Arts Quarter 1 – Module 1: Principles of Design and Elements of Arts Lecture Notes PDF

Arts Quarter 1 – Module 1: Principles of Design and Elements of Arts Art can be seen in all aspects of life. It is everywhere. It can be seen in our surroundings. The popular feeling about art is that it exists only in concert halls, museums, and art galleries in a world by itself, which ar...

Arts Quarter 1 – Module 1: Principles of Design and Elements of Arts Art can be seen in all aspects of life. It is everywhere. It can be seen in our surroundings. The popular feeling about art is that it exists only in concert halls, museums, and art galleries in a world by itself, which are accessible only to those who can afford to pay for its enjoyment or to the critics and scholars who take time to study the art and objects of the art Lesson 1: PRINCIPLE OF DESIGN A. PATTERN - Is an orderly repetition of an object. B. CONTRAST - It is a juxtaposition ( two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect). - Dark set against light, large against small, bright colors against dull are examples of contrasts. Visual experience becomes monotonous without contrast. - Contrast can be seen also in the thick and thin areas of a single brushstroke C. BALANCE - is the condition in which acting influences are held in check by opposing forces or what is on the left side should appear on the right side also in order to achieve equilibrium. Symmetrical balance (or Symmetry) means that the work of art is the same on one side as the other, a mirror image of itself, on both sides of a center line. Asymmetrical balance (or Asymmetry) means that the two halves of the work of art are different, however, try to create balance D. REPETITION - The repetition of visual elements gives a composition of unity, continuity, flow, and emphasis. - Rhythm in visual art is created through the regular recurrence of elements with related variations. E. EMPHASIS - to draw our attention to an area or areas, the artist uses emphasis. - to create emphasis, position, contrast, color intensity, and size can all be used. F. MOVEMENT - A directed path of optical motion. G. HARMONY - Refers to a way of combining elements to accent their similarities. H. PROXIMITY - Is the placement of objects, whether near or far. (near each other are seen as a unit) I. RHYTHM - Is a repetitive organized movement, or visual flow, within an image. J. PROPORTION - The scale is the relation of one thing to another. - It is one of the first decisions an artist makes when planning a work of art. Lesson 2: ELEMENTS OF ARTS Medium and elements together are the materials the artist uses in creating a work of art. The distinction between them is easy to see but hard to define. An element can be known only in some medium, but as an element, it is independent of the medium. 1. LINE - The line is our basic means for recording and symbolizing ideas, observations, and feelings; it is a primary means of visual communication. - Lines always have direction.  - They are always active. 2. SHAPE - refers to the expanse within the outline of a two-dimensional area or within the outer boundaries of a three-dimensional object. 3. SPACE - It is continuous, infinite, and ever-present. - the visual arts are sometimes referred to as spatial arts because most of the art forms are organized in space. 4. VALUE - value refers to the lightness and darkness of surfaces. - It ranges from white to various grays to black. - It can be a property of color or an independent element color. 5. COLOR - is a component of light, affects us directly by modifying our thoughts, moods, actions, and even our health. - Color exists only in light, but light itself seems colorless to the human eye. - Colors affect our feelings about size and distance as well as temperature. 6. TEXTURE - The textile qualities of surfaces or to the visual representation of those qualities is referred to as texture, in visual arts. Actual textures are those we can feel by touching. Simulated textures are those created to look like something other than pain on a flat surface. 7. PERSPECTIVE (FORM) - is a point of view. In visual arts, it can refer to any means of representing three-dimensional objects in space on a two-dimensional surface. It is a system designed to depict the way objects in space appear to the eye. In linear perspective, objects appear smaller at a distance, because parallel lines appear to converge as they recede into the distance, and the last meeting of the lines on the horizon is called the vanishing point. Arts Quarter 1 – Module 2: Characteristics of Arts from the Various Art Movements A. IMPRESSIONISM – an art movement that emerged in the second half of 19th century among a group of a Paris-based artists. Impressionist artist 1. CLAUDE MONET - French painter and founder of Impressionism painting. - Monet’s aim in his painting was to capture reality and analyse the ever-changing nature of light and color. - best known for his landscape painting, depicting his flower gardens and water lily ponds - Impressionism “SUNRISE” is the work that paved the way for the