Matan First Filipino Hero “Most of what is known about Lapulapu in recent times was embedded in folk myths and legends, but heavily loaded with nationalist discourses.” Gerona, 2016 Here’s a documentary about Lapulapu produced by i-Witness TheFive-ship Fleet From Tagbo Museum 1. Trinidad (flagship) was named after the Holy Trinity 2. Santiago (smallest) was adopted from the name of the Patron Saint of Spain 3. Concepcion was named after the Immaculate Conception 4. San Antonio was named after the Portuguese saint, Anthony of Lisbon 5. Victoria was a Spanish carrack or nao. It was named after the church of Santa María de la Victoria de Triana Magellan and the space race 16 Marso 1521. Mula sa Guam, tumuloy ang ekspedisyong Magallanes-Elcano sa dako ng Samar 1 ngunit nag-angkla sa katubigan ng pulo ng Suluan 2. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 17 Marso 1521. Tumuntong sila sa pulo ng Homonhon 3 at dito ibinaba ang mga may sakit. Pinawi ng mga batis ng pulo ang uhaw ng mga miyembro ng ekspedisyon at nagkatay ng baboy damo. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 18 Marso 1521. Natuklasan sa Homonhon ng ating mga ninuno mula sa Suluan ang kaawa-awang ekspedisyon. Nakadaupang- palad ni Magallanes ang pinuno ng Suluan at hinilangan ito ng maiinom at makakain. Agad na nag-abot ang pinuno ng dala-dala nila noon. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 22 Marso 1521. Bumalik ang ating mga ninuno sa Homonhon dala-dala ang dagdag na panustos. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 25 Marso 1521. Nilisan ng ekspedisyon ang Homonhon at naglayag sa katubigan ng Hinunangan 4 at Gibusong 5. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 27 Marso 1521. Gabi, napuna ng ekspedisyon ang silab sa isang pulo na ang pangalan ay Mazaua (Limasawa) 6. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 28 Marso 1521. Pinatuloy ni Colambu, raha ng Mazaua, ang ekspedisyon. Nagkataon namang maalam siya sa Malay, wikang katutubo ni Enrique, tagasilbi ni Magallanes. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. From Tagbo Museum 29 Marso 1521. Nakilala ni Siaui, raha ng Butuan, si Magallanes. Nakipagsandugo si Colambu kay Magallanes. 31 Marso 1521. Pinayagan ni Colambu ang pagdaraos ng misa sa Limasawa para sa Pasko ng Pagkabuhay ni Hesus. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 4 Abril 1521. Gabay-gabay ni Colambu, tumulak sa Leyte ang ekspedisyon patungong Cebu 7 ; narating kalaunan ang Canigao 8. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 5 Abril 1521. Natanaw ang lupain ng Baybay 9 , nagpalipas ng gabi sa pulo ng Gatighan 10 , kumain ng kabog (uri ng dambuhalang paniki), at namangha sa iba't ibang hayop sa pulong ito. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 6 Abril 1521. Sumampa si Colambu sa Trinidad sa may Ponson 11 , Poro 12 , and Ticobon 13. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 7 Abril 1521. Narating ng ekspedisyon ang Cebu 14. Ipinakilala ni Colambu si Magallanes kay Humabon, ang raha ng Cebu. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 8 Abril 1521. Nangako si Magallanes ng proteksyong militar at ipinahayag ang kapangyarihan ni Humabon sa rehiyon. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 9 Abril 1521. Nakipagpulong si Humabon at kaniyang konseho sa mga kinatawan ni Magallanes. Nagkasundo ang mga panig na susunod ang mga banyaga sa patakaran ni Humabon. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 10 Abril 1521.Pinahintulutan ni Humabon si Magallaness na ilibing sa Cebu ang dalawa sa yumao nitong tauhan; binasbasan ni Padre Pedro de Valderrama, kasamang pari ng ekspedisyon, ang libingan at tinayuan ng krus. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 13 Abril 1521.Naghanda ng kubol sa binasbasang libingan bilang paghahanda sa pagbibinyag Kristiyano. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 14 Abril 1521. Maraming bininyagan si Padre Valderrama; nahumaling si Juana, asawa ni Humabon, sa imahen ng Santo Niño, na iniregalo rito ni Magallanes kalaunan. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 26 Abril 1521. Nakarating kay Humabon ang di pagkilala ni Lapulapu, pinuno ng Mactan 15 , sa Hari ng Espanya. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 27 Abril 1521. Tumulak pa- Mactan si Magallanes. Isang labanan ang nangyari, na napagwagian ni Lapulapu. Napatay si Magallanes dito. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 29 Abril 1521. Kinumbinsi ng mga taga- Mactan si Humabon na paslangin ang mga nalalabing kasamahan ni Magallanes. Sinulsulan ni Enrique si Humabon upang makatakas siya sa ekspedisyon. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 1 Mayo 1521. Sa isang piging, pinaslang ng mga tauhan ni Humabon ang ilan sa mga kasapi ng ekspedisyon. Agad na tumakas papalayo ng Cebu ang nalalabing mga kasapi ng ekspedisyon at narating ang katubigan ng Bohol 16. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 2 Mayo 1521. Sa laot ng Bohol, itinalaga si Juan Carvalho na kapitan-heneral ng ekspedisyon lulan ng Trinidad at ipinag- utos ang pagsunog sa Concepcion. Naging kapitan si Gonzalo Gomez de Espinosa ng Victoria. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. Mayo 1521. Dumaan ang nalalabing mga barko sa Panilongon 17. Makalipas ang ilang araw, narating nila ang Kipit 18. Tinanggap sila ni Calanao, raha ng Kipit, at nakipagsandugo kay Carvalho. Mula sa Kipit, tumuloy sila sa Cagayan (ngayo'y Mapun, Tawi-Tawi) 19. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. “Naninirahan ang mga táong itim tulad ng nása Etiopia” Mayo-Hunyo 1521. Tumulak pahilaga ang ekspedsiyon at narating ang Palawan 20 , ngunit tinaboy sila ng mga taga-rito. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. Hunyo 1521. Lumipat sila sa Dyguasam 21. Tinanggap sila ng mga taga-rito ng buong giliw at nakilala si Bastiam, isang Kristiyanong mangangalakal na taga- Maluku at maalam sa Portuges. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 21 Hunyo 1521. Kahit walang tagapagsalin at astronomo, tumulak patungong Brunei ang ekspedisyon sa pamamagitan ng pagbaybay sa Palawan at Bolava 22. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 29 Hulyo 1521. Sa katubigan ng Brunei, nakasagupa ng ekspedisyon ang malaking armada ng prinsipe ng Luzon (Siya si Raha Matanda ng Maynila.) Nahuli man ang prinsipe, pinalaya siya matapos suhulan si Carvalho; ikinulong si Carvalho at tinanggal sa posisyon. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 30 Setyembre 1521. Desperado nang makakain, binihag ng ekspedisyon si Tuan Mahamud, pinuno ng Palawan, sa katubigan ng dulo ng Palawan 23. 1 Oktubre 1521. Nakipagkaibigan si Tuan Mahamud kay Espinosa. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. Oktubre 1521. Dumaan ang ekspedisyon sa Sulu 24 at Taghima 25.Tumungo sila sa katubigan ng Cauit 26 ,Subanin 27 at Monoripa 28. Natanaw nila ang Sultanato ng Maguindanao na inilarawan ni Pigafetta bilang “malaking lungsod”29. Narating ng ekspedisyon ang Benaian, isang ungos ng Mindanao 30. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. “Ang mga tao ng islang (Monoripa) iyon ay nakatirá sa mga bangka at hindi namumuhay sa ibáng paraan.” 