Understanding Music of the 20th Century Lesson PDF

 WHAT IS THE MUSIC OF THE 20 TH CENTURY? Marked the invention of the gramophone records. Only the elites or the rich could listen to live classical music concerts in theaters. Phonograph was invented and mass produced in 1890's...

 WHAT IS THE MUSIC OF THE 20 TH CENTURY? Marked the invention of the gramophone records. Only the elites or the rich could listen to live classical music concerts in theaters. Phonograph was invented and mass produced in 1890's Radio Broadcasting first done in 1920 Introduced the so-called altered chords and extended chords  IMPRESSIONISM WHAT IS IMPRESSIONISM? Impressionism is a movement in painting that started in France in the 1860s. It is characterized by visual impression of the movement in terms of the shifting effect of color and light. Ex: nature’s landscape  IMPRESSIONISM IN MUSIC Impressionist in music may be described generally as having refinement, delicacy, and vagueness. The rhythm of impressionism music is irregular in terms of phrases. It avoids the traditional harmonic progression. It has unresolved dissonance. This type of music project hazy atmosphere and dreamlike quality. Their music are those that have sounds that “call forth such images as moonlight, waterfalls, and fireworks”.  - is the lack of agreement and consistency in the progress of harmony in music. - derived from the word “modal”, a general term used with reference to melodic and harmonic formations based on the church modes, as opposed to those based on the major and minor modes (tonality). Claude Debussy Maurice Ravel  born in France on August 22, 1862 Famous for his works namely “L’efant prodigue”, “Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun”, “La Mer”, “Nocturne” and “Images”. Died on th 25th o March 1918 due to rectal cancer, but died with his great Achille-Claude Debussy (1862-1918) compositions like “Engulfed Cathedral” and “Claire de Lune”.  He used special melodic passages which at times did not have specific tonality or key center. He often used parallel chords which are just really chordal melodies and enriched unisons. The use of bitonal chord; whole tones and pentatonic scales. He used modulations randomly Achille-Claude Debussy (1862-1918)  born on March 7, 1875 took his first piano lesson under Henry Ghys (his music teaher) began his career in the Paris Conservatiore on Novermber 4, 1889. his audition piece was an excerpt from Chopin’s Concerto. Joseph Maurice Ravel famous for his works namely “Bolero”, (1875-1937) “La Valse”, “Ma merel’o” What made them unique in their compositions is the use of the whole-tone scale, which is observable in their compositions.  called as “Claude Debussy of the Philippines” one of the 20th century composer Filipino art music composer It is the arrangement of pitches in the scale which are separated by a whole step in contradistinction to the chromatic scale which consists of half steps (also known as semitones) and the various diatonic scales, such as the major and minor scales, which are different arrangements of whole and half steps. Example:  Expressionism is a modernist movement that started in Germany at the beginning of the 20th century and was initially an expression in painting and poetry. This evokes moods and ideas which the artist seeks to express meaning or emotional experiences rather than the physical reality. In relation to music, expressionism conveys true emotions in exaggeration through the application of atonality and dissonance or lack of agreement and consistency of music. One of the famous composers who applied this technique in composition was Arnold Schoenberg. A great American composer born in Austria on September 13, 1874 and died in Los Angeles, California, USA on July 13, 1951. He was also known for his radical sound of music. He also completely abandoned tonality. One of his most popular expressionist composition was the “Pierrot Lunaire” in which he applied the style that we call Sprechstimme.  “Mondestrunken” Excerpt on the first part of the “Pierrot Lunaire”  Electronic Music What is electronic music? It is the process of creating music using computers in synthesizing or producing digital audio signals. It could be played at a slow speed, fast speed, and can be forwarded or rewound. It came about as a result of the transition from traditional music instruments and the use of recording materials like vinyl records, compact cassettes, and compact discs to the current digital technology in music and recording  He is considered as the “Father of the Electronic Music”. He is a French composer who spent most of his career and life in the United States of America. He was the proponent of the word “organized sound”, which means grouping of rhythm and timbers to define music itself. He added one layer of sound to the polyphony to create a new form of sound. Edgar Victor Achille Charles Varese (1883-1965) EDGAR VICTOR ACHILLE CHARLES VARESE (1883-1965) Example Work What are synthesized sounds? It is considered as sounds generated by electronic signals of different frequencies. Sound can be modified by the use of sound synthesizers. The synthesizers use different programmed algorithms to generate sound to a different waveform. It is a combination of polyphonic tones and another layer sound and mixed to produce a different kind of sound.  What is a canon? It is a musical piece which consists of two or more voices or instruments that are being played or started at different intervals. A round is also a canon which is a repeated song followed by another voice id which the first voice started. The canon in D major is performed by three singers or instrumentalists. This starts with first singer or instrument player and at a certain period, followed by the second performer of the same musical piece from starting point, and followed again by the third performer of the same musical piece in a clockwise performance.  Chance Music What is Chance music? Musician needs to think of a source to get the desired melody from available resources.  Get to know John Cage An American Avant-garde composer, was the son of an inventor. He was considered as the “Father of Indeterminism”. To escape being influenced by his own likes and dislikes he then sought to remove the process from his John Cage (1912-1992) composition, often relying on coin flips and dice rolls to decide where or how to place a certain note. Performance Task No. 1 THANK YOU FOR LISTENING! ☺