Lecture 3 Intro to Basic Teachings of Quran - Copy.pptx

Personality Development Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan Email : [email protected]  Objectives of the lecture To understand the Role of the Prophet PBUH in the light...

Personality Development Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Riphah International University Islamabad, Pakistan Email : [email protected]  Objectives of the lecture To understand the Role of the Prophet PBUH in the light of Qur’an To Purify soul and body with the help of Quran To identify the Ethics of vision and audition LIFE AND LIVING  Role of the Prophet PBUH Recitation Purification Teachings of the Book Teachings of the Wisdom  Role of the Prophet :Allah says in the Quran ‫ل‬ُ ْ ‫ن قَب‬ ْ ‫م‬ ْ ُ ‫ن كَان‬ ِ ‫وا‬ ْ ِ ‫ة ۤ وَا‬ َ ‫م‬ ِ ْ ‫ب وَال‬ َ ْ ‫حك‬ َ ٰ ‫م الْكِت‬ ُ ِّ ‫م وَيُعَل‬ ُ ُ ‫مه‬ ْ ِ‫م اٰيٰتِهٖ وَي ُ َزكِّيْه‬ ْ ِ‫وا عَلَيْه‬ ْ ُ ‫م يَتْل‬ ِّ ‫واًل‬ ْ ‫من ْ ُه‬ ْ ‫س‬ ُ ‫ٖن َر‬ ِّ ُ ‫ث فِي ااْل‬ َ ّ ‫مي‬ َ َ‫و الَّذِيْ بَع‬ َ ُ‫ه‬ ‫ن‬ ٍ ْ ‫مبِي‬ُّ ‫ل‬ ٍ ٰ ‫ضل‬ َ ‫ي‬ْ ‫ف‬ ِ َ‫ل‬ He is the One who raised amidst the unlettered people a messenger from among themselves who recites to them His verses, and purifies them, and teaches them the Book and the wisdom, while they were earlier in open error. ]al-Jumah 62:2[  Role of the Prophet :In the above verses following duties of the Prophet are mentioned to recite to them His signs, and to purify them, and to teach them the Book and Wisdom. ‫شره بمغْفرة وَأ‬ ‫ر‬َ ‫ك‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ج‬ ْ ِ ْ ‫ن بِالْغَي‬ ٍ ِ ٍ َ ٍ َ ِ َ ِ ُ ْ ِ ّ َ ‫ب ۖ فَب‬ ‫يم‬ ‫ن اتَّبَعَ الذِّك ْ َر‬ َ ‫م‬ َٰ ‫ح‬ ْ ‫الر‬ َّ ‫ي‬َ ‫ش‬ ِ ‫خ‬ َ َ‫و‬ ِ ‫م‬ َ ‫ما تُنْذِ ُر‬ َ َّ ‫ِإن‬ You can warn only him who follows the Admonition and fears the Merciful Lord without seeing Him. Give such a one good tidings of forgiveness and a generous reward. (Surah Yasin: 11)  He called to Oneness of Allah. Examples from the life of Pr PBUH He purified people who entered Islam. He enjoined them good and forbid them from wrong. Abu Umamah reported: A young man came to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and he said, “O Messenger of Allah, give me permission to commit adultery.” The people turned to rebuke him, saying, “Quiet! Quiet!” The Prophet said, “Come here.” The young man came close and he told him to sit down. The Prophet said, “Would you like that for your mother?” The man said, “No, by Allah, may I be sacrificed for you.” The Prophet said, “Neither would people like it for their mothers. Would you like that for your daughter?” The man said, “No, by Allah, may I be sacrificed for you.” The Prophet said, “Neither would people like it for their daughters. Would you like that for your sister?” The man said, “No, by Allah, may I be sacrificed for you.” The Prophet said, “Neither would people like it for their sisters. Would you like that for your aunts?” The man said, “No, by Allah, may I be sacrificed for you.” The Prophet said,  Purification of Soul and Body ‫صلّٰى‬ َ َ‫م َربِّهٖ ف‬ ْ ‫ن ت َ َزكّٰى وَذ َك َ َر ا‬ َ ‫س‬ ْ ‫م‬ َ َ ‫قَد ْ اَفْل‬ َ ‫ح‬ Success is surely achieved by him who purifies