26 Oktubre 1521. Dinanas ng ekspedisyon ang “malakas na bagyo” sa katubigan ng Batulaki 31. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World.  27 Oktubre 1521. Tumungo ang ekspedisyon sa Candighar 32 at dumaong sa pulo ng Sarangani 33 ; 21 sapilitang kumuha ng piloto sa Sarangani na nagturo sa lokasyon ng Maluku, ang kanilang pinakalayunin. National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World. 28 Oktubre 1521. Nilisan ang teritoryo ng Pilipinas patungong Maluku National Historical Commission of the Philippines. (2021). The Philippines and the First Circumnavigation of the World.  The Aftermath The Ships 1. Santiago was lost at sea (wrecked in a storm) 2. San Antonio abandoned the expedition and returned to Spain 3. Concepcion was burned by the crew 4. Trinidad was captured by the Portuguese The Crew 36 men returned to Spain (out of 265, more or less) *18 crew from Victoria *13 in Portuguese ships from Cape Verde *5 survivors from Trinidad (Pioneers in Australasia, 2011) Note: The expedition is composed of multinational crew The Cargo The cargo (381 sacks of cloves) brought by Victoria pay the whole cost of the expedition. It also left a profit worth 500 gold ducats. The Account Four manuscript versions of Pigafetta’s journal survive 1. An Italian version at the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan. 2. 2 French versions at the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris. 3. A French version referred as the Nancy-Libri-Phillipps- Beinecke-Yale codex at Yale University Pigafetta’s language English Pagan language Ala maritata Married Woman babay ALa mano Hand camat ALa galina Chicken monoch Vno One Uzza  Date Event Place Present Location March 16, 1521 Reached the isle of Zamal. Zamal Samar Lands in Humunu Humunu (Homonhon) March 17, 1521 Pigafetta-Humunu Samar Albo-Isla de Gada Watering Place Mafra-Aguada of good signs Magellan embraces the Humunu March 18, 1521 local chief and requests Samar (Homonhon) food and drinks Ancestors return to Humunu March 22, 1521 Humunu with food and Samar (Homonhon) drinks  Leaves Humunu Four small islands. Hinunangan and passed amidst Cenalo, (Southern Leyte) March 25, 1521 four small islands Huinanghar, Gibusong Island Ibusson, and (Loreto, Dinagat Abarien Island) Notices a fire in an Identified as Limasawa, March 27, 1521 island Mazaua Southern Leyte Colambu welcomes Limasawa, March 28, 1521 Mazaua the expedition Southern Leyte Rahaj Siaui meets Mazau Magellan Limasawa, March 29, 1521 Casi-casi Colambu and Southern Leyte Sandugo Magellan enter into “to be brothers” a blood compact  1st recorded mass Limasawa, March 31, 1521 Mazau in the Philippines Southern Leyte The expedition April 4, 1521 Mazau-Zubu Leyte-Cebu leaves for Cebu The expedition April 7, 1521 Zubu Cebu arrives in Zubu Humabon and his council meets April 8, 1521 Zubu Cebu Magellan’s emissaries Magellan proclaims Humabon April 9, 1521 Zubu Cebu sovereign in the region  Humabon allows April 10, 1521 Magellan to bury Zubu Cebu his men The King of Zubu April 14, 1521 was then baptized Zubu Cebu as a Christian Magellan was killed April 27, 1521 in the Battle of Matan Cebu Mactan Humabon invites May 1, 1521 the remaining crew Zubu Cebu to a banquet Burning of the May 2, 1521 Bohol Bohol Concepcion  Calanao receives Chipit Labason Zamboanga the expedition del Norte May 1521 Mapun ,Tawi-Tawi Proceeded to Caghaian Caghaian The land of May-June 1521 Pulaoan Palawan promise Encountered a large Off the shores of July 29, 1521 armada of the Burne Brunei prince of Luzon September- Encountered a Cape of