Lecture 6 Articular System 2 PDF

‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫رؤية الكلية‬ ‫تتطلع الكلية أن تكون في مصاف المؤسسات التعليمية المعترف بها إقليمياً وعالمياً من خالل برامج تعليمية متطورة‬.‫وأبحاث تطبيقية مبتكرة وتنمية مجتمعية مستدامة‬ The Faculty aspires to be a recognized educational institu...

‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫رؤية الكلية‬ ‫تتطلع الكلية أن تكون في مصاف المؤسسات التعليمية المعترف بها إقليمياً وعالمياً من خالل برامج تعليمية متطورة‬.‫وأبحاث تطبيقية مبتكرة وتنمية مجتمعية مستدامة‬ The Faculty aspires to be a recognized educational institution, regionally and internationally, by providing advanced educational programs, innovative applied research, and sustainable community development. ‫رسالة الكلية‬ ‫ ذو كفاءة معرفية وتطبيقية من خالل برامج تعليمية‬،‫إعداد طبيب أسنان ملتزم بالقيم االنسانية واألخالق المهنية‬ ‫ كما تلتزم الكلية بإعداد بحوث تطبيقية‬.‫متطورة تتوافق مع االحتياجات الفعلية لسوق العمل المحلي والعالمي‬.‫متوافقة مع االستراتيجيات القومية وكذلك تقديم خدمة مجتمعية مستدامة وفقاً لمعايير الجودة العالمية‬ The mission is to prepare knowledgeable and well-trained dentists committed to human values and professional ethics, by developing advanced educational programs that correspond to the actual needs of the local and global labor market. The Faculty is also committed to preparing applied research in line with national strategies, as well as providing sustainable community service following international quality standards.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Joints Prof. Iman Abdel Aal  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Student learning outcomes (SLOS) Describe the articular system, definition, classification, stability, nerve supply, blood supply and terms of movements.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Types of Synovial Joints  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 A. According To The Number Of Articulating Bones Simple Compound Complex Shoulder Joint Elbow Joint Knee Joint  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Types of Synovial Joints B. Shape of articulating bones:  Synovial joints are classified according to the shape of articulating bones into: 1. Plane 2. Hinge 3. Pivot 4. Bicondylar 5. Ellipsoid 6. Saddle 7. Ball & socket  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Shape of Articulating Bones  Plane joints: the articulating surfaces are flat e.g. tarsal and carpal joints.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Plane joint  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Shape of Articulating Bones  Hinge joints: the articulating surfaces resemble the hinge of the door e.g. elbow joint.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Shape of Articulating Bones  Pivot joints: the articulating surfaces consist of a bony pivot and a ring of bone and ligaments e.g. atlanto– axial joint and superior radio–ulnar joint.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Shape of Articulating Bones  Bicondylar joints: the articulating surfaces comprise two convex condyles articulate with two concave surfaces (concavo– convex articulation) e.g. knee joint.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Shape of Articulating Bones  Ellipsoid joint: the articulating surfaces form a convex oval surface and an elliptical concave surface e.g. wrist joint.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Shape of Articulating Bones  Saddle joint: the articulating surfaces are reciprocally concavo-convex. (concavo–convex surface in one bone fits into the convex- concave surface in other bone) e.g. carpo- metacarpal joint of the thumb.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Concavo -Convex surface in one bone fits into Convex- Concave surface in other bone  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Shape of Articulating Bones  Ball and socket joint: the articulating surfaces consist of a round head (ball) and a cup shaped concave socket e.g. hip and shoulder joints.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Types of Synovial Joints C. Number of axes of movements:  Synovial joints are classified according to the number of axes of movements into three types: 1. Uni-axial 2. Bi-axial 3. Multi-axial  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Number of Axes of Movements  Uni-axial joint: The movements are allowed around a single axis. a. Transverse axis as in hinge joint (elbow joint) allowing flexion and extension. b. Vertical axis as in pivot joint (atlanto-axial) allowing rotational movements.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Hinge (Elbow joint)  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Number of Axes of Movements  Bi-axial joint: The movements are allowed around two axes (one is perpendicular to the other). a. Bi-condylar (condylar) joints b. Ellipsoid joint c. Saddle joint  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Number of Axes of Movements  Bi-axial joint: a. Bi-condylar (condylar) joints e.g. knee joint, there are two axes (transverse and vertical) allowing flexion, extension and little rotation.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Number of Axes of Movements  Bi-axial joint: b. Ellipsoid joint e.g. wrist joint, there are two axes (transverse and antero– posterior) allowing flexion, extension, adduction and abduction movements but no rotation is allowed.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Number of Axes of Movements  Bi-axial joint: c. Saddle joint e.g. carpo–metacarpal joint of the thumb, there are two axes like ellipsoid joint but there is a little degree of rotation.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Number of Axes of Movements  Multi–axial joint: There are many axes passing through one center allowing flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation and circumduction. e.g. shoulder joint.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Factors affecting Stability of Joints 1. Shape of the articulating bones. 2. Muscles surrounding the joint. 3. Strength of the ligaments.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Nerve Supply of the Joints  Joints are innervated by the nerves which supply the surrounding muscles.  They are sensory nerves and end in the fibrous capsule and the ligaments.  They are sensitive to pain and movement.  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Blood Supply of the Joints  Joints are supplied by articular arteries from the surrounding muscular arteries.  ‫الفم واألسنان‬ ‫طب الفم‬ ‫كلية طب‬ ‫كلية‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬ ‫‪Quiz‬‬  ‫الفم واألسنان‬ ‫طب الفم‬ ‫كلية طب‬ ‫كلية‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Terms of Movement  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Flexion: Extension: Bending the Straightening joint of the joint  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Flexion & Extension of the shoulder  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ ‫‪General Anatomy GDN131‬‬  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Abduction: Moving away Adduction: Moving from the middle line towards the middle line  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Rotation: Medial or Lateral around vertical axis Rotation  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ Circumduction: General Anatomy GDN131 Combination of movements Flexion Abduction Extension Adduction  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ Gliding: General Anatomy GDN131 Sliding movements  ‫الفم واألسنان‬ ‫طب الفم‬ ‫كلية طب‬ ‫كلية‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Sum up  Definition  Classification: 1. Fibrous 2. Cartilaginous: Primary - Secondary 3. Synovial  Structure of the synovial joint  Types of synovial joints  Factors affecting stability  Nerve supply  Blood supply  Terms of movement  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Formative Assessment  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131  Which one of the following joints allows movement around two axes only? a. Ellipsoid b. Pivot c. Hinge d. Ball and socket  ‫كلية طب الفم واألسنان‬ General Anatomy GDN131 Thank you