himself, and pronounces the name of his Lord, then offers prayer. ]Al-A‘la 87: 14[ َ ْ ‫متَطَهِّرِي‬ ‫ن‬ ُ ْ ‫ب ال‬ ُّ ‫ح‬ ِ ُ ‫ن وَي‬ َ ْ ‫ـوابِي‬ َّ َّ ‫ب الت‬ ُّ ‫ح‬ َ ّٰ ‫ن الل‬ ِ ُ‫ه ي‬ َّ ِ ‫ا‬ Surely Allah loves those who are most repenting and loves those who keep themselves pure. ]al-Baqarah 2:222[ Allah has ordered the prophet to take alms from their wealth. It was the duty of the prophet to purify their wealth.along their souls ‫ُأ‬ َ َّ ‫خ َر َوذ َك َ َر الل‬ ً ِ ‫ه كَث‬ ‫يرا‬ ِ ‫م اآْل‬ ْ َ ‫ه وَالْي‬ َ ‫و‬ َ َّ ‫جو الل‬ َ ‫ن كَا‬ ُ ‫ن ي َ ْر‬ ْ ‫م‬ َ ِ‫ة ل‬ ٌ َ ‫سن‬ َ ‫ح‬ َ ٌ ‫وة‬ ْ ِ‫ول اللَّه‬ َ ‫س‬ ِ ‫س‬ ْ ُ ‫ن لَك‬ ُ ‫م فِي َر‬ َ ‫ل َ َقد ْ كَا‬ Surely there was a good example for you in the Messenger of Allah, for all those who look forward to Allah and the Last Day and remember Allah much. (Surah Al-Ahzab: 21) ‫خذ ْ م َأ‬ ‫م‬ ٌ ‫ميعٌ عَلِي‬ ِ ‫س‬ ُ َّ ‫م َوالل‬ َ ‫ه‬ ْ ‫ن ل َ ُه‬ ٌ َ ‫سك‬ َ َ ‫صاَل ت‬ َ ‫ك‬ َ ‫ن‬ ْ ِ‫ل ع َلَيْه‬ َّ ‫م ِإ‬ ِّ ‫ص‬ َ ‫م ب ِ َها َو‬ ْ ‫يه‬ ْ ُ‫ة تُطَهِّ ُره‬ ِ ِّ ‫م َوت ُ َزك‬ ً َ‫صدَق‬ َ ‫م‬ ْ ‫وال ِ ِه‬ َ ‫م‬ ْ ‫ن‬ْ ِ ُ Take Sadaqah (obligatory alms) out of their wealth through which you may cleanse and purify them, and pray for them. Indeed, your prayer is a source of peace for them. And Allah is (All-) Hearing, (All-) Knowing. Purification of soul and body ‫ ويرفعـ به الدرجات؟ " قالوا بلى يا رسول‬،‫ "أال أدلكم على ما يمحو الله به الخطايا‬:‫عن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال‬ ‫ فذلكم الرباط‬،‫ فذـلكم الرباط‬،‫ وانتظار الصالة بعد الصالة‬،‫ وكثرة الخطا إلى المساجد‬،‫ "إسباغ الوضوء على المكاره‬:‫ قال‬.‫“الله‬ Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (‫ )ﷺ‬said, "Shall I not tell you something by which Allah effaces the sins and elevates the ranks (in Jannah)." The Companions said: "Yes (please tell us), O Messenger of Allah." He said, "Performing the Wudu' properly in spite of difficult circumstances, walking with more paces to the mosque, and waiting for the next Salat (prayer) after a observing Salat; and that is Ar-Ribat, and that is Ar-Ribat."Sahih Muslim 251 ‫ت‬ َ ْ ‫ما بَعْدـ َ ال‬ ِ ْ ‫مو‬ َ ‫م‬ َ ِ‫ل ل‬ ِ َ ‫ه وَع‬ ُ ‫س‬ َ ْ‫ن نَف‬ َ ‫ن دَا‬ ْ ‫م‬ ُ ِّ ‫" الْكَي‬ َ ‫س‬ “The wise man is the one who takes account of himself and strives for that which is after death. (Sunan Ibne-Majah) "ٍ‫مـ ْن ِعلْم‬ ‫َأ‬ ‫َأ‬ َ ‫سي َتـــق َْواـهَا وَ َزـكـ ِّهَـا َأنـ َْت‬ ‫َأ‬ ِ ‫موْالَهَا ا ـلَّهُ َّم ِإنـِّي ع ُوذ ُ ِبـــ َك‬ َ ‫مـ ْن َزـكَّاهَا نـ َْتوَـلـِيُّهَـا وَـ‬َ ‫خـي ْ ُر‬ ِ ْ‫ـبـ ْـلقَب ْ ِر ا ـل َّ ُه َّم آ ِـت َنــف‬ ‫ـلُخ ِْلوَاـ ْـلهَـ َرم ِ وَـع َ َذا ِ ا‬ ‫جب ْ ِنوَاـ ْب‬ ُ ‫س ِلوَاـ ْـل‬ َ َ ‫ج ِز وَاـ ْـلك‬ ْ َ‫مـ َناـ ْـلع‬ ِ ‫اـلَّهُ َّم ِإنـِّي ع ُوذ ُ ِبـــ َك‬. " ‫ج ُاب َلــهَـا‬ َ َ ‫ست‬ْ ‫ال ُيــ‬ َ ٍ‫مـ ْند َـع َْوة‬ ِ ‫ال َتـــشْ بَعُـ وَـ‬ َ ‫ْس‬ ٍ ‫مـ ْن َنــف‬ِ ‫خشَ عُـ وَـ‬ ْ ‫ال َيــ‬ َ ‫مـ ْنقَ ـل ٍْب‬ َ ِ ‫ال َيــنْفَعُـ وَـ‬ O Allah, I seek refuge in Thee from incapacity, from sloth, from cowardice, from miserliness, decrepitude and from torment of the grave. O Allah, grant to my soul the sense of righteousness and purify it, for Thou art the Best Purifier thereof. Thou art the Protecting Friend thereof, and