development of Impressionism art. Example artwork: "Bridge Over Pond of Lilies” “Monet’s Garden at Giverny” 2. AUGUSTE PIERRE RENOIR - snapshots of real-life paintings of actual people and figures - He apply more disciplined, formal technique to portraits and actual people and figure paintings. Example artwork: The Luncheon of the Boating Party “Mlle Irene Cahen d’Anvers” 3. EDOUARD MANET - depicted modern-life subjects and he was akey figure in the transition from realism to impressionism. Example artwork: “The Bar at the Folies-Berger e” “Argenteuil” B. POST-IMPRESSIONISM * PAUL CEZANNE - A French artist and post-impressionist painter. His works exemplifies the transition from late 19th century impression to a new world radically different world art in 20th century * VINCENTVAN GOGH - Was a post-impressionist painter from Netherlands. His works was remarkable for their strong, heavy brush strokes, intense emotions and colors. Best known for his “STARRY NIGHT”. C. EXPRESSIONISM - more emotional force, and not on realistic or natural images - they used distorted outlines, unrealistic or unnatural images - not actually what they see in the physical world, but depend on their imaginations and feelings. The DIFFERENT STYLES that emerged within the expressionist art movements are: 1. NEOPRIMITIVISM - an art style of combined elements from the native arts of the South Sea Islanders and the wood carvings of African tribes. - Amedeo Modigliani was the Western artists who adapted these elements. Example artworks (YELLOW SWEATER, HEAD) - Oval faces and elongated shapes of African art can be seen in both his sculptures and paintings. 2. FAUVISM - is the style of les Fauves (French for "the wild beasts"), a group of early 20th-century modern artists whose works emphasized with strong colors and visual distortions. - The most known artist of Fauvism was Henri Matisse. Example artwork (BLUE WINDOW, WOMAN WITH A HAT) The characteristics of Fauvism include: 1) The important use of unnatural colors gives new, emotional meaning to the colors. 2) Creating a strong, unified work that appears flat on the canvas. 3. DADAISM - a style characterized by imagination, remembered images, and visual tricks and surprises - The art, poetry, and performance produced by dada artists are often satirical and nonsensical in nature - Marc Chagall and Giorgio de Chirico, best known for dadaism movement Example Artwork of Giorgio de Chirico – MELANCHOLY AND MYSTERY OF A STREET Example artwork of MARC CHAGALL – I and THE VILLAGE 4. SURREALISM - came from the term "super-realism," - a style that depicts an illogical, subconscious dream world -It is a clear expression of departure from reality (as if the artists were dreaming, seeing illusions, or experiencing a change in mental state.) - Best known Surrealist was Salvador Dali (ex. Artworks: Personages with Star, Diana, Persistence of Memory) 5. SOCIAL REALISM - an art movement that expresses the artist's role in social reform - artists used their works to show protest against the injustices, inequalities immorality, and other concerns of the human condition - Social realists have addressed different social issues for the purpose of increasing people's awareness leading to reforms and general welfare Example artworks: GUERNICA by Pablo Picasso, MINERS’ WIVES by Ben Shahn C. ABSTRACTIONISM - Abstractionism was logical and rational. - Geometrical shapes, patterns, lines, angles, textures, and swirls of color were used. - Representational abstractionism depicts still-recognizable subjects, while pure abstractionism does not recognize any subject at all. Francis Picabia, a French avant-garde painter, poet, and typo graphist and associated with Cubism. His highly abstract planar compositions were colorful and rich in contrasts. Robert Delaunay, a French artist who with his wife Sonia Delaunay and others, co-founded the Orphism art movement which is noted for its use of strong colors and geometric shapes. D. ABSTRACTIONISM – was logical and rational. It involved analyzing. Detaching. Selecting and amplifying. ABSTRACTIONISM STYLES are as follows: 1. CUBISM - The cubist style was derived from the word cube, a three-dimensional geometric figure composed of lines, planes, and angles. Cubism is the most influential art movement of the 20th century. Pablo Picasso - Spanish painter/sculptor is foremost among the cubists. The most notable proponent of cubism. ex. of his artwork are THREE MUSICIANS and GIRL BEFORE A MIRROR 2. FUTURISM - an art of fast-paced, machine-propelled age - Artists draw inspiration through motion, force, speed, and strength of mechanical forms - their works depicted the dynamic sensation of all these – as seen in the works of Italian painter Gino Severini. Example Artwork (ARMORED TRAIN) 3. MECHANICAL STYLE - basic forms such as planes, cones, spheres, and cylinders all fit together in a precise and neat manner DISCS IN THE CITY is an artwork of FERNAND LEGER 4. NON-OBJECTIVISM - did not make use of figures or even representations of figures NEW YOKR CITY is an artwork of PIET MONDRIAN Prepared by: Mam Gen Desaluna