Palawan October 1521 small flotilla of junk October 1521 Left the Philippines 1. About Antonio Pigafetta. (2021, March 20). The Philippine Diary Project. https://philippinediaryproject.com/about-the-philippine-diary-project/about-the-diaries/about- antonio-pigafetta/ 2. Age Of Discovery. (2019). Mariners Museum. https://exploration.marinersmuseum.org/age-of- discovery/ 3. Camagay, M. L. T., Ancheta, J. A. C., Bernal, M. S., Guiang, F. J. P. A., Malban, F. J. M., Ramos II, D. P. G. 2018. Unraveling the Past. Quezon City, Vibal Publishing House, Inc. 4. Candelaria, J. L. P., Alphora, V. C. and Kunting, A. (2021). A Course Module for Readings in Philippine History. Quezon City, REX Printing Company, Inc. 5. Contextual Analysis. (n.d.). University of Nebraska-Lincoln. https://english.unl.edu/sbehrendt/StudyQuestions/ContextualAnalysis.html 6. Gerona, D. (2016). Ferdinand Magellan: The Armada de Maluco and the European Discovery of the Philippines. Spanish Galleon Publisher. 7. Johnston, H. (1913). Pioneers in Australasia. United Kingdom: Blackie and son, limited. 8. de Oliveira, F. (2021). Another report about Magellan’s circumnavigation of the world. (Wionzek, K- H, Ed.; Sastre, P. Trans.; Revised and expanded edition). National Historical Commission of the Philippines. 9. Pigafetta, A. (1525). Journal of Magellan's Voyage. General Collection, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University. https://collections.library.yale.edu/catalog/33074441 10. _________. (2007). First Voyage Around the World (1519-1522): An Account of Magellan’s Expedition (T. J. Cachey, Ed.). University of Toronto Press. 11. Philippine First Circumnavigation Map. (2021). National Quincentennial Committee. https://www.nqc.gov.ph/en/map/ 12. Rhuaya, Rhobie Alburo. (2020, April 7). Interesting facts about the Philippines’ first hero and the battle that he led to victory. https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/305850/interesting-facts-about- the-philippines-first-hero-and-the-battle-that-he-led-to-victory 13. Using Content Analysis. (n.d.). Colorado State University. https://writing.colostate.edu/guides/guide.cfm?guideid=61 1. Pigafetta, A. Unang paglalayag paikot ng daigdig (P. Y., Kimpo, trans). Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1XAziWDBqFvZeKzxLahNJR9akFwQ_HQ8H/view (Original work published in 1525) 1. 16th century Portuguese Caravel [Online image]. International Appalachian Trail. https://iat- sia.org/2015/03/03/early-portuguese-exploration-of-north-america/ 2. Map of the Magellan-Elcano Circumnavigation [Online image]. (2021). Tagbo Museum. https://tagbo.nqc.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/MagellanElcanoExpeFull.jpeg 3. The Armada de Maluku [Online image]. (2021). Tagbo Museum. https://tagbo.nqc.gov.ph/wp- content/uploads/2021/05/ArmadaDeMalukuFull.jpg 4. The Chiefs of These Islands [Online image]. (2021). Tagbo Museum. https://tagbo.nqc.gov.ph/wp- content/uploads/2021/05/ChiefsFull.jpg 5. Highlights of the Philippine Route of the First Circumnavigation [Online image]. (2021). Tagbo Museum. https://tagbo.nqc.gov.ph/downloads/ 6. Pigafetta, A. (1525) Journal of Magellan's Voyage [Maps]. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/2021667606/ 1. National Quincentennial Committee. (Producer). (2020, July 28). Theorizing the Visayan Food Magellan Possibly Ate [Webinar]. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7IYDKr44b8 2. Who “discovered” the Philippines? Pigafetta’s First Voyage Around the World by Magellan [Audio Podcast]. (2021). PODKAS. https://www.podkas.org/primarysources-u/pigafetta