Biology 202 Fall 2024 Lecture Exam 2 PDF

**Lecture Exam 2** **BIOLOGY 202 FALL 2024** **MATCHING 1 point** **Questions 1- 18 refer to picture.** [Match] the direction each ion normally passively moves. 1. Ca^+2^ A. Space XY 2. K^+^ B. Space Y X 3. Na^+^ **Questions 4---18 Use the following choices.** [ **Effectors Neurotransmit...

**Lecture Exam 2** **BIOLOGY 202 FALL 2024** **MATCHING 1 point** **Questions 1- 18 refer to picture.** [Match] the direction each ion normally passively moves. 1. Ca^+2^ A. Space XY 2. K^+^ B. Space Y X 3. Na^+^ **Questions 4---18 Use the following choices.** [ **Effectors Neurotransmitter Receptor**] A. Adrenal Medulla A. ACh A. Adrenergic B. SA node B. Epi B. Muscarinic C. Skel. Mus C. Norepi C. Nicotinic D. Vent. Myocardium **Match** the labeled structure on the picture to the correct choice if this is a **neuromuscular junction**. 4. **Effector** 5. **Neurotransmitter** 6. **Receptor** **Match** [ ] the labeled structure on the picture to the correct choices if this synapse is **adrenal medulla**. 7. Effector 8. Neurotransmitter 9. Receptor **Match** [ ] the labeled structure on the picture to the correct choices if this synapse **decreases heart rate**. 10. Effector 11. Neurotransmitter 12. Receptor ***[Match]*** the labeled structure on the picture to the correct choices if this synapse **increases heart rate**. 13. Effector 14. Neurotransmitter 15. Receptor **Match** the labeled structure on the picture to the correct choices if this synapse **increases ventricular force**. 16. Effector 17. Neurotransmitter 18. Receptor **Match** the molecule to the correct description. 19. Actin A. Binds with myosin head. 20. Myosin B. Thin filament binds calcium ions. 21. Troponin C. Thin filament blocks myosin attachment. 22. Tropomyosin D. Thick filament produces power stroke. [\ ] **Match** the athletic activity to the predominate type of metabolism. 23. 1600m run A. Creatine PO~4~ 24. 100-meter run B. Glycolysis 25. Marathon C. Oxidative metabolism **Questions 25---33 refer to flow chart depicted. Ovals are hormones.** **Match** the gland to the correct letter. 26. Anterior pituitary 27. Hypothalamus 28. Peripheral gland **Match** the hormone to its position in the flow chart. 29. FSH 30. GnRH 31. GRH 32. T**~3~** & T**~4~** 33. TSH **Match** the channel description to the lettered sections of the **graph.** 34. Open VG Ca^+2^ channels 35. Open VG K^+^ channels 36. Open Na^+^ channels **Match** **CVS effector** to correct variable (healthy resting conditions) 37. Arterioles A. Heart Rate 38. Elastic arteries B. Pressure "storage" 39. Ventricular myocardium C. Stroke Volume 40. SA Node D. TPR 41. Veins E. Volume "storage" **Match** 42. End Diastolic Volume A. Afterload 43. Diastolic BP B. Prelaod **Match** 44. Cardiac output A. Blood volume ejected during one cardiac cycle. 45. End diastolic volume B. Blood volume ejected in one minute. 46. Heart rate C. Blood volume in ventricles just before contraction. 47. Stroke volume D. Number of heart beats/minute **MULTIPLE CHOICE** 48. Which of the following process(es) enable me to lift different weight objects (pencil or full dew-bucket)? A. Autonomic contractions B. Motor unit recruitment C. Tetanic contractions D. B & C 49. Given that the smallest unit of skeletal muscle contraction is a motor unit, which of the following is true? A. there are fewer motor neurons than skeletal muscle fibers. B. there are fewer muscle fibers than motor neurons. C. the number of muscle fibers and motor neurons is equal. 50. Physiologically, what enables sustained skeletal muscle contraction (tetanus)? E. ACh continuously binds to nicotinic receptors. F. High frequency of action potentials from motor neurons. G. Release of ACh exceeds capacity of AChase. H. Release of SR Ca^+2^ exceeds capacity of SR APTase. I. All of these 51. Which type of muscle fiber can use fatty acids as an energy source? J. Fast twitch B. Slow twitch 52. The process of excitation-contraction coupling begins when\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ A. Ca^+2^ is released of from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. B. T tubules depolarize. C. An action potential develops in the motor end plate. D. Cross-bridge cycling starts. 