Guardian thereof. O Allah, I seek refuge in Thee from the knowledge which does not benefit, from the heart that does not entertain the fear (of Allah), from the soul that does not feel contented and the supplication that is not responded. (Muslim) The Prophet peace be upon him used to pray often: “O changer of the hearts (i.e Almighty Allah), make my heart firm upon your religion (deen).” The companions said, “O Messenger of Allah, we believed in you and what you have brought. Do you fear for us?” He answered, “Yes, verily, the hearts are between Allah’s fingers and he turns them any way he wills.” (Tirmidhi) Self Purification:‫تـــزكـيه نــفس‬ Tazkiyah linguistically is related to cleansing, purifying and growing. It is the process of cleansing the Nafs (self/ego) from its base and lower qualities, and replacing them with beautiful and spiritually higher qualities. Tazkiyah aims to purify the heart from spiritual ailments, from the darkness of sins and from unhealthy attachments to the elements of Dunyāa’ (life of this world). Linguistically it has two meanings; first, purification and second increase or growth. Idiomatically it can be summarized just the way Imam Al-Ghazali put it, “Complementing the human self through suppressing its baser instincts and releasing its higher characteristics.” Explanation Who purifies himself: Give up disbelief and polytheism Who affirm the faith (Tawheed, Risalah & Akhirah) Adopt good morals Give up evil morals  Ethics of vision and audition ‫ســــ ُٔــوْاًل‬ ْ ‫م‬ َ ‫ه‬ ُ ْ ‫ن عَن‬َ ‫ك كَا‬ َ ِٕ ‫ل اُولٰۗى‬ ُّ ُ ‫ص َر وَال ْ ُفَؤاد َ ك‬ َ َ ‫معَ َوالْب‬ ْ ‫س‬ َّ ‫ن ال‬ َّ ِ ‫م ۭ ا‬ ٌ ْ ‫عل‬ ِ ٖ‫ك بِه‬َ َ‫س ل‬ َ ْ ‫ما لَي‬ َ ‫ف‬ُ ‫َواَل تَــ ْق‬ And do not follow a thing about which you have no knowledge. Surely, the ear, the eye and the heart - each one of them shall be interrogated about. [Bani Israel 17:36] ‫َأ‬ ‫َأ‬ ِ ‫ن بَعْد‬ ْ ‫م‬ ِ ِ‫ن يَهْدِيه‬ َ َ‫اوةً ف‬ ْ ‫م‬ َ ‫ش‬َ ‫صرِهِ ِغ‬ َ َ ‫ل عَلَى ب‬ َ َ‫معِهِ َوقَلْبِهِ و‬ َ َ ‫جع‬ ْ ‫س‬ َ ‫م عََألَى‬ َ َ‫علْم ٍ و‬ َ َ ‫خت‬ ِ ‫ه عَلَى‬ ُ َّ ‫ه الل‬ ُ َّ ‫ضل‬ َ ‫ه هَوَاهُ َو‬ُ َ‫خذ َ ِإلَه‬ َ َّ ‫ن ات‬ ِ ‫م‬َ ‫ت‬َ ْ ‫أفَ َر ي‬ َ ‫اللَّهِ فَاَل تَذ َك َّ ُرو‬ ‫ن‬ So, have you seen him who has taken his desires as his god, and Allah has let him go astray, despite having knowledge, and has sealed his ear and his heart, and put a cover on his eye? Now who will guide him after Allah? Still, do you not take lesson? Al Jasiah 45:23 Guiding Principles for Personality Development Obey Allah Obey His Prophet Fulfill the rights of Quran Be a practical Muslim Seek education Adopt good and leave bad and evils  Summary Allah almighty has sent the Prophets to change the hearts and minds of human beings. To achieve this purpose, they devoted their whole lives for the betterment of humanity. By conveying the message of the Qur’an, Prophet established the Islamic society through his practical teachings. Qur’an explains the four basic responsibilities of the Prophet which are consist of Recitation, Purification, Teachings of the Book and Teachings of the Wisdom. Prophet emphasized about purification of soul which becomes a source of closeness to Allah.