Lacrimal System Lecture PDF

THE LACRIMAL SYSTEM Assistant Professor Dr Arif Younis Baletey University of Duhok KRG LACRIMAL SYSTEM / OBJECTIVES To understand: * The source of production of tears ! * The causes , signs, symptoms and the treatment of dry & watery eyes.  SECRETO MOTOR PATHWAY sup...

THE LACRIMAL SYSTEM Assistant Professor Dr Arif Younis Baletey University of Duhok KRG LACRIMAL SYSTEM / OBJECTIVES To understand: * The source of production of tears ! * The causes , signs, symptoms and the treatment of dry & watery eyes.  SECRETO MOTOR PATHWAY superiorsalivatory  fibers From the lacrimatory brain stem nucleolus in the brain stem travel in nervus intermedius to the facial nerve  The geniculate ganglion of facial nerve give rises to the greater O petrosal nerve  Deep petrosal nerve join to form nerve to pterygoid canal  Relay in to pterygo palatine  ganglion Then postganglionic fibers run C with the zygomatic branch of V2 O which anastomoses with zygomzticotemporal branch and O lacrimal nerve reaching to the gland ! DRY EYES / TEAR DYSFUNCTION EE SYNDROM o 0 is  Éi CAUSES OF DRY EYE Lipid +Aqueous (water)layer  Tear glands are unable to +mucous produce enough tears to Electrolytes(salt)Na ,K, CL keep the eyes moist! +proteins TYPES Evaporative : Aqueous deficient : 1-Environmental /low humidity 1-Hormones / testosterone level ,hot climate 2-Sensory block / Lasik 2-Poor blink / computer users 3-Medications/ anti allergic 3-MGD 4-Autoimmune/ inflammation 4-Contact lens  CAUSES  Tear film dysfunction Oil , water and mucus  Systemic & autoimmune diseases  Eyelid disorders s S  DIAGNOSIS corner flounerite L.in nesneen bytbfeew  Examination by slit lamp  Tear break- up time ( assess 10 seconds is normal range  evaporative dry www eye )fluorescein in the sac / no blinking it Over 10 mm   Schirmer s test( amount of tears produced on the strip )  Rose Bengal ( stain areas of poor protection) 580  SIGNS & SYMPTOMS what happens when tears do not lubricate eyes ? when you miss any component of the tear film Blurry & visual distress with discomfort Irritation , burning. Redness Light sensitivity & itchy Pain ( cells falling off cornea) TREATMENT Treat the underlying cause Replace tears(artificial tears) Conserve tears Prevent tear evaporation (heat ,air- conditioning ,windy weather, graves ,myopic eyes) Add humidity to the environment  WATERY EYES on  Tears are necessary to keep eyes lubricated and to ensure dirt, dust and other debris stays out.  But sometimes, tear production can increase to unnecessary or even uncomfortable levels.  most cases of tearing or watery eyes are caused by irritation or inflammation on the eye's surface. WATERY EYE d  Pinkeye (Conjunctivitis)&keratitis  Dry Eyes  Foreign body 14  Congenital Dacryocystitis 1  Ocular allergy  Blocked Tear Duct  Eyelid Problems  Styes  Eyelash Problems  Blepharitis  Bell’s palsy, Sjogren’s syndrome, chronic sinus infections, thyroid problems, and rheumatoid arthritis. OBSTRUCTION OF TEAR DRAINAGE (ADULT) DCR OPERATION / C OPERATED ECTROPION O Thanks for your attention WAN