53. Where are the receptors for peptide (protein) hormones? A. DNA receptor complex B. nuclear membrane C. plasma membrane D. peptide chain 54. The posterior pituitary A. has a direct neuron connection with of the hypothalamus. B. is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus. C. produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. D. B & C 55. The anterior pituitary A. has a direct connection with neurons of the hypothalamus. B. is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus. C. produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. D. B & C 56. If a baby gets cold during afternoon nap time, which hormone levels rise? K. Cortisol B. Growth Hormone C. PTH D. T~3~ & T~4~ 57. Which of the following hormones **[decrease]** if someone takes estrogen-progesterone oral birth control. L. FSH B. GnRH C. LH D. all of these E. None 58. What happens if fluid intake increases dramatically over a short time frame? M. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) secretion increases. N. ADH secretion decreases. O. there is no effect on ADH secretion. 59. Which of the following would you expect to see if plasma ~T3~ & T**~4~** are abnormally low? A. Decreased metabolic rate and feeling cold. B. Decreased level of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) C. Increased level of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) D. All of these E. A and C 60. Calcitonin action \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. A. regulates the calcium level in blood. B. is balanced by the action of parathyroid hormone. C. increases the deposit of calcium in bone. D. all of these. 61. What is the normal sequence in which the chambers of the heart contract? A. 1st right atrium, 2nd left atrium, 3rd right ventricle, 4th left ventricle. B. 1st both atria, 2nd both ventricles C. 1st right side, 2nd left side. D. 1st right atrium, 2nd right ventricle, 3rd left atrium 4th left ventricle. 62. How does systemic circulation differ from pulmonary circulation? A. Systemic pressure is greater than pulmonary pressure. B. Systemic pressure is less than pulmonary pressure. C. Systemic volume is greater than pulmonary volume. D. Systemic volume is less than pulmonary volume. E. A & C 63. Place the following structures of the BP negative feedback pathway in the correct sequence. Start with increased BP. 1. ANS 2. Baroreceptor signals 3. Heart/Vessels 4. Medulla oblongata A. 2,4,1,3 B. 3,2,4,1 C. 4,1,2,3 D. 2,4,3,1 59. Which statement correctly identifies the phase of the cardiac cycle that occurs when the pressure in the ventricles is lower than the pressure in the great arteries but greater than the pressure in the atria? A. Passive ventricular filling B. Ejection C. Isovolumetric contraction D. Active ventricular filling 64. Stroke volume increases when\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (assume healthy person) A. afterload increases. B. Increase release of Epi C. venous return increases. D. All of thee 65. In a healthy person, most of the ventricle filling occurs during A. atrial diastole B. atrial systole C. AV valve closure D. complete cardiac systole E. isovolumetric contraction 66. My dog Calvin (before Luther) had a very low red blood cell count. Which cardiovascular variable was **[directly]** affected? A. Cardiac Output B. Heart rate C. Resistance 67. Which statement correctly describes the pressure relationships within systemic capillaries? P. At the arteriole end of the capillary blood pressure is greater than plasma osmotic pressure Q. At the venous end of the capillary blood pressure is greater than plasma osmotic pressure R. Osmotic pressure is greater than blood pressure along the entire length of the capillary. 68. Which of the following increases local vasodilation of systemic arterioles? Rising \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. S. CO~2~ B. Histamine C. O~2~ D. pH E. A & B 69. Contraction of skeletal muscles \_\_\_\_\_ venous return, thus \_\_\_\_\_\_ stroke volume. A. decreases, decreases B. decreases, increases C. increases, decreases D